{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2188885372","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecoc.2015.7341640","title":"Information rates for the SP 128-QAM and DP 16-QAM modulation formats","display_name":"Information rates for the SP 128-QAM and DP 16-QAM modulation formats","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2188885372","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecoc.2015.7341640","mag":"2188885372"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ecoc.2015.7341640","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecoc.2015.7341640","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001828381","display_name":"Aazar S. Kashi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4366-7441"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. S. Kashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090346875","display_name":"John C. Cartledge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0077-5952"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. C. Cartledge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012759659","display_name":"Ali Bakhshali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5589-6068"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Bakhshali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003819375","display_name":"A. Rezania","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Rezania","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103041498","display_name":"Ahmed I. Abd El-Rahman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154901","display_name":"Kingston University","ror":"https://ror.org/0517ce304","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154901"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. I. Abd El-Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Queen's University Faculty of Health Sciences, Kingston, ON, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queen's University Faculty of Health Sciences, Kingston, ON, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071217530","display_name":"Maurice O\u2019Sullivan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8197-9489"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160469","display_name":"Ciena (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/05agqdk49","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1295297804","https://openalex.org/I4210160469"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. O'Sullivan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ciena Corporation, Ottawa, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ciena Corporation, Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160469"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070337189","display_name":"Charles Laperle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0104-8893"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160469","display_name":"Ciena (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/05agqdk49","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1295297804","https://openalex.org/I4210160469"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Laperle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ciena Corporation, Ottawa, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ciena Corporation, Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160469"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055682372","display_name":"A. Borowiec","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8146-1188"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160469","display_name":"Ciena (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/05agqdk49","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1295297804","https://openalex.org/I4210160469"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Borowiec","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ciena Corporation, Ottawa, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ciena Corporation, Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160469"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110206439","display_name":"Kim Roberts","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160469","display_name":"Ciena (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/05agqdk49","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1295297804","https://openalex.org/I4210160469"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Roberts","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ciena Corporation, Ottawa, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ciena Corporation, Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160469"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001828381"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3946,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67599079,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"3"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","score":0.8475073575973511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baud","display_name":"Baud","score":0.826511561870575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qam","display_name":"QAM","score":0.7147178649902344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5711359977722168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.47806552052497864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude-and-phase-shift-keying","display_name":"Amplitude and phase-shift keying","score":0.4689454734325409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gigabit","display_name":"Gigabit","score":0.4527679681777954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.4253588318824768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.41726428270339966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.41503268480300903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3741627335548401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.3212210536003113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2857285737991333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2634376883506775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.16867151856422424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13264527916908264}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32409245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749753","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.8475073575973511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169606439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192027","display_name":"Baud","level":3,"score":0.826511561870575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59030546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7265371","display_name":"QAM","level":5,"score":0.7147178649902344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5711359977722168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.47806552052497864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127240579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477229","display_name":"Amplitude and phase-shift keying","level":5,"score":0.4689454734325409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21922175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3105497","display_name":"Gigabit","level":2,"score":0.4527679681777954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.4253588318824768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.41726428270339966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.41503268480300903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3741627335548401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.3212210536003113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2857285737991333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2634376883506775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.16867151856422424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13264527916908264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ecoc.2015.7341640","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecoc.2015.7341640","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7900000214576721,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966643427","https://openalex.org/W1992038843","https://openalex.org/W2014493387","https://openalex.org/W2020257280","https://openalex.org/W2071970562","https://openalex.org/W2083214209","https://openalex.org/W2133401839"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2800698484","https://openalex.org/W1484414504","https://openalex.org/W3036233881","https://openalex.org/W1991253387","https://openalex.org/W2149552878","https://openalex.org/W2951910348","https://openalex.org/W3214132040","https://openalex.org/W2130843768","https://openalex.org/W3026565890","https://openalex.org/W2160845380"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Information":[0],"rates":[1],"for":[2,15],"the":[3,16],"set-partitioning":[4],"(SP)":[5],"128-QAM":[6,35],"and":[7,22],"dual-polarization":[8],"(DP)":[9],"16-QAM":[10],"modulation":[11],"formats":[12],"are":[13],"compared":[14],"same":[17],"bit":[18],"rate":[19,24],"(256":[20],"Gbit/s)":[21],"baud":[23],"(32":[25],"Gbaud).":[26],"For":[27],"256":[28],"Gbit/s":[29],"transmission":[30],"over":[31],"3600":[32],"km,":[33],"SP":[34],"offers":[36],"an":[37],"increase":[38],"of":[39],"8.2%.":[40]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
