{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2799059425","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecoc.2017.8345955","title":"Bidirectional PAM-4 Experimental Proof-Of-Concept to Double Capacity per Fiber in 2-km Data Center Links","display_name":"Bidirectional PAM-4 Experimental Proof-Of-Concept to Double Capacity per Fiber in 2-km Data Center Links","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2799059425","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecoc.2017.8345955","mag":"2799059425"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ecoc.2017.8345955","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecoc.2017.8345955","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059524362","display_name":"A. Nespola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0819-640X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800599128","display_name":"Istituto Superiore Mario Boella","ror":"https://ror.org/05y6jfx28","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800599128","https://openalex.org/I4210155299"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Nespola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto Superiore Mario Boella, Torino, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto Superiore Mario Boella, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800599128"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019816552","display_name":"Luca Bertignono","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Politecnico di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Bertignono","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Piemonte, IT"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Piemonte, IT","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085222021","display_name":"Dario Pilori","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4499-8573"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Politecnico di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Pilori","raw_affiliation_strings":["DET, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DET, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105529797","display_name":"F. Forghieri","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Forghieri","raw_affiliation_strings":["CISCO Photonics italy srl, Vimercate, MB, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CISCO Photonics italy srl, Vimercate, MB, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026175743","display_name":"Marco Mazzini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9406-9575"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Mazzini","raw_affiliation_strings":["CISCO Photonics italy srl, Vimercate, MB, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CISCO Photonics italy srl, Vimercate, MB, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017161463","display_name":"Roberto Gaudino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1909-4281"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Politecnico di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Gaudino","raw_affiliation_strings":["DET, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DET, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5848,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71850957,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"3"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spurious-relationship","display_name":"Spurious relationship","score":0.8071005344390869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-center","display_name":"Data center","score":0.7051663994789124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proof-of-concept","display_name":"Proof of concept","score":0.6155346035957336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.5664047598838806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5656837224960327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/center","display_name":"Center (category theory)","score":0.5175235271453857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.5038322806358337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber","display_name":"Fiber","score":0.5030080676078796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-capacity","display_name":"Channel capacity","score":0.4129067063331604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3631531596183777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3409586250782013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.288814902305603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2567153573036194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.22029906511306763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.2138189673423767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16874828934669495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.11687567830085754}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97256817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1462316","display_name":"Spurious relationship","level":2,"score":0.8071005344390869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153740404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671224","display_name":"Data center","level":2,"score":0.7051663994789124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124978682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1201019","display_name":"Proof of concept","level":2,"score":0.6155346035957336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5664047598838806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5656837224960327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779463800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5062222","display_name":"Center (category theory)","level":2,"score":0.5175235271453857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5038322806358337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519885992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161","display_name":"Fiber","level":2,"score":0.5030080676078796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97744766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870845","display_name":"Channel capacity","level":3,"score":0.4129067063331604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3631531596183777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3409586250782013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.288814902305603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2567153573036194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.22029906511306763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.2138189673423767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16874828934669495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.11687567830085754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8010536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160398","display_name":"Crystallography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ecoc.2017.8345955","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecoc.2017.8345955","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307791","display_name":"Cisco Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/03yt1ez60"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3113091479","https://openalex.org/W2162899405","https://openalex.org/W941090075","https://openalex.org/W2044987316","https://openalex.org/W3134374554","https://openalex.org/W2237480245","https://openalex.org/W2075065631","https://openalex.org/W2519167559","https://openalex.org/W4311248832","https://openalex.org/W4386113923"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"propose":[1],"the":[2,9,29],"use":[3],"of":[4],"bidirectional":[5],"transmission":[6],"to":[7],"double":[8],"effective":[10],"capacity":[11],"over":[12],"(each":[13],"available)":[14],"fiber":[15],"in":[16],"short-reach":[17],"(2km)":[18],"data-center":[19],"links":[20],"using":[21],"direct-detection":[22],"PAM-4.":[23],"In":[24],"particular,":[25],"we":[26],"experimentally":[27],"show":[28],"conditions":[30],"under":[31],"which":[32],"spurious":[33],"reflections":[34],"give":[35],"a":[36],"limited":[37],"power":[38],"penalty.":[39]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}