{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2093463902","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/educon.2014.6826078","title":"An experimental study on UML Modeling errors and their causes in the education of model driven PLC programming","display_name":"An experimental study on UML Modeling errors and their causes in the education of model driven PLC programming","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2093463902","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/educon.2014.6826078","mag":"2093463902"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/educon.2014.6826078","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/educon.2014.6826078","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://mediatum.ub.tum.de/node?id=1236590","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038851725","display_name":"Kerstin C. Duschl","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157642","display_name":"Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/056qj1t15","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157642","https://openalex.org/I78650965"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kerstin Duschl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automation and Information Systems, Technische Universit\u00e4t, Garching, Germany","Institute of Automation and Information Systems, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, 85748 Garching, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automation and Information Systems, Technische Universit\u00e4t, Garching, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157642"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automation and Information Systems, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, 85748 Garching, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508","https://openalex.org/I4210157642"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051477244","display_name":"Martin Obermeier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2511-9553"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157642","display_name":"Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/056qj1t15","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157642","https://openalex.org/I78650965"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Obermeier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automation and Information Systems, Technische Universit\u00e4t, Garching, Germany","Institute of Automation and Information Systems, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, 85748 Garching, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automation and Information Systems, Technische Universit\u00e4t, Garching, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157642"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automation and Information Systems, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, 85748 Garching, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508","https://openalex.org/I4210157642"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071323487","display_name":"Birgit Vogel\u2010Heuser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2785-8819"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157642","display_name":"Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/056qj1t15","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157642","https://openalex.org/I78650965"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Birgit Vogel-Heuser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automation and Information Systems, Technische Universit\u00e4t, Garching, Germany","Institute of Automation and Information Systems, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, 85748 Garching, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automation and Information Systems, Technische Universit\u00e4t, Garching, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157642"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automation and Information Systems, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, 85748 Garching, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508","https://openalex.org/I4210157642"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4515,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70499749,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"119","last_page":"128"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unified-modeling-language","display_name":"Unified Modeling Language","score":0.8245441913604736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applications-of-uml","display_name":"Applications of UML","score":0.7949637174606323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7290445566177368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uml-tool","display_name":"UML tool","score":0.70929354429245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.5634936094284058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-modeling-language","display_name":"Systems Modeling Language","score":0.5410427451133728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.4799690246582031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.46227627992630005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-constraint-language","display_name":"Object Constraint Language","score":0.45902925729751587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.44899529218673706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modeling-language","display_name":"Modeling language","score":0.4454593360424042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.43055835366249084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.2475496530532837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.1412947177886963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13917085528373718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.08279299736022949}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145644426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169411","display_name":"Unified Modeling Language","level":3,"score":0.8245441913604736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41298492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4781506","display_name":"Applications of UML","level":4,"score":0.7949637174606323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7290445566177368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146939238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2467310","display_name":"UML