{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1991548381","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eit.2012.6220761","title":"Particle Swarm Optimization on a GPU","display_name":"Particle Swarm Optimization on a GPU","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1991548381","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eit.2012.6220761","mag":"1991548381"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/eit.2012.6220761","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eit.2012.6220761","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE International Conference on Electro/Information Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043055788","display_name":"M. I. Rabinovich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4499-5348"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135191193","display_name":"University of Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/052133d12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135191193"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55769427","display_name":"Indiana University \u2013 Purdue University Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/05gxnyn08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55769427","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mikhail Rabinovich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA","[Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135191193","https://openalex.org/I55769427"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55769427"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085019124","display_name":"Phillip Kainga","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135191193","display_name":"University of Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/052133d12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135191193"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55769427","display_name":"Indiana University \u2013 Purdue University Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/05gxnyn08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55769427","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phillip Kainga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA","[Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135191193","https://openalex.org/I55769427"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55769427"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038198427","display_name":"David Johnson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6187-6108"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135191193","display_name":"University of Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/052133d12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135191193"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55769427","display_name":"Indiana University \u2013 Purdue University Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/05gxnyn08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55769427","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA","[Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135191193","https://openalex.org/I55769427"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55769427"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086038443","display_name":"Brandon Shafer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135191193","display_name":"University of Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/052133d12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135191193"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55769427","display_name":"Indiana University \u2013 Purdue University Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/05gxnyn08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55769427","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brandon Shafer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA","[Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135191193","https://openalex.org/I55769427"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55769427"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100762136","display_name":"John J. Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5335-9071"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135191193","display_name":"University of Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/052133d12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135191193"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55769427","display_name":"Indiana University \u2013 Purdue University Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/05gxnyn08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55769427","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaehwan John Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA","[Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135191193","https://openalex.org/I55769427"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55769427"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109974163","display_name":"R.C. Eberhart","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135191193","display_name":"University of Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/052133d12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135191193"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55769427","display_name":"Indiana University \u2013 Purdue University Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/05gxnyn08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55769427","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rusell Eberhart","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA","[Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135191193","https://openalex.org/I55769427"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55769427"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4228,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94200059,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8100926280021667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.6610485911369324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics-processing-unit","display_name":"Graphics processing unit","score":0.6093618273735046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.499711275100708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curse-of-dimensionality","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","score":0.4976074993610382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-purpose-computing-on-graphics-processing-units","display_name":"General-purpose computing on graphics processing units","score":0.4675532579421997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.45801132917404175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Multi-swarm optimization","score":0.42036187648773193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.4107050597667694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cuda","display_name":"CUDA","score":0.41020888090133667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.3724873960018158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3583035171031952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.3559345006942749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2530830502510071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.22127431631088257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.11722874641418457}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8100926280021667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.6610485911369324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779851693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183484","display_name":"Graphics processing unit","level":2,"score":0.6093618273735046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.499711275100708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111030470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430460","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","level":2,"score":0.4976074993610382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50630238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q971505","display_name":"General-purpose computing on graphics processing units","level":3,"score":0.4675532579421997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.45801132917404175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122357587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934508","display_name":"Multi-swarm optimization","level":3,"score":0.42036187648773193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.4107050597667694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778119891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477690","display_name":"CUDA","level":2,"score":0.41020888090133667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3724873960018158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3583035171031952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3559345006942749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2530830502510071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.22127431631088257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.11722874641418457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/eit.2012.6220761","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eit.2012.6220761","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE International Conference on Electro/Information Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309016","display_name":"Butler University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gq3a412"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310263","display_name":"Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/05gxnyn08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W109371853","https://openalex.org/W1589326937","https://openalex.org/W2020736457","https://openalex.org/W2095595785","https://openalex.org/W2133988913","https://openalex.org/W2144323544","https://openalex.org/W2152195021","https://openalex.org/W2159887279","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4302769200"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963859303","https://openalex.org/W2364044215","https://openalex.org/W2389600408","https://openalex.org/W240129890","https://openalex.org/W3048701459","https://openalex.org/W2149078538","https://openalex.org/W2080146221","https://openalex.org/W2370314112","https://openalex.org/W1912958759","https://openalex.org/W2792081825"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Optimization":[0,39],"problems":[1,31,97],"that":[2,25,88],"contain":[3],"discontinuities,":[4],"non-linearity,":[5],"or":[6],"high":[7],"dimensionality":[8],"are":[9],"difficult":[10],"to":[11,54],"solve":[12],"and":[13],"time":[14],"consuming":[15],"using":[16,32],"conventional":[17],"computational":[18],"methods.":[19],"This":[20,61,82],"paper":[21],"introduces":[22],"a":[23,33,55,75,85],"tool":[24,87],"solves":[26],"these":[27],"kinds":[28],"of":[29,101],"optimization":[30,96],"patent":[34],"pending":[35],"Gaming":[36],"Particle":[37],"Swarm":[38],"(GPSO)":[40],"algorithm":[41],"implemented":[42,63],"on":[43,64],"Graphics":[44],"Processing":[45],"Unit":[46],"(GPU)":[47],"hardware.":[48],"Our":[49],"study":[50,83],"applied":[51],"this":[52],"utility":[53],"radio":[56],"frequency":[57],"resource":[58],"allocation":[59],"optimizer.":[60],"tool,":[62],"an":[65],"Nvidia":[66],"GTX":[67],"465,":[68],"resulted":[69],"in":[70],"5X":[71],"performance":[72],"gain":[73],"over":[74],"state-of-the-art":[76],"AMD":[77],"Phenom":[78],"3.4GHz":[79],"quad-core":[80],"CPU.":[81],"provides":[84],"powerful":[86],"may":[89],"be":[90],"used":[91],"for":[92,108],"solving":[93],"various":[94],"multi-disciplinary":[95],"such":[98],"as":[99,114,116],"training":[100],"artificial":[102],"neural":[103],"networks,":[104,113],"function":[105],"maximization/minimization,":[106],"autotuning":[107],"universal":[109],"mobile":[110],"telecommunication":[111],"system":[112],"well":[115],"scheduling.":[117]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
