{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2055029727","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eit.2012.6220769","title":"A 6to4 gateway with co-located NAT","display_name":"A 6to4 gateway with co-located NAT","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2055029727","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eit.2012.6220769","mag":"2055029727"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/eit.2012.6220769","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eit.2012.6220769","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE International Conference on Electro/Information Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006144837","display_name":"Anthony Tsetse","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4322298","display_name":"Towson University","ror":"https://ror.org/044w7a341","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony K. Tsetse","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer & Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD, U.S.A","Department of Computer & Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer & Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer & Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113690577","display_name":"Alexander L. Wijesinha","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4322298","display_name":"Towson University","ror":"https://ror.org/044w7a341","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander L. Wijesinha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer & Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD, U.S.A","Department of Computer & Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer & Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer & Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050235560","display_name":"Ramesh K. Karne","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4322298","display_name":"Towson University","ror":"https://ror.org/044w7a341","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramesh K. Karne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer & Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD, U.S.A","Department of Computer & Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer & Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer & Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024496101","display_name":"Alae Loukili","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4322298","display_name":"Towson University","ror":"https://ror.org/044w7a341","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alae Loukili","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer & Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD, U.S.A","Department of Computer & Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer & Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer & Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7495,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7489522,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10651","display_name":"IPv6, Mobility, Handover, Networks, Security","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10651","display_name":"IPv6, Mobility, Handover, Networks, Security","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10138","display_name":"Network Traffic and Congestion Control","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nat","display_name":"Nat","score":0.9068447351455688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ipv4","display_name":"IPv4","score":0.8204361796379089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ipv6","display_name":"IPv6","score":0.6921868324279785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6610402464866638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5938273668289185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gateway-address","display_name":"Gateway address","score":0.5712551474571228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.5568215847015381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nat-traversal","display_name":"NAT traversal","score":0.5283504128456116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-address-translation","display_name":"Network address translation","score":0.5201259255409241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gateway","display_name":"Gateway (web page)","score":0.5163156390190125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voice-over-ip","display_name":"Voice over IP","score":0.4957517087459564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linux-kernel","display_name":"Linux kernel","score":0.45382675528526306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-processor","display_name":"Network processor","score":0.44648152589797974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4017304480075836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/default-gateway","display_name":"Default gateway","score":0.38437581062316895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-protocol","display_name":"Internet Protocol","score":0.18853411078453064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.07203444838523865}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182516595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376660","display_name":"Nat","level":2,"score":0.9068447351455688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779233093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11103","display_name":"IPv4","level":4,"score":0.8204361796379089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84555802","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2551624","display_name":"IPv6","level":3,"score":0.6921868324279785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6610402464866638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5938273668289185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126608188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5527308","display_name":"Gateway address","level":3,"score":0.5712551474571228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.5568215847015381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113707754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581558","display_name":"NAT