{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2026222769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/educon.2015.7096023","title":"Computing education in K-12 schools: A review of the literature","display_name":"Computing education in K-12 schools: A review of the literature","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2026222769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/educon.2015.7096023","mag":"2026222769"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/educon.2015.7096023","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/educon.2015.7096023","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001349590","display_name":"Varvara Garneli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9137-9316"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187792471","display_name":"Ionian University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xm4n520","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187792471"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Varvara Garneli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, Ionian University, Corfu, Greece","Dept of Informatics, Ionian University, Corfu, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, Ionian University, Corfu, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187792471"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Informatics, Ionian University, Corfu, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187792471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029977269","display_name":"Michail N. Giannakos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8016-6208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michail N. Giannakos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056322327","display_name":"Konstantinos Chorianopoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5999-9387"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187792471","display_name":"Ionian University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xm4n520","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187792471"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Konstantinos Chorianopoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, Ionian University, Corfu, Greece","Dept of Informatics, Ionian University, Corfu, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, Ionian University, Corfu, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187792471"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Informatics, Ionian University, Corfu, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187792471"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.6561,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":100,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96259312,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"543","last_page":"551"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.9623000025749207,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9521999955177307,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorization","display_name":"Categorization","score":0.6869113445281982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6724749803543091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6638476848602295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5475503206253052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.5110732316970825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.49609217047691345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.47768980264663696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4746970534324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.24189788103103638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.17499825358390808}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.6869113445281982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6724749803543091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6638476848602295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5475503206253052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.5110732316970825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.49609217047691345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.47768980264663696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4746970534324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.24189788103103638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.17499825358390808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/educon.2015.7096023","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/educon.2015.7096023","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8500000238418579,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":77,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W80438793","https://openalex.org/W119427780","https://openalex.org/W173241967","https://openalex.org/W1509940907","https://openalex.org/W1540985729","https://openalex.org/W1560056355","https://openalex.org/W1596385773","https://openalex.org/W1965299423","https://openalex.org/W1969753454","https://openalex.org/W1975464614","https://openalex.org/W1978456129","https://openalex.org/W1978659214","https://openalex.org/W1983904949","https://openalex.org/W1985037427","https://openalex.org/W1986370155","https://openalex.org/W1994519976","https://openalex.org/W2002990698","https://openalex.org/W2004004173","https://openalex.org/W2009569506","https://openalex.org/W2012761058","https://openalex.org/W2014261905","https://openalex.org/W2026323048","https://openalex.org/W2027900005","https://openalex.org/W2032875653","https://openalex.org/W2042551421","https://openalex.org/W2046555083","https://openalex.org/W2049399746","https://openalex.org/W2050288851","https://openalex.org/W2060486579","https://openalex.org/W2068086207","https://openalex.org/W2070390985","https://openalex.org/W2072646198","https://openalex.org/W2075357920","https://openalex.org/W2075598910","https://openalex.org/W2075691326","https://openalex.org/W2082646895","https://openalex.org/W2085998145","https://openalex.org/W2087542281","https://openalex.org/W2088592347","https://openalex.org/W2089423963","https://openalex.org/W2090545067","https://openalex.org/W2091586920","https://openalex.org/W2092431675","https://openalex.org/W2094649724","https://openalex.org/W2097163846","https://openalex.org/W2100029531","https://openalex.org/W2100601483","https://openalex.org/W2114877339","https://openalex.org/W2116163569","https://openalex.org/W2118375539","https://openalex.org/W2118510389","https://openalex.org/W2122581059","https://openalex.org/W2125689716","https://openalex.org/W2140612646","https://openalex.org/W2141682746","https://openalex.org/W2146739377","https://openalex.org/W2147070375","https://openalex.org/W2147399564","https://openalex.org/W2149109557","https://openalex.org/W2155200465","https://openalex.org/W2160835417","https://openalex.org/W2200560716","https://openalex.org/W2222301153","https://openalex.org/W2274725546","https://openalex.org/W2290826927","https://openalex.org/W2339183141","https://openalex.org/W2339354324","https://openalex.org/W2726769355","https://openalex.org/W3006638558","https://openalex.org/W3006966020","https://openalex.org/W3030373777","https://openalex.org/W4255149377","https://openalex.org/W6603297312","https://openalex.org/W6606956863","https://openalex.org/W6632567022","https://openalex.org/W6673839711","https://openalex.org/W6696633527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2165912799","https://openalex.org/W2735662278","https://openalex.org/W2361278909","https://openalex.org/W2352536444","https://openalex.org/W2349982312","https://openalex.org/W2388605575","https://openalex.org/W3034765317","https://openalex.org/W2369577326","https://openalex.org/W2335190812","https://openalex.org/W4214937936"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"During":[0],"the":[1,5,28,32,42,51,55,90,102,110,115,120,126,130,133,154,156,189,210],"last":[2,111],"few":[3],"years,":[4],"focus":[6],"of":[7,34,57,78,94,98,104,132,188,209],"computer":[8],"science":[9],"education":[10,37,165],"(CSE)":[11],"in":[12,38,54,59,106,150,163],"primary":[13],"and":[14,47,72,86,113,140,147,170,183,191],"secondary":[15],"schools":[16,107],"(shortly":[17],"K-12)":[18],"have":[19],"reached":[20],"a":[21,68,76,206],"significant":[22,207],"turning":[23],"point.":[24],"This":[25],"study":[26],"reviews":[27],"published":[29],"papers":[30,128],"on":[31,75],"field":[33],"K-12":[35,60,151,164],"computing":[36,161],"order":[39],"to":[40,179,196],"summarize":[41],"findings,":[43],"guide":[44],"future":[45],"studies":[46],"give":[48],"reflections":[49],"for":[50],"major":[52],"achievements":[53],"area":[56],"CSE":[58,105],"schools.":[61],"47":[62],"peer-reviewed":[63],"articles":[64],"were":[65],"collected":[66],"from":[67,129],"systematic":[69],"literature":[70],"search":[71],"analyzed,":[73],"based":[74],"categorization":[77],"their":[79,198],"main":[80,91],"elements.":[81],"Programming":[82],"tools,":[83],"educational":[84,148],"context,":[85],"instructional":[87,135],"methods":[88,136],"are":[89],"examined":[92],"categories":[93],"this":[95,99],"research.":[96],"Results":[97],"survey":[100],"show":[101],"direction":[103],"research":[108],"during":[109],"years":[112],"summarized":[114],"benefits":[116],"as":[117,119],"well":[118],"challenges.":[121],"In":[122,174],"particular,":[123],"we":[124,176],"analyzed":[125],"selected":[127],"perspective":[131],"various":[134,186],"aiming":[137],"at":[138],"introducing":[139],"enhancing":[141],"learning,":[142],"using":[143],"several":[144],"programming":[145],"tools":[146],"context":[149],"CSE.":[152],"Despite":[153],"challenges,":[155],"findings":[157],"suggest":[158,177],"that":[159],"implementing":[160],"lessons":[162],"could":[166],"be":[167,205],"an":[168],"enjoyable":[169],"effective":[171],"learning":[172,182,211],"experience.":[173],"addition,":[175],"ways":[178],"facilitate":[180],"deep":[181],"deal":[184],"with":[185],"implications":[187],"formal":[190],"informal":[192],"education.":[193],"Encouraging":[194],"students":[195],"create":[197],"own":[199],"projects":[200],"or":[201],"solve":[202],"problems":[203],"should":[204],"part":[208],"process.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}