{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2103435257","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecctd.2011.6043610","title":"A linear tuning ring VCO for spectrum monitor receiver in cognitive radio applications","display_name":"A linear tuning ring VCO for spectrum monitor receiver in cognitive radio applications","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2103435257","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecctd.2011.6043610","mag":"2103435257"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ecctd.2011.6043610","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecctd.2011.6043610","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 20th European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design (ECCTD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074536892","display_name":"Siwen Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6020-4924"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siwen Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK","School of Electronics and Computer, Science University of Southampton, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Computer, Science University of Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113522594","display_name":"W. Redman-White","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Redman-White","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK","School of Electronics and Computer, Science University of Southampton, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Computer, Science University of Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"65","last_page":"68"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-controlled-oscillator","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","score":0.8956611156463623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring-oscillator","display_name":"Ring oscillator","score":0.8204776048660278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.8125879168510437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dbc","display_name":"dBc","score":0.7095890045166016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.6256020665168762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable-frequency-oscillator","display_name":"Variable-frequency oscillator","score":0.6063327193260193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-offset","display_name":"Frequency offset","score":0.6047160625457764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.5941675305366516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-synthesizer","display_name":"Frequency synthesizer","score":0.5490515232086182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-oscillator","display_name":"Local oscillator","score":0.5289613604545593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vack\u00e1\u0159-oscillator","display_name":"Vack\u00e1\u0159 oscillator","score":0.5272062420845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delay-line-oscillator","display_name":"Delay line oscillator","score":0.5020966529846191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offset","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","score":0.4980602264404297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.45938852429389954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linearity","display_name":"Linearity","score":0.431606650352478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.419497013092041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.4118781089782715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.27783888578414917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2650044560432434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-locked-loop","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","score":0.24844318628311157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.1290636956691742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.10323640704154968}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5291336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852341","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","level":3,"score":0.8956611156463623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104111718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2153973","display_name":"Ring oscillator","level":3,"score":0.8204776048660278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.8125879168510437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193523891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1771950","display_name":"dBc","level":3,"score":0.7095890045166016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.6256020665168762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120164764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q705396","display_name":"Variable-frequency oscillator","level":4,"score":0.6063327193260193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49319798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5502874","display_name":"Frequency offset","level":4,"score":0.6047160625457764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5941675305366516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182099602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2660678","display_name":"Frequency synthesizer","level":4,"score":0.5490515232086182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203597036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1238887","display_name":"Local oscillator","level":3,"score":0.5289613604545593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111657199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2300256","display_name":"Vack\u00e1\u0159 oscillator","level":4,"score":0.5272062420845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26907483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5253479","display_name":"Delay line oscillator","level":4,"score":0.5020966529846191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4980602264404297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.45938852429389954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77170095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1753188","display_name":"Linearity","level":2,"score":0.431606650352478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.419497013092041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.4118781089782715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.27783888578414917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2650044560432434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12707504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52637","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","level":3,"score":0.24844318628311157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.1290636956691742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.10323640704154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ecctd.2011.6043610","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecctd.2011.6043610","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 20th European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design (ECCTD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:337753","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/337753/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401019","display_name":"ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","host_organization_name":"University of Southampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8600000143051147,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2006092388","https://openalex.org/W2028005433","https://openalex.org/W2103801958","https://openalex.org/W2108324407","https://openalex.org/W2110887618","https://openalex.org/W2113714327","https://openalex.org/W2114804139","https://openalex.org/W2153090463","https://openalex.org/W2157034984","https://openalex.org/W2164119118","https://openalex.org/W2200964337","https://openalex.org/W3150709852","https://openalex.org/W3214074647","https://openalex.org/W6676218028","https://openalex.org/W6684258690","https://openalex.org/W6803975782"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1521697648","https://openalex.org/W4230767006","https://openalex.org/W2109091204","https://openalex.org/W4384129951","https://openalex.org/W2076857967","https://openalex.org/W2367598702","https://openalex.org/W2188709823","https://openalex.org/W2392125215","https://openalex.org/W2164132892","https://openalex.org/W42113357"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"ring":[1,31,57],"oscillator":[2,32,58,97],"is":[3,33,42,80,99],"designed":[4],"and":[5],"implemented":[6],"on":[7],"standard":[8],"130nm":[9],"CMOS":[10],"technology":[11],"for":[12,51],"wide":[13],"range":[14,63],"frequency":[15,89],"tuning":[16,53,62],"purpose":[17],"in":[18,24],"a":[19,45,60,72],"spectrum":[20],"monitor":[21],"receiver":[22],"used":[23],"cognitive":[25],"radio":[26],"applications.":[27],"The":[28,55,76,92],"three-stage":[29],"differential":[30],"tuned":[34],"by":[35,44],"an":[36,87],"array":[37],"of":[38,90,95],"MOS":[39],"varactors,":[40],"which":[41],"controlled":[43],"novel":[46],"staggered":[47],"voltage":[48],"offset":[49,85],"system":[50],"improved":[52],"linearity.":[54],"proposed":[56],"achieves":[59],"measured":[61,77],"from":[64,71,86],"4.85GHz":[65],"to":[66],"7.15GHz,":[67],"consuming":[68],"4.2mA":[69],"current":[70],"1.2V":[73],"supply":[74],"voltage.":[75],"phase":[78],"noise":[79],"\u221282.5":[81],"dBc/Hz":[82],"at":[83],"1MHz":[84],"operating":[88],"4.88GHz.":[91],"die":[93],"area":[94],"the":[96],"core":[98],"about":[100],"70\u00b5m\u00d750\u00b5m.":[101]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}