{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2189556401","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecoc.2015.7341983","title":"Measurements of frequency instabilities and slow random evolution of inter-modal four-wave mixing in few-mode fibers","display_name":"Measurements of frequency instabilities and slow random evolution of inter-modal four-wave mixing in few-mode fibers","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2189556401","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecoc.2015.7341983","mag":"2189556401"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ecoc.2015.7341983","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecoc.2015.7341983","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000846361","display_name":"Mina Esmaeelpour","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3781-1029"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mina Esmaeelpour","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bell Laboratories Alcatel-Lucent, Holmdel, NJ","Department of Physics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bell Laboratories Alcatel-Lucent, Holmdel, NJ","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007202687","display_name":"Ren\u00e9-Jean Essiambre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0206-5989"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72090969","display_name":"Nokia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038km2573","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rene-Jean Essiambre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ, US"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108499868","display_name":"Nicolas K. Fontaine","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72090969","display_name":"Nokia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038km2573","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicolas K. Fontaine","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ, US"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs, Murray Hill, NJ, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072328343","display_name":"Roland Ryf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8883-5349"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roland Ryf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bell Laboratories Alcatel-Lucent, Holmdel, NJ"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bell Laboratories Alcatel-Lucent, Holmdel, NJ","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074209284","display_name":"J. Toulouse","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7492-3647"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean Toulouse","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000846361"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1973,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59252903,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"3"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10988","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Laser Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10846","display_name":"Photonic Crystal and Fiber Optics","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modal","display_name":"Modal","score":0.794121265411377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixing","display_name":"Mixing (physics)","score":0.7887340188026428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","score":0.5782516598701477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.5438599586486816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber","display_name":"Fiber","score":0.5334857702255249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/four-wave-mixing","display_name":"Four-wave mixing","score":0.5078220963478088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.37028345465660095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.34389322996139526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.33928075432777405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.15329599380493164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.09924998879432678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-optics","display_name":"Nonlinear optics","score":0.0977250337600708}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71139939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910194","display_name":"Modal","level":2,"score":0.794121265411377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138777275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6884054","display_name":"Mixing (physics)","level":2,"score":0.7887340188026428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.5782516598701477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.5438599586486816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519885992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161","display_name":"Fiber","level":2,"score":0.5334857702255249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146363664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424759","display_name":"Four-wave mixing","level":4,"score":0.5078220963478088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.37028345465660095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.34389322996139526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.33928075432777405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.15329599380493164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.09924998879432678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78854221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q756033","display_name":"Nonlinear optics","level":3,"score":0.0977250337600708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188027245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446","display_name":"Polymer chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ecoc.2015.7341983","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecoc.2015.7341983","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968451144","https://openalex.org/W1981041152","https://openalex.org/W2017338121","https://openalex.org/W2028068413","https://openalex.org/W2030153595","https://openalex.org/W2052252293","https://openalex.org/W2097836838","https://openalex.org/W2127064726","https://openalex.org/W2151782076","https://openalex.org/W2490897802"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2373038869","https://openalex.org/W2375908649","https://openalex.org/W2614837930","https://openalex.org/W172281880","https://openalex.org/W2379392295","https://openalex.org/W3160965418","https://openalex.org/W2922079472","https://openalex.org/W3082699320","https://openalex.org/W2087604720","https://openalex.org/W2332383769"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Large":[0],"fluctuations":[1,20],"of":[2,12],"inter-modal":[3],"four-wave":[4],"mixing":[5],"between":[6],"the":[7],"LP01":[8],"and":[9,25],"LP11":[10],"modes":[11],"a":[13],"few-mode":[14],"fiber":[15],"are":[16],"experimentally":[17],"observed.":[18],"These":[19],"exhibit":[21],"strong":[22],"frequency":[23],"dependence":[24],"can":[26],"be":[27],"persistent":[28],"in":[29],"time.":[30]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}