{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1974999797","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6346818","title":"Virtual electrode stimulation in a multi-channel stimulation system","display_name":"Virtual electrode stimulation in a multi-channel stimulation system","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1974999797","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6346818","mag":"1974999797","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23366779"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2012.6346818","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6346818","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039170333","display_name":"Linh Hoang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3930-4522"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linh Hoang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Bioengineering, University of California at Los Angles, CA 90095, USA. vlinh@ucla.edu","Department of Bioengineering, University of California at Los Angles, 90095, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Bioengineering, University of California at Los Angles, CA 90095, USA. vlinh@ucla.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Bioengineering, University of California at Los Angles, 90095, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100356233","display_name":"Zhi Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3073-9462"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Zhi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore,,Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore,,Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009313373","display_name":"Wentai Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9845-8743"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wentai Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","Department of Bioengineering, University of California at Los Angles, 90095, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Bioengineering, University of California at Los Angles, 90095, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":null,"first_page":"3894","last_page":"3898"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stimulation","display_name":"Stimulation","score":0.817644476890564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.6742277145385742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5782788395881653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.5645177364349365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.53049635887146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrode","display_name":"Electrode","score":0.5197688937187195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.42424124479293823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.4219732880592346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3366183042526245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.29407501220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.2881796658039093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.19864267110824585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.1664266586303711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.15856826305389404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1315578818321228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1085098385810852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.09905332326889038}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.817644476890564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.6742277145385742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5782788395881653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.5645177364349365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.53049635887146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.5197688937187195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.42424124479293823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.4219732880592346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3366183042526245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.29407501220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.2881796658039093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.19864267110824585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.1664266586303711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.15856826305389404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1315578818321228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1085098385810852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.09905332326889038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004566","descriptor_name":"Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004566","descriptor_name":"Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004566","descriptor_name":"Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010087","descriptor_name":"Oxides","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010087","descriptor_name":"Oxides","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010087","descriptor_name":"Oxides","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011474","descriptor_name":"Prosthesis Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011474","descriptor_name":"Prosthesis Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011474","descriptor_name":"Prosthesis Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012666","descriptor_name":"Semiconductors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012666","descriptor_name":"Semiconductors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012666","descriptor_name":"Semiconductors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2012.6346818","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6346818","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:23366779","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23366779","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarbank.nus.edu.sg:10635/84355","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/84355","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052290","display_name":"National University of Singapore","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scopus","raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1566916904","https://openalex.org/W1989507581","https://openalex.org/W2008877159","https://openalex.org/W2051589830","https://openalex.org/W2070883285","https://openalex.org/W2089604360","https://openalex.org/W2145069646","https://openalex.org/W6681262703"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3014521742","https://openalex.org/W2111241003","https://openalex.org/W4200391368","https://openalex.org/W2617868873","https://openalex.org/W2210979487","https://openalex.org/W1979131826","https://openalex.org/W2370066713","https://openalex.org/W1984979050","https://openalex.org/W2978161533","https://openalex.org/W2379338802"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Virtual":[0],"electrode":[1,71],"stimulation":[2,8,36,42,61,72,76],"can":[3,55,79],"provide":[4],"extra":[5],"selective":[6],"spatial":[7],"sites":[9],"given":[10],"if":[11],"there":[12],"is":[13,85],"a":[14,51,66,74],"highly":[15],"configurable":[16],"and":[17,34,43,73,92],"controllable":[18],"multi-channel":[19,75],"stimulator":[20],"system.":[21],"The":[22,83],"system":[23,77,84],"has":[24],"to":[25],"have":[26],"low":[27],"latency":[28],"between":[29],"the":[30,60],"loaded":[31],"input":[32],"data":[33],"output":[35],"pulse,":[37],"precise":[38],"timing":[39],"on":[40],"simultaneously":[41],"an":[44],"interface":[45],"with":[46],"external":[47],"device":[48],"such":[49,81],"that":[50,78],"computer":[52],"or":[53],"FPGA":[54],"directly":[56],"control":[57],"each":[58],"of":[59,69],"channels.":[62],"This":[63],"paper":[64],"presents":[65],"general":[67],"concept":[68],"virtual":[70],"support":[80],"operation.":[82],"designed":[86],"in":[87],"CMOS":[88],"0.35\u00b5m":[89],"occupies":[90],"3.4\u00d72.7mm(2)":[91],"consumes":[93],"2.3mW.":[94]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}