{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2009034501","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eit.2013.6632719","title":"A survey on rare earth doped optical fiber amplifiers","display_name":"A survey on rare earth doped optical fiber amplifiers","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2009034501","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eit.2013.6632719","mag":"2009034501"},"language":"es","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/eit.2013.6632719","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eit.2013.6632719","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE International Conference on Electro-Information Technology , EIT 2013","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047717811","display_name":"Mandana Norouzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5938-9847"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180949307","display_name":"Illinois Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037t3ry66","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mandana Norouzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, IL, USA","Dept of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Illinois Inst. of Technol., Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Illinois Inst. of Technol., Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046784136","display_name":"Pramith Badeka","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180949307","display_name":"Illinois Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037t3ry66","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pramith Badeka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, IL, USA","Dept of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Illinois Inst. of Technol., Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Illinois Inst. of Technol., Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003550373","display_name":"Pradnya Chahande","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180949307","display_name":"Illinois Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037t3ry66","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pradnya Chahande","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, IL, USA","Dept of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Illinois Inst. of Technol., Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Illinois Inst. of Technol., Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070166924","display_name":"Bruce E. Briley","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180949307","display_name":"Illinois Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037t3ry66","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruce Briley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, IL, USA","Dept of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Illinois Inst. of Technol., Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Illinois Inst. of Technol., Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4801,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68691433,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10846","display_name":"Photonic Crystal and Fiber Optics","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.5584083795547485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-noise-amplifier","display_name":"Low-noise amplifier","score":0.5547729134559631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-amplifier","display_name":"Optical amplifier","score":0.5381779074668884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5027370452880859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-fiber","display_name":"Optical fiber","score":0.4259454309940338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-optic-communication","display_name":"Fiber-optic communication","score":0.42021244764328003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-coupled-amplifier","display_name":"Direct-coupled amplifier","score":0.4165094494819641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-mode-optical-fiber","display_name":"Multi-mode optical fiber","score":0.3550233542919159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.35384589433670044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.34525638818740845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plastic-optical-fiber","display_name":"Plastic optical fiber","score":0.3186126947402954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.29793891310691833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.28231966495513916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operational-amplifier","display_name":"Operational amplifier","score":0.24495941400527954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.18766245245933533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.06926274299621582}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.5584083795547485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155332784","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151304","display_name":"Low-noise amplifier","level":4,"score":0.5547729134559631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101649071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1359305","display_name":"Optical amplifier","level":3,"score":0.5381779074668884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5027370452880859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.4259454309940338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86180272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1529430","display_name":"Fiber-optic communication","level":5,"score":0.42021244764328003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172218469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4477697","display_name":"Direct-coupled amplifier","level":5,"score":0.4165094494819641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101645829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1781857","display_name":"Multi-mode optical fiber","level":3,"score":0.3550233542919159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35384589433670044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.34525638818740845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203637571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812875","display_name":"Plastic optical fiber","level":4,"score":0.3186126947402954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.29793891310691833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.28231966495513916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145366948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178947","display_name":"Operational amplifier","level":4,"score":0.24495941400527954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18766245245933533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.06926274299621582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/eit.2013.6632719","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eit.2013.6632719","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE International Conference on Electro-Information Technology , EIT 2013","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W95051541","https://openalex.org/W1511694100","https://openalex.org/W1596764140","https://openalex.org/W1649627325","https://openalex.org/W1672033950","https://openalex.org/W1672366953","https://openalex.org/W1882048864","https://openalex.org/W1972841822","https://openalex.org/W1993446327","https://openalex.org/W2004098674","https://openalex.org/W2012989839","https://openalex.org/W2022694530","https://openalex.org/W2023358292","https://openalex.org/W2030494819","https://openalex.org/W2031612893","https://openalex.org/W2050582771","https://openalex.org/W2054702721","https://openalex.org/W2070389487","https://openalex.org/W2075301986","https://openalex.org/W2091963413","https://openalex.org/W2098685116","https://openalex.org/W2123636429","https://openalex.org/W2124031341","https://openalex.org/W2142311830","https://openalex.org/W2149333096","https://openalex.org/W2156037484","https://openalex.org/W2165189597","https://openalex.org/W2171267363","https://openalex.org/W4213345972","https://openalex.org/W6662892615","https://openalex.org/W6684080735"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3087851872","https://openalex.org/W2382878252","https://openalex.org/W1987207170","https://openalex.org/W2094357899","https://openalex.org/W2214240549","https://openalex.org/W3140563009","https://openalex.org/W2317396174","https://openalex.org/W1992064597","https://openalex.org/W2786524859","https://openalex.org/W1982941671"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,58,85],"rare-earth-doped":[1],"fiber":[2,33,42,89],"amplifier":[3,34,65,90],"(REDFA)":[4],"has":[5],"a":[6,19,46,104],"significant":[7,48,60],"role":[8,106],"in":[9,62,107,111],"the":[10,22,25,28,38,79,88,92,108,117],"development":[11,95],"of":[12,27,87,96,116],"worldwide":[13],"fiber-optic":[14],"networks.":[15],"This":[16],"paper":[17],"present":[18],"survey":[20],"on":[21],"introduction":[23],"to":[24],"history":[26],"rare":[29],"earth":[30],"doped":[31],"optical":[32,64],"as":[35,37,55],"well":[36],"context":[39],"within":[40],"which":[41],"amplifiers":[43],"are":[44,67,78],"having":[45],"very":[47],"commercial":[49],"impact":[50],"along":[51],"with":[52],"its":[53],"use":[54],"an":[56],"amplifier.":[57],"most":[59],"points":[61],"any":[63],"design":[66],"gain":[68,77],"and":[69,75,94,114],"noise":[70],"figure":[71],"(NF),":[72],"low":[73],"NF":[74],"high":[76],"main":[80],"features":[81],"for":[82],"optimum":[83],"REDFA.":[84],"emergence":[86],"indicates":[91],"invention":[93],"further":[97],"guided":[98],"wave":[99],"devices":[100],"that":[101],"should":[102],"play":[103],"major":[105],"continuing":[109],"increase":[110],"transmission":[112],"capacity":[113],"functionality":[115],"fibers.":[118]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