traversal","level":5,"score":0.5283504128456116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147873670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11182","display_name":"Network address translation","level":4,"score":0.5201259255409241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777710495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5527195","display_name":"Gateway (web page)","level":2,"score":0.5163156390190125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171246234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81945","display_name":"Voice over IP","level":3,"score":0.4957517087459564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C553261973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14579","display_name":"Linux kernel","level":2,"score":0.45382675528526306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74366991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2755335","display_name":"Network processor","level":3,"score":0.44648152589797974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4017304480075836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187713609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2465461","display_name":"Default gateway","level":2,"score":0.38437581062316895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35341882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8795","display_name":"Internet Protocol","level":3,"score":0.18853411078453064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.07203444838523865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/eit.2012.6220769","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eit.2012.6220769","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE International Conference on Electro/Information Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5299999713897705}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1585884980","https://openalex.org/W1624516956","https://openalex.org/W1664342854","https://openalex.org/W1720234221","https://openalex.org/W1746460114","https://openalex.org/W1786102454","https://openalex.org/W1981000578","https://openalex.org/W2100257453","https://openalex.org/W2100800154","https://openalex.org/W2123275576","https://openalex.org/W2158097360","https://openalex.org/W2164123596","https://openalex.org/W2182775013","https://openalex.org/W2235312398","https://openalex.org/W2283127614","https://openalex.org/W2284572460","https://openalex.org/W2290274703","https://openalex.org/W2505630732","https://openalex.org/W2737058386","https://openalex.org/W3103423061","https://openalex.org/W3147978637","https://openalex.org/W4213084262","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6637075627","https://openalex.org/W6637360728","https://openalex.org/W6637684074","https://openalex.org/W6638098665","https://openalex.org/W6670984045","https://openalex.org/W6686331601","https://openalex.org/W6689934573","https://openalex.org/W6695556569","https://openalex.org/W6695997495","https://openalex.org/W6696345534"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2061141964","https://openalex.org/W2351904588","https://openalex.org/W2362307446","https://openalex.org/W2347433199","https://openalex.org/W1017020311","https://openalex.org/W2365232376","https://openalex.org/W2378248814","https://openalex.org/W2385570779","https://openalex.org/W2368714215","https://openalex.org/W2055029727"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"IPv6":[0,37,78],"was":[1],"proposed":[2],"as":[3],"the":[4,11,19,23,30,69,82,107,134,139,151,234,241,278],"next-generation":[5],"IP":[6],"primarily":[7,48],"to":[8,41,43,61,74,99,273],"deal":[9],"with":[10,89,115,125,144,159,177,196,203,223,258,266],"problem":[12],"of":[13,22,29,84,106,138,153,208],"IPv4":[14,56,76],"address":[15],"depletion":[16],"caused":[17],"by":[18],"rapid":[20],"growth":[21],"Internet.":[24],"6to4":[25,64,86,95,113,142,154,167,195,215,264],"tunneling":[26],"is":[27,47,200,217],"one":[28],"currently":[31],"used":[32,272],"transition":[33],"mechanisms":[34],"for":[35,233,240,247],"enabling":[36],"devices":[38],"and":[39,65,77,96,110,136,148,162,168,179,182,186,238,260],"networks":[40,53],"connect":[42],"today's":[44],"Internet,":[45],"which":[46],"IPv4-based.":[49],"Since":[50],"most":[51],"internal":[52],"use":[54],"private":[55],"addresses,":[57],"it":[58],"becomes":[59],"necessary":[60],"provide":[62],"both":[63],"NAT":[66,97,118,165,169,199,206,229,269],"functionality":[67],"at":[68],"network":[70,275],"boundary":[71],"in":[72,155],"order":[73],"handle":[75],"traffic.":[79],"We":[80,132,174],"evaluate":[81],"performance":[83,105,152,193,221,245,276],"a":[85,90,111,116,122,145,156,160,163,197,204,210,213,224,227,248,252,267],"Linux":[87,108,211,242,253],"gateway":[88,109,114,143,216,237,254,265],"co-located":[91,117,146,161,198,225,259,268],"NAT.":[92],"To":[93],"enable":[94],"overhead":[98],"be":[100,271],"determined,":[101],"we":[102],"also":[103,149,183],"compare":[104,150],"compatible":[112],"that":[119,192],"runs":[120],"on":[121,171],"bare":[123,140,214,235,249],"PC":[124,141,236,250],"no":[126],"operating":[127],"system":[128],"or":[129,212],"kernel":[130],"installed.":[131],"describe":[133],"design":[135],"implementation":[137],"NAT,":[147],"test":[157],"LAN":[158],"decoupled":[164,205,228,261],"(where":[166],"run":[170],"different":[172],"devices).":[173],"conducted":[175],"experiments":[176],"HTTP":[178],"VoIP":[180],"traffic,":[181],"measured":[184],"RTT":[185],"CPU":[187],"utilization.":[188],"The":[189],"results":[190],"show":[191],"using":[194],"better":[201],"than":[202],"regardless":[207],"whether":[209],"used.":[218],"In":[219],"general,":[220],"improvements":[222,246],"versus":[226,251],"range":[230,255],"from":[231,256],"34%-57%":[232],"7%-45%":[239],"gateway.":[243],"Furthermore,":[244],"23%-86%":[257],"NATs.":[262],"A":[263],"can":[270],"improve":[274],"during":[277],"IPv6-IPv4":[279],"transition.":[280]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
