{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2038834414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6346473","title":"The unlock project: A Python-based framework for practical brain-computer interface communication “app” development","display_name":"The unlock project: A Python-based framework for practical brain-computer interface communication “app” development","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2038834414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6346473","mag":"2038834414","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23366434"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2012.6346473","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6346473","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3694612","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054274806","display_name":"Jonathan S. Brumberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5739-968X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146416000","display_name":"University of Kansas","ror":"https://ror.org/001tmjg57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146416000"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. S. Brumberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Speech-Language-Hearing, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA","Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Speech-Language-Hearing, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146416000"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005524354","display_name":"Sean Lorenz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. D. Lorenz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Program in Cognitive and Neural Systems, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Program in Cognitive and Neural Systems, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023084063","display_name":"Byron Galbraith","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. V. Galbraith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Program in Cognitive and Neural Systems, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Program in Cognitive and Neural Systems, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025328957","display_name":"Frank H. Guenther","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1161-1555"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. H. Guenther","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Program in Neuroscience and Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Program in Neuroscience and Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054274806"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046","https://openalex.org/I146416000"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1395,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.49036791,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":null,"first_page":"2505","last_page":"2508"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7804726362228394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain\u2013computer-interface","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","score":0.757897138595581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.6113631725311279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.5687264800071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.5338033437728882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-interface","display_name":"User interface","score":0.5086870789527893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4760739207267761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.44311487674713135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/python","display_name":"Python (programming language)","score":0.4387635886669159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphical-user-interface","display_name":"Graphical user interface","score":0.4384341239929199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-framework","display_name":"Software framework","score":0.4167908728122711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-protocol","display_name":"Communications protocol","score":0.4121641218662262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.3302956819534302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.3022235631942749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component-based-software-engineering","display_name":"Component-based software engineering","score":0.2352946698665619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.22356903553009033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7804726362228394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173201364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897410","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","level":3,"score":0.757897138595581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.6113631725311279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.5687264800071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5338033437728882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.5086870789527893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4760739207267761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.44311487674713135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519991488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28865","display_name":"Python (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4387635886669159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37789001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q782543","display_name":"Graphical user interface","level":2,"score":0.4384341239929199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76518257","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q271680","display_name":"Software framework","level":5,"score":0.4167908728122711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12269588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132364","display_name":"Communications protocol","level":2,"score":0.4121641218662262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.3302956819534302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.3022235631942749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174683762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q609588","display_name":"Component-based software engineering","level":4,"score":0.2352946698665619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.22356903553009033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011381","descriptor_name":"Programming Languages","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011381","descriptor_name":"Programming Languages","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011381","descriptor_name":"Programming Languages","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D062207","descriptor_name":"Brain-Computer Interfaces","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D062207","descriptor_name":"Brain-Computer Interfaces","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D062207","descriptor_name":"Brain-Computer Interfaces","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2012.6346473","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6346473","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:23366434","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23366434","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2688151","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3694612","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/26518","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1808/26518","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400421","display_name":"KU ScholarWorks (The University of Kansas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I146416000","host_organization_name":"University of Kansas","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146416000"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3694612","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3694612","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3694612","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3694612","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5400000214576721,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W319497439","https://openalex.org/W1964006659","https://openalex.org/W1964068569","https://openalex.org/W2047463581","https://openalex.org/W2051932554","https://openalex.org/W2081020044","https://openalex.org/W2151669316","https://openalex.org/W2165294408","https://openalex.org/W2168572392","https://openalex.org/W6611147119"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3202969339","https://openalex.org/W4237513258","https://openalex.org/W1994410349","https://openalex.org/W3177028067","https://openalex.org/W2889342546","https://openalex.org/W1913385466","https://openalex.org/W2015048155","https://openalex.org/W1969223073","https://openalex.org/W1616854372","https://openalex.org/W3042795425"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper":[2],"we":[3],"present":[4],"a":[5,63,76,99],"framework":[6,24],"for":[7,13,16,66,81,86],"reducing":[8],"the":[9,113],"development":[10,33],"time":[11],"needed":[12],"creating":[14],"applications":[15],"use":[17,88],"in":[18,38,89,97,106,126],"non-invasive":[19],"brain-computer":[20],"interfaces":[21,80],"(BCI).":[22],"Our":[23],"is":[25,48,95,122],"primarily":[26],"focused":[27],"on":[28,62],"facilitating":[29],"rapid":[30],"software":[31,120],"\"app\"":[32],"akin":[34],"to":[35],"current":[36],"efforts":[37],"consumer":[39],"portable":[40],"computing":[41],"(e.g.":[42],"smart":[43],"phones":[44],"and":[45,148],"tablets).":[46],"This":[47],"accomplished":[49],"by":[50],"handling":[51],"intermodule":[52],"communication":[53,67],"without":[54],"direct":[55],"user":[56,100],"or":[57],"developer":[58],"implementation,":[59],"instead":[60],"relying":[61],"core":[64],"subsystem":[65],"of":[68,78,124],"standard,":[69],"internal":[70],"data":[71,146],"formats.":[72],"We":[73,116],"also":[74],"provide":[75],"library":[77],"hardware":[79],"common":[82],"mobile":[83],"EEG":[84],"platforms":[85],"immediate":[87],"BCI":[90,109],"applications.":[91],"A":[92],"use-case":[93],"example":[94],"described":[96],"which":[98],"with":[101,128,135],"amyotrophic":[102],"lateral":[103],"sclerosis":[104],"participated":[105],"an":[107],"electroencephalography-based":[108],"protocol":[110],"developed":[111],"using":[112],"proposed":[114],"framework.":[115],"show":[117],"that":[118],"our":[119],"environment":[121],"capable":[123],"running":[125],"real-time":[127],"updates":[129],"occurring":[130],"50-60":[131],"times":[132],"per":[133],"second":[134],"limited":[136],"computational":[137],"overhead":[138],"(5":[139],"ms":[140],"system":[141],"lag)":[142],"while":[143],"providing":[144],"accurate":[145],"acquisition":[147],"signal":[149],"analysis.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}