{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2463692710","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecrime.2017.7945053","title":"All your cards are belong to us: Understanding online carding forums","display_name":"All your cards are belong to us: Understanding online carding forums","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2463692710","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecrime.2017.7945053","mag":"2463692710"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ecrime.2017.7945053","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecrime.2017.7945053","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 APWG Symposium on Electronic Crime Research (eCrime)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1607.00117","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002027720","display_name":"Andreas Haslebacher","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Haslebacher","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London","University College, London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071230789","display_name":"Jeremiah Onaolapo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1162-4110"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeremiah Onaolapo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London","University College, London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046881273","display_name":"Gianluca Stringhini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6162-578X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gianluca Stringhini","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London","University College, London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002027720"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.55981704,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70552658,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"41","last_page":"51"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12519","display_name":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12519","display_name":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11838","display_name":"Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carding","display_name":"Carding","score":0.8930879831314087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reputation","display_name":"Reputation","score":0.7892528772354126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.6231325268745422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reputation-management","display_name":"Reputation management","score":0.46852654218673706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-evidence","display_name":"Empirical evidence","score":0.4439528286457062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.39127805829048157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advertising","display_name":"Advertising","score":0.3485914468765259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.19404563307762146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.13245943188667297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1241174042224884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.07888767123222351}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780744312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411858","display_name":"Carding","level":2,"score":0.8930879831314087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48798503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877546","display_name":"Reputation","level":2,"score":0.7892528772354126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6231325268745422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985362895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q478594","display_name":"Reputation management","level":3,"score":0.46852654218673706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166052673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83021","display_name":"Empirical evidence","level":2,"score":0.4439528286457062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.39127805829048157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.3485914468765259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.19404563307762146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.13245943188667297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1241174042224884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.07888767123222351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ecrime.2017.7945053","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecrime.2017.7945053","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 APWG Symposium on Electronic Crime Research (eCrime)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1607.00117","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1607.00117","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1607.00117","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2463692710","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1607.00117.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:1504832","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1504832/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"     In:  Electronic Crime Research (eCrime), 2017 APWG Symposium on.    IEEE: Scottsdale, AZ, USA. (2017)     ","raw_type":"Proceedings paper"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1607.00117","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1607.00117","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1607.00117","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1607.00117","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1607.00117","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4568559407","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/N008448/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2463692710.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2463692710.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1484003379","https://openalex.org/W1966021833","https://openalex.org/W1972791208","https://openalex.org/W2004621612","https://openalex.org/W2007118926","https://openalex.org/W2009229808","https://openalex.org/W2026195300","https://openalex.org/W2042830765","https://openalex.org/W2061280906","https://openalex.org/W2080429116","https://openalex.org/W2113341218","https://openalex.org/W2122551442","https://openalex.org/W2134385885","https://openalex.org/W2149236908","https://openalex.org/W2153532176","https://openalex.org/W2269520727","https://openalex.org/W2495607404","https://openalex.org/W2550183133","https://openalex.org/W2607106037","https://openalex.org/W2912293881","https://openalex.org/W4230732152","https://openalex.org/W4237010783","https://openalex.org/W6679886283","https://openalex.org/W6693548710"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2963923811","https://openalex.org/W2097150286","https://openalex.org/W2602863636","https://openalex.org/W1535265891","https://openalex.org/W2608114461","https://openalex.org/W338733410","https://openalex.org/W2807603386","https://openalex.org/W2160841361","https://openalex.org/W317545429","https://openalex.org/W2148443007","https://openalex.org/W3090990135","https://openalex.org/W2763796348","https://openalex.org/W2154327323","https://openalex.org/W3162061249","https://openalex.org/W2979096226","https://openalex.org/W3143482593","https://openalex.org/W1500246379","https://openalex.org/W1591770154","https://openalex.org/W2496644016","https://openalex.org/W2994366786"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Underground":[0],"online":[1],"forums":[2,68,80,95,114],"are":[3,18,35,69],"platforms":[4],"that":[5,34,81],"enable":[6],"trades":[7],"of":[8,43,61,106],"illicit":[9],"services":[10],"and":[11,47,59,119,123,136],"stolen":[12,97],"goods.":[13],"Carding":[14],"forums,":[15,39,109],"in":[16],"particular,":[17],"known":[19],"for":[20],"being":[21],"focused":[22,126],"on":[23,37,56,66,72,93,129],"trading":[24],"financial":[25,98],"information.":[26],"However,":[27],"little":[28],"evidence":[29,92],"exists":[30],"about":[31],"the":[32,40,48,57,62,113],"sellers":[33],"present":[36],"carding":[38,67],"precise":[41],"types":[42],"products":[44],"they":[45],"advertise,":[46],"prices":[49],"buyers":[50],"pay.":[51],"Existing":[52],"literature":[53,73],"mainly":[54],"focuses":[55],"organisation":[58],"structure":[60],"forums.":[63],"Furthermore,":[64],"studies":[65],"usually":[70],"based":[71],"review,":[74],"expert":[75],"interviews,":[76],"or":[77],"data":[78,99],"from":[79,112],"have":[82],"already":[83],"been":[84],"shut":[85],"down.":[86],"This":[87],"paper":[88],"provides":[89],"first-of-its-kind":[90],"empirical":[91],"active":[94],"where":[96],"is":[100],"traded.":[101],"We":[102,125],"monitored":[103],"5":[104],"out":[105],"25":[107],"discovered":[108],"collected":[110],"posts":[111],"over":[115],"a":[116],"three-month":[117],"period,":[118],"analysed":[120],"them":[121],"quantitatively":[122],"qualitatively.":[124],"our":[127],"analyses":[128],"products,":[130],"prices,":[131],"seller":[132,134,137],"prolificacy,":[133],"specialisation,":[135],"reputation.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-02-09T09:26:11.010843","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}