{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385236446","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eit57321.2023.10187257","title":"Machine Learning Approaches for Early Diagnosis of Breast Cancer: A Comparative Study of Performance Evaluation","display_name":"Machine Learning Approaches for Early Diagnosis of Breast Cancer: A Comparative Study of Performance Evaluation","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385236446","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eit57321.2023.10187257"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/eit57321.2023.10187257","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eit57321.2023.10187257","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Electro Information Technology (eIT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004618535","display_name":"Rabia Emhamed Al Mamlook","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2523-7819"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3130915990","display_name":"Al Zawiya University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vnv1744","country_code":"LY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3130915990"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165075387","display_name":"Trine University","ror":"https://ror.org/038e0dv78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165075387"]}],"countries":["LY","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rabia Al Mamlook","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Al-Zawiya,Dept. Industrial Engineering,Al-Zawiya,Libya","Dept. Industrial Engineering, University of Al-Zawiya, Al-Zawiya, Libya","Trine University, Indian, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Al-Zawiya,Dept. Industrial Engineering,Al-Zawiya,Libya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130915990"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. Industrial Engineering, University of Al-Zawiya, Al-Zawiya, Libya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130915990"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trine University, Indian, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165075387"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092537763","display_name":"Sujeet Shresth","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157790","display_name":"Statistical Research (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/058eg8775","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157790"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sujeet Shresth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wayne Stata University,Dept. Industrial Engineering,MI,USA","Dept. Industrial Engineering, Wayne Stata University, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wayne Stata University,Dept. Industrial Engineering,MI,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157790"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. Industrial Engineering, Wayne Stata University, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070919177","display_name":"Tasnim Gharaibeh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48664048","display_name":"Kalamazoo College","ror":"https://ror.org/001qst305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48664048"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tasnim Gharaibeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kalamazoo College,Dept. of computer science,Kalamazoo,USA","Dept. of computer science, Kalamazoo College, Kalamazoo, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kalamazoo College,Dept. of computer science,Kalamazoo,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48664048"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of computer science, Kalamazoo College, Kalamazoo, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48664048"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085785401","display_name":"Ali Saeed Almuflih","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5359-1519"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82952536","display_name":"King Khalid University","ror":"https://ror.org/052kwzs30","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Saeed Almuflih","raw_affiliation_strings":["King Khalid University,Dept. Industrial Engineering,Guraiger,Saudi Arabia","Dept. Industrial Engineering, King Khalid University, Guraiger, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Khalid University,Dept. Industrial Engineering,Guraiger,Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. Industrial Engineering, King Khalid University, Guraiger, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014692416","display_name":"Wassnaa Al-Mawee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6536-7338"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","display_name":"Western Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j198w64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wassnaa Al-Mawee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Western Michigan University,Dept. of Computer Science, Department of Computer Science,Kalamazoo,MI","Dept. of Computer Science, Department of Computer Science, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western Michigan University,Dept. of Computer Science, Department of Computer Science,Kalamazoo,MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Science, Department of Computer Science, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076294719","display_name":"Hanin Bzizi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","display_name":"Western Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j198w64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanin Bzizi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Western Michigan University,Department of Biomedical Science,Kalamazoo,MI","Department of Biomedical Science, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western Michigan University,Department of Biomedical Science,Kalamazoo,MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Science, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004618535"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165075387","https://openalex.org/I3130915990"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5245,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70677811,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"271","last_page":"274"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9861000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.9804999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-cancer","display_name":"Breast