{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4280617057","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/educon52537.2022.9766791","title":"Preparing Future SQA Professionals: An Experience Report of Metamorphic Exploration of an Autonomous Driving System","display_name":"Preparing Future SQA Professionals: An Experience Report of Metamorphic Exploration of an Autonomous Driving System","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4280617057","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/educon52537.2022.9766791"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/educon52537.2022.9766791","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/educon52537.2022.9766791","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607828","display_name":"2022 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100376960","display_name":"Yifan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1289-2192"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13591777","display_name":"University of Nottingham Ningbo China","ror":"https://ror.org/03y4dt428","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13591777","https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yifan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Nottingham Ningbo China,School of Computer Science,Ningbo,Zhejiang,People’s Republic of China,315100","s Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Nottingham Ningbo China,School of Computer Science,Ningbo,Zhejiang,People’s Republic of China,315100","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13591777"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"s Republic of China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035106628","display_name":"Matthew Pike","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1543-0148"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13591777","display_name":"University of Nottingham Ningbo China","ror":"https://ror.org/03y4dt428","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13591777","https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Pike","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Nottingham Ningbo China,School of Computer Science,Ningbo,Zhejiang,People’s Republic of China,315100","s Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Nottingham Ningbo China,School of Computer Science,Ningbo,Zhejiang,People’s Republic of China,315100","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13591777"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"s Republic of China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049154334","display_name":"Dave Towey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0877-4353"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13591777","display_name":"University of Nottingham Ningbo China","ror":"https://ror.org/03y4dt428","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13591777","https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dave Towey","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Nottingham Ningbo China,School of Computer Science,Ningbo,Zhejiang,People’s Republic of China,315100","s Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Nottingham Ningbo China,School of Computer Science,Ningbo,Zhejiang,People’s Republic of China,315100","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13591777"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"s Republic of China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016897638","display_name":"Jia Cheng Han","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204824540","display_name":"University of Wollongong","ror":"https://ror.org/00jtmb277","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia Cheng Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Cybersecurity and Cryptology, University of Wollongong,School of Computing and Information Technology,Wollongong,NSW,Australia,2522"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Cybersecurity and Cryptology, University of Wollongong,School of Computing and Information Technology,Wollongong,NSW,Australia,2522","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069910503","display_name":"Zhi Quan Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1769-9367"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204824540","display_name":"University of Wollongong","ror":"https://ror.org/00jtmb277","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhi Quan Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Cybersecurity and Cryptology, University of Wollongong,School of Computing and Information Technology,Wollongong,NSW,Australia,2522"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Cybersecurity and Cryptology, University of Wollongong,School of Computing and Information Technology,Wollongong,NSW,Australia,2522","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100376960"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13591777"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6472,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66259169,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2121","last_page":"2126"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5929702520370483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4850105941295624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-quality","display_name":"Software quality","score":0.4112662672996521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.4080023765563965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.3261263966560364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.21717193722724915}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5929702520370483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4850105941295624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117447612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412670","display_name":"Software quality","level":4,"score":0.4112662672996521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4080023765563965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3261263966560364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.21717193722724915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/educon52537.2022.9766791","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/educon52537.2022.9766791","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607828","display_name":"2022 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ro.uow.edu.au:test2021-10885","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ro.uow.edu.au/test2021/5338","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400510","display_name":"Research Online (University of Wollongong)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I204824540","host_organization_name":"University of Wollongong","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Test Series for Scopus Harvesting 2021","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/27807543","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/27807543","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1104960690","https://openalex.org/W2022396819","https://openalex.org/W2041713059","https://openalex.org/W2048782116","https://openalex.org/W2067676171","https://openalex.org/W2098931293","https://openalex.org/W2110441383","https://openalex.org/W2147917263","https://openalex.org/W2148591112","https://openalex.org/W2150066425","https://openalex.org/W2244052174","https://openalex.org/W2324595780","https://openalex.org/W2588381105","https://openalex.org/W2750009193","https://openalex.org/W2771224202","https://openalex.org/W2785340633","https://openalex.org/W2884634491","https://openalex.org/W2896505116","https://openalex.org/W2903744551","https://openalex.org/W2917321477","https://openalex.org/W2963327228","https://openalex.org/W3047375952","https://openalex.org/W3093889343","https://openalex.org/W4239084643","https://openalex.org/W6753596642","https://openalex.org/W6758283773","https://openalex.org/W6784641808","https://openalex.org/W7073554479"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2130043461","https://openalex.org/W2530322880","https://openalex.org/W1596801655"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Computing":[0],"systems":[1],"are":[2,18,94],"becoming":[3],"increasingly":[4],"complex":[5,164],"and":[6,15,26,44,53,90,178,186,191],"sophisticated.":[7],"Technologies":[8],"such":[9,163],"as":[10],"artificial":[11],"intelligence,":[12],"big":[13],"data,":[14],"autonomous":[16,127],"vehicles":[17],"pushing":[19],"the":[20,37,64,108,112,124,151],"boundaries":[21],"of":[22,66,75,81,101,107,170],"system":[23,129],"size,":[24],"complexity,":[25],"comprehensibility":[27],"beyond":[28],"anything":[29],"seen":[30],"before.":[31],"These":[32],"advances,":[33],"however,":[34],"have":[35,98],"left":[36],"associated":[38,110],"software":[39,68],"quality":[40],"assurance":[41],"(SQA)":[42],"tools":[43],"processes":[45],"behind.":[46],"This":[47,116],"is":[48],"compounded":[49],"by":[50],"many":[51,80],"training":[52],"education":[54],"programs":[55],"also":[56,181],"not":[57,172],"attempting":[58],"to":[59,104,144,155,159,174,182,188],"address":[60],"this":[61],"inadequacy":[62],"in":[63,138],"preparation":[65],"future":[67],"engineering":[69],"professionals.":[70],"We":[71],"face":[72],"a":[73,99,146],"situation":[74],"extensively-deployed":[76],"advanced":[77,113],"computing":[78],"systems,":[79],"which":[82,140,149],"lack":[83],"sufficient":[84],"SQA":[85,95,161,184,189],"support.":[86],"Metamorphic":[87,91],"Testing":[88],"(MT)":[89],"Exploration":[92],"(ME)":[93],"approaches":[96],"that":[97],"record":[100],"being":[102],"able":[103],"alleviate":[105],"some":[106],"challenges":[109],"with":[111,123],"computer":[114],"systems.":[115,165],"paper":[117],"reports":[118],"on":[119,162],"an":[120,135],"MT/ME":[121],"experience":[122,132],"Baidu":[125],"Apollo":[126],"driving":[128],"(ADS).":[130],"The":[131,166],"included":[133],"identifying":[134],"apparent":[136],"problem":[137],"Apollo,":[139],"was":[141],"later":[142],"confirmed":[143],"be":[145,169],"misunderstanding,":[147],"but":[148,180],"illustrated":[150],"potential":[152],"for":[153],"ME":[154],"scaffold":[156],"learning":[157],"how":[158],"perform":[160],"report":[167],"will":[168],"benefit":[171],"only":[173],"other":[175,183],"ADS":[176],"developers":[177],"testers,":[179],"professionals,":[185],"especially":[187],"trainers":[190],"educators.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}