tool","level":4,"score":0.70929354429245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.5634936094284058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21285288","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2117885","display_name":"Systems Modeling Language","level":4,"score":0.5410427451133728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.4799690246582031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.46227627992630005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133264317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397689","display_name":"Object Constraint Language","level":5,"score":0.45902925729751587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.44899529218673706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179603123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1941921","display_name":"Modeling language","level":3,"score":0.4454593360424042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.43055835366249084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.2475496530532837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.1412947177886963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13917085528373718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.08279299736022949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/educon.2014.6826078","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/educon.2014.6826078","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mediatum.ub.tum.de:node/1236590","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://mediatum.ub.tum.de/node?id=1236590","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400453","display_name":"mediaTUM \u2013 the media and publications repository of the Technical University Munich (Technical University Munich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Munich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:mediatum.ub.tum.de:node/1236590","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://mediatum.ub.tum.de/node?id=1236590","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400453","display_name":"mediaTUM \u2013 the media and publications repository of the Technical University Munich (Technical University Munich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Munich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","display_name":"No poverty","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1485705743","https://openalex.org/W1497393863","https://openalex.org/W1526630818","https://openalex.org/W1556527633","https://openalex.org/W1568180417","https://openalex.org/W1597828109","https://openalex.org/W1610176988","https://openalex.org/W1967913869","https://openalex.org/W1970497576","https://openalex.org/W1972649825","https://openalex.org/W1988578421","https://openalex.org/W1990180156","https://openalex.org/W1993139624","https://openalex.org/W1998898039","https://openalex.org/W2003063822","https://openalex.org/W2007645058","https://openalex.org/W2008512308","https://openalex.org/W2016900109","https://openalex.org/W2022543176","https://openalex.org/W2028918116","https://openalex.org/W2030470921","https://openalex.org/W2035091189","https://openalex.org/W2050240546","https://openalex.org/W2062844155","https://openalex.org/W2066327708","https://openalex.org/W2075249440","https://openalex.org/W2081428746","https://openalex.org/W2083656160","https://openalex.org/W2085736663","https://openalex.org/W2109294629","https://openalex.org/W2109395154","https://openalex.org/W2115121100","https://openalex.org/W2125736245","https://openalex.org/W2140561553","https://openalex.org/W2144923871","https://openalex.org/W2147070375","https://openalex.org/W2163314677","https://openalex.org/W2174896420","https://openalex.org/W2189207063","https://openalex.org/W2315761891","https://openalex.org/W2408207293","https://openalex.org/W2484785720","https://openalex.org/W2594631681","https://openalex.org/W2735935755","https://openalex.org/W2740557169","https://openalex.org/W2810929306","https://openalex.org/W4210622789","https://openalex.org/W4210651582","https://openalex.org/W4239646424","https://openalex.org/W4243216998","https://openalex.org/W6628980401","https://openalex.org/W6629874368","https://openalex.org/W6631390162","https://openalex.org/W6633371175","https://openalex.org/W6634029205","https://openalex.org/W6635622768","https://openalex.org/W6642035867","https://openalex.org/W6684269450","https://openalex.org/W6687028832","https://openalex.org/W6734380302","https://openalex.org/W6742246848","https://openalex.org/W6752846440","https://openalex.org/W7058254482"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1991550997","https://openalex.org/W4241150048","https://openalex.org/W4230811716","https://openalex.org/W1601767717","https://openalex.org/W1529433638","https://openalex.org/W1495459135","https://openalex.org/W1590042856","https://openalex.org/W2351105263","https://openalex.org/W2392286116","https://openalex.org/W2394049954"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Based":[0],"on":[1,4],"previous":[2],"studies":[3],"programming":[5],"errors":[6],"and":[7,23,34,42],"their":[8,36,89],"causes,":[9],"the":[10,18,48,61,67,72,76,79,93,121,129],"presented":[11],"study":[12],"examines":[13],"UML":[14,81,97],"modeling":[15,69,102,125,131],"failures":[16],"in":[17,78],"area":[19],"of":[20,44,60,92,109,128],"teaching":[21],"machine":[22],"plant":[24],"automation":[25],"that":[26],"were":[27],"made":[28],"by":[29,53],"102":[30],"mechanical":[31],"engineering":[32],"students":[33],"analyzes":[35],"reasons.":[37],"Though":[38],"poor":[39],"concentration,":[40],"misunderstandings":[41],"overlooking":[43],"key":[45],"aspects":[46],"within":[47],"task":[49],"have":[50],"been":[51],"mentioned":[52],"about":[54],"one":[55,58],"third":[56],"to":[57,84,87,106],"fifth":[59],"subjects,":[62],"they":[63],"could":[64],"not":[65],"explain":[66],"objective":[68],"performance.":[70],"Instead,":[71],"main":[73],"reason":[74],"for":[75],"shortcomings":[77],"subjects'":[80],"models":[82],"seems":[83],"be":[85],"difficulties":[86],"\u201ctranslate\u201d":[88],"mental":[90],"model":[91],"system":[94],"into":[95],"an":[96],"model.":[98],"In":[99],"particular,":[100],"structure":[101,124],"was":[103,112],"quite":[104],"difficult":[105],"handle.":[107],"Lack":[108],"time":[110],"also":[111],"a":[113],"problem,":[114],"but":[115],"resulted":[116],"primarily":[117],"from":[118],"starting":[119],"with":[120],"rather":[122],"complicated":[123],"part":[126],"instead":[127],"behavior":[130],"part.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}