cancer","score":0.7598621845245361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.7588064074516296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confusion-matrix","display_name":"Confusion matrix","score":0.723824679851532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7080588340759277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.671881914138794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.6148191094398499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaboost","display_name":"AdaBoost","score":0.614246666431427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logistic-regression","display_name":"Logistic regression","score":0.5285940170288086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.528456449508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confusion","display_name":"Confusion","score":0.5241361260414124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4834478795528412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.4832618832588196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnostic-accuracy","display_name":"Diagnostic accuracy","score":0.4299084544181824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer","display_name":"Cancer","score":0.4162774682044983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3438887596130371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.2588236629962921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.16153132915496826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09389886260032654}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530470458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128581","display_name":"Breast cancer","level":3,"score":0.7598621845245361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.7588064074516296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138602881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2709591","display_name":"Confusion matrix","level":2,"score":0.723824679851532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7080588340759277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.671881914138794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6148191094398499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141404830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2823869","display_name":"AdaBoost","level":3,"score":0.614246666431427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.5285940170288086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.528456449508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781140086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557945","display_name":"Confusion","level":2,"score":0.5241361260414124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4834478795528412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.4832618832588196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020132585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2671652","display_name":"Diagnostic accuracy","level":2,"score":0.4299084544181824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.4162774682044983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3438887596130371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2588236629962921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.16153132915496826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09389886260032654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/eit57321.2023.10187257","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eit57321.2023.10187257","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Electro Information Technology (eIT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.7900000214576721}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W85009029","https://openalex.org/W1871050032","https://openalex.org/W2051381803","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2894754687","https://openalex.org/W2942902218","https://openalex.org/W2952319621","https://openalex.org/W2955915680","https://openalex.org/W2970152602","https://openalex.org/W2974878728","https://openalex.org/W3041598189","https://openalex.org/W3120740533","https://openalex.org/W6603410693"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4384520063","https://openalex.org/W4321636153","https://openalex.org/W4283313480","https://openalex.org/W4383535405","https://openalex.org/W4381414210","https://openalex.org/W4200057378","https://openalex.org/W4384345534","https://openalex.org/W4312983793","https://openalex.org/W3146991051","https://openalex.org/W4280583453"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Breast":[0],"cancer":[1,33,161],"is":[2,63,85,115],"a":[3,26,163],"leading":[4],"cause":[5],"of":[6,21,31,44,122,150,165],"death":[7],"among":[8],"women":[9],"worldwide.":[10],"Early":[11],"detection":[12],"and":[13,59,70,75,81,105,158],"diagnosis":[14,30,149],"are":[15],"crucial":[16],"to":[17,65,87,117,128],"improving":[18],"the":[19,29,41,67,78,89,119,136,144,148],"chances":[20],"survival.":[22],"This":[23,153],"paper":[24],"presents":[25],"study":[27,39],"on":[28],"breast":[32,151,160],"using":[34,48,139,162],"various":[35],"machine-learning":[36],"approaches.":[37],"The":[38,112],"includes":[40],"performance":[42],"evaluation":[43],"nine":[45],"different":[46],"techniques":[47],"confusion":[49],"matrix":[50],"accuracy":[51,93,121],"for":[52,92],"Sensitivity,":[53],"Specificity,":[54],"Precision,":[55],"PME,":[56,71],"PPV,":[57],"NPV,":[58],"Model":[60],"Accuracy.":[61],"AdaBoost":[62],"found":[64,86,116],"have":[66,118],"highest":[68,120],"Sensitivity":[69],"while":[72],"Random":[73,101],"Forest":[74,102,109],"MLP":[76],"gave":[77],"best":[79,90],"Specificity":[80],"Precision.":[82],"Logistic":[83],"Regression":[84],"be":[88],"model":[91],"with":[94,99,103,110],"97.8%,":[95],"followed":[96],"by":[97],"SVM":[98],"96.49%,":[100],"95.61%,":[104],"KNN":[106],"&":[107],"Decision":[108],"94.73%.":[111],"proposed":[113,137],"approach":[114,138,154],"97.80":[123],"<sup":[124],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[125],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">%</sup>":[126],"compared":[127],"other":[129],"approaches":[130],"studied.":[131],"Our":[132],"results":[133],"indicate":[134],"that":[135],"discretization":[140],"can":[141,155],"significantly":[142],"improve":[143],"signal-to-noise":[145],"ratio":[146],"in":[147],"cancer.":[152],"accurately":[156],"predict":[157],"diagnose":[159],"subset":[164],"features.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
