{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2900658882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecoc.2018.8535181","title":"Optical Modulator with the Digitized Transfer Function for Multilevel Amplitude Shift Keying","display_name":"Optical Modulator with the Digitized Transfer Function for Multilevel Amplitude Shift Keying","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2900658882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecoc.2018.8535181","mag":"2900658882"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ecoc.2018.8535181","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecoc.2018.8535181","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006511162","display_name":"Yuya Yamaguchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4457-8333"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90023481","display_name":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/016bgq349","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90023481"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuya Yamaguchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90023481"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066636507","display_name":"Atsushi Kanno","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3384-8991"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90023481","display_name":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/016bgq349","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90023481"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Atsushi Kanno","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90023481"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101478328","display_name":"Naokatsu Yamamoto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4073-1355"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90023481","display_name":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/016bgq349","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90023481"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naokatsu Yamamoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90023481"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069072922","display_name":"Tetsuya Kawanishi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9724-8878"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90023481","display_name":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/016bgq349","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90023481"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tetsuya Kawanishi","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90023481"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90023481"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"3"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude-shift-keying","display_name":"Amplitude-shift keying","score":0.8333356380462646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keying","display_name":"Keying","score":0.6335003972053528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.6211168169975281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude","display_name":"Amplitude","score":0.6130587458610535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude-and-phase-shift-keying","display_name":"Amplitude and phase-shift keying","score":0.5802635550498962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.5663021802902222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-function","display_name":"Transfer function","score":0.5450258255004883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electro-optic-modulator","display_name":"Electro-optic modulator","score":0.5409629344940186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.5072305202484131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ask-price","display_name":"Ask price","score":0.4821067154407501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Amplitude modulation","score":0.4764178991317749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-transfer-function","display_name":"Optical transfer function","score":0.47372785210609436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-modulation-amplitude","display_name":"Optical modulation amplitude","score":0.4535937011241913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.44925838708877563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","score":0.44511258602142334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.41127872467041016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-modulator","display_name":"Optical modulator","score":0.3852081894874573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.38052019476890564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3413732051849365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3383777141571045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift-keying","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","score":0.3019028306007385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-modulation","display_name":"Phase modulation","score":0.24003151059150696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-modulation","display_name":"Frequency modulation","score":0.23089081048965454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17165270447731018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.16261142492294312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.13086041808128357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.12216612696647644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-amplifier","display_name":"Optical amplifier","score":0.11584162712097168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.11317387223243713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.07620665431022644}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777973058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477284","display_name":"Amplitude-shift keying","level":5,"score":0.8333356380462646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776542216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398306","display_name":"Keying","level":2,"score":0.6335003972053528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.6211168169975281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.6130587458610535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127240579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477229","display_name":"Amplitude and phase-shift keying","level":5,"score":0.5802635550498962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.5663021802902222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81299745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334269","display_name":"Transfer function","level":2,"score":0.5450258255004883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90596186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1747700","display_name":"Electro-optic modulator","level":5,"score":0.5409629344940186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5072305202484131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90329073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q914232","display_name":"Ask price","level":2,"score":0.4821067154407501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201905106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183755","display_name":"Amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.4764178991317749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175231954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1942321","display_name":"Optical transfer function","level":2,"score":0.47372785210609436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50831002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098873","display_name":"Optical modulation amplitude","level":4,"score":0.4535937011241913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44925838708877563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32409245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749753","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.44511258602142334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.41127872467041016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193690875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q906767","display_name":"Optical modulator","level":4,"score":0.3852081894874573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.38052019476890564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3413732051849365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3383777141571045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186378180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4874866","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.3019028306007385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96834759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750463","display_name":"Phase modulation","level":3,"score":0.24003151059150696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11930861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181417","display_name":"Frequency modulation","level":3,"score":0.23089081048965454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17165270447731018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.16261142492294312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.13086041808128357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.12216612696647644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101649071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1359305","display_name":"Optical amplifier","level":3,"score":0.11584162712097168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.11317387223243713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.07620665431022644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ecoc.2018.8535181","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecoc.2018.8535181","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325628","display_name":"Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/00vs1pz50"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2208980477","https://openalex.org/W2560923328","https://openalex.org/W2736387589","https://openalex.org/W2771642247","https://openalex.org/W2792028666","https://openalex.org/W2798453851","https://openalex.org/W6745914897"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2052853460","https://openalex.org/W1863328282","https://openalex.org/W2102388612","https://openalex.org/W4312334051","https://openalex.org/W4385800790","https://openalex.org/W2081440266","https://openalex.org/W2312292496","https://openalex.org/W2335291355","https://openalex.org/W2300518202","https://openalex.org/W2254351632"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"propose":[1],"and":[2,16],"devise":[3],"a":[4],"digitized":[5],"optical":[6,14],"modulator":[7,32],"for":[8,19],"4-ASK.":[9],"The":[10,25],"proposed":[11],"device":[12],"enables":[13],"modulation":[15],"waveform":[17],"shaping":[18],"multilevel":[20],"amplitude":[21],"shift":[22],"keying":[23],"simultaneously.":[24],"measured":[26],"transfer":[27],"function":[28],"of":[29],"the":[30,37],"fabricated":[31],"shows":[33],"good":[34],"agreement":[35],"with":[36],"designed":[38],"function.":[39]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}