{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2061248762","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6346917","title":"Multiscale sample entropy based on discrete wavelet transform for clinical heart rate variability recognition","display_name":"Multiscale sample entropy based on discrete wavelet transform for clinical heart rate variability recognition","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2061248762","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6346917","mag":"2061248762","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23366878"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2012.6346917","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6346917","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060879955","display_name":"Ming-Yuan Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8025-2918"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming-Yuan Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi County, Taiwan. a39025309@hotmail.com","Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi County, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi County, Taiwan. a39025309@hotmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi County, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039518810","display_name":"Sung\u2010Nien Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7540-7233"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sung-Nien Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan","Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi County, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi County, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7882,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70651486,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"2012","issue":null,"first_page":"4299","last_page":"4302"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10745","display_name":"Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10745","display_name":"Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9879999756813049,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample-entropy","display_name":"Sample entropy","score":0.7513482570648193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.750580906867981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.6664372086524963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-wavelet-transform","display_name":"Discrete wavelet transform","score":0.65488201379776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6004754900932312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet","display_name":"Wavelet","score":0.5200436115264893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normal-sinus-rhythm","display_name":"Normal Sinus Rhythm","score":0.5151835680007935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-rate-variability","display_name":"Heart rate variability","score":0.507515549659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet-transform","display_name":"Wavelet transform","score":0.50489741563797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.4603772759437561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4486628770828247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.41754189133644104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atrial-fibrillation","display_name":"Atrial fibrillation","score":0.3941071331501007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3418755531311035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-rate","display_name":"Heart rate","score":0.2286282777786255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiology","display_name":"Cardiology","score":0.18281441926956177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.13545235991477966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.122530996799469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07588818669319153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66696666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105612","display_name":"Sample entropy","level":3,"score":0.7513482570648193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.750580906867981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6664372086524963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46286280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414958","display_name":"Discrete wavelet transform","level":4,"score":0.65488201379776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6004754900932312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47432892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831390","display_name":"Wavelet","level":2,"score":0.5200436115264893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908745016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12335414","display_name":"Normal Sinus Rhythm","level":3,"score":0.5151835680007935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71635504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q933954","display_name":"Heart rate variability","level":4,"score":0.507515549659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196216189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2867","display_name":"Wavelet transform","level":3,"score":0.50489741563797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.4603772759437561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4486628770828247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.41754189133644104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779161974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815819","display_name":"Atrial fibrillation","level":2,"score":0.3941071331501007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3418755531311035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777953023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1073121","display_name":"Heart rate","level":3,"score":0.2286282777786255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.18281441926956177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.13545235991477966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.122530996799469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07588818669319153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001281","descriptor_name":"Atrial Fibrillation","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001281","descriptor_name":"Atrial Fibrillation","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001281","descriptor_name":"Atrial Fibrillation","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001281","descriptor_name":"Atrial Fibrillation","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001281","descriptor_name":"Atrial Fibrillation","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001281","descriptor_name":"Atrial Fibrillation","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003937","descriptor_name":"Diagnosis, Differential","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003937","descriptor_name":"Diagnosis, Differential","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003937","descriptor_name":"Diagnosis, Differential","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006333","descriptor_name":"Heart Failure","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006333","descriptor_name":"Heart Failure","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006333","descriptor_name":"Heart Failure","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006333","descriptor_name":"Heart Failure","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006333","descriptor_name":"Heart Failure","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006333","descriptor_name":"Heart Failure","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019277","descriptor_name":"Entropy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019277","descriptor_name":"Entropy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019277","descriptor_name":"Entropy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058067","descriptor_name":"Wavelet Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058067","descriptor_name":"Wavelet Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058067","descriptor_name":"Wavelet Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2012.6346917","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6346917","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:23366878","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23366878","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.41999998688697815,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1551986488","https://openalex.org/W1572553831","https://openalex.org/W1862394037","https://openalex.org/W2031377725","https://openalex.org/W2040488623","https://openalex.org/W2042099692","https://openalex.org/W2043775888","https://openalex.org/W2059590321","https://openalex.org/W2077204677","https://openalex.org/W2093266575","https://openalex.org/W2111704124","https://openalex.org/W2133589238","https://openalex.org/W2156909104","https://openalex.org/W2271261985","https://openalex.org/W2285072859","https://openalex.org/W4235561321","https://openalex.org/W4302067267","https://openalex.org/W6676622162"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976653534","https://openalex.org/W2142558988","https://openalex.org/W2085792030","https://openalex.org/W1588899229","https://openalex.org/W2062266966","https://openalex.org/W2172291505","https://openalex.org/W2023142747","https://openalex.org/W2037009764","https://openalex.org/W2063036707","https://openalex.org/W2501033992"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Traditional":[0],"multiscale":[1,38,92,110],"method":[2,111,127],"uses":[3],"coarse":[4],"grained":[5],"average":[6],"(CGA)":[7],"to":[8,25,31,118],"evaluate":[9],"sample":[10],"entropy":[11],"(SE)":[12],"parameters":[13],"in":[14,133,144,148],"different":[15],"scales":[16,104],"for":[17,40,46,137],"signal":[18],"characterization.":[19],"In":[20],"this":[21],"study,":[22],"we":[23],"propose":[24],"use":[26],"discrete":[27],"wavelet":[28],"transform":[29],"(DWT)":[30],"decompose":[32],"hear":[33],"rate":[34],"variability":[35],"signals":[36],"into":[37],"sequences":[39],"the":[41,47,71,74,77,89,119,123,134,149],"calculation":[42],"of":[43,49,76],"SE":[44,93],"features":[45,78,94],"recognition":[48,135,151],"congestive":[50],"heart":[51],"failure":[52],"(CHF)":[53],"and":[54,73,99,114,130,139,142],"atrial":[55],"fibrillation":[56],"(AF)":[57],"from":[58,96],"normal":[59],"sinus":[60],"rhythm":[61],"(NSR).":[62],"The":[63,85],"support":[64],"vector":[65],"machine":[66],"(SVM)":[67],"is":[68],"used":[69],"as":[70],"classifier":[72],"capability":[75],"are":[79],"justified":[80],"with":[81,101],"leave-one-out":[82],"cross-validation":[83],"method.":[84],"results":[86],"demonstrate":[87],"that":[88,106],"system":[90],"using":[91,112],"calculated":[95],"both":[97],"CGA":[98,113,121],"DWT":[100,126],"five":[102],"dyadic":[103],"outperforms":[105],"based":[107],"on":[108],"tradition":[109],"20":[115],"scales.":[116],"Compared":[117],"5-scale":[120,125],"method,":[122],"proposed":[124],"achieved":[128],"6.7%":[129],"0.77%":[131],"increases":[132],"rates":[136],"CHF":[138],"AF,":[140],"respectively,":[141],"resulted":[143],"an":[145],"8.35%":[146],"raise":[147],"overall":[150],"accuracy.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
