{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385482395","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecai58194.2023.10194152","title":"Upgrading Legacy Automation Equipment to Achieve Industry 4.0 Compatibility","display_name":"Upgrading Legacy Automation Equipment to Achieve Industry 4.0 Compatibility","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385482395","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecai58194.2023.10194152"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ecai58194.2023.10194152","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ecai58194.2023.10194152","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 15th International Conference on Electronics, Computers and Artificial Intelligence (ECAI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092581226","display_name":"Marius-Constantin Marica","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I61641377","display_name":"Universitatea Na\u021bional\u0103 de \u0218tiin\u021b\u0103 \u0219i Tehnologie Politehnica Bucure\u0219ti","ror":"https://ror.org/0558j5q12","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I61641377"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marius-Constantin Marica","raw_affiliation_strings":["Doctoral School of Electronics, Telecommunications and Information Technology, Politehnica University of Bucharest,Bucharest,Romania","Doctoral School of Electronics, Telecommunications and Information Technology, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Doctoral School of Electronics, Telecommunications and Information Technology, Politehnica University of Bucharest,Bucharest,Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I61641377"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Doctoral School of Electronics, Telecommunications and Information Technology, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I61641377"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023539744","display_name":"Nicu Bizon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9311-7598"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185286233","display_name":"University of Pitesti","ror":"https://ror.org/058b16x44","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185286233"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicu Bizon","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pitesti,Department of Electronics, Communications and Computers,Pitesti,Romania","Department of Electronics, Communications and Computers, University of Pitesti, Pitesti, Romania"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pitesti,Department of Electronics, Communications and Computers,Pitesti,Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185286233"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics, Communications and Computers, University of Pitesti, Pitesti, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185286233"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057381574","display_name":"Ionel Bostan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9455-3949"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185286233","display_name":"University of Pitesti","ror":"https://ror.org/058b16x44","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185286233"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ionel Bostan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pitesti,Department of Electronics, Communications and Computers,Pitesti,Romania","Department of Electronics, Communications and Computers, University of Pitesti, Pitesti, Romania"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pitesti,Department of Electronics, Communications and Computers,Pitesti,Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185286233"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics, Communications and Computers, University of Pitesti, Pitesti, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185286233"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5092581226"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I61641377"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8306,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77329863,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"01","last_page":"06"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13344","display_name":"Industrial Automation and Control Systems","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11741","display_name":"Flexible and Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems","score":0.9807000160217285,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upgrade","display_name":"Upgrade","score":0.7146375775337219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-reconfiguration","display_name":"Control reconfiguration","score":0.7062913179397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.594721794128418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.5809430480003357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4804065525531769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manufacturing-engineering","display_name":"Manufacturing engineering","score":0.46582600474357605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/productivity","display_name":"Productivity","score":0.41230854392051697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3713659346103668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.335016131401062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2872563600540161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1550872027873993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.1425912082195282}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780615140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q920419","display_name":"Upgrade","level":2,"score":0.7146375775337219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119701452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165881","display_name":"Control reconfiguration","level":2,"score":0.7062913179397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.594721794128418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5809430480003357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4804065525531769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117671659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11049265","display_name":"Manufacturing engineering","level":1,"score":0.46582600474357605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.41230854392051697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3713659346103668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.335016131401062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2872563600540161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1550872027873993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.1425912082195282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ecai58194.2023.10194152","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ecai58194.2023.10194152","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 15th International Conference on Electronics, Computers and Artificial Intelligence (ECAI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5400000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2789411814","https://openalex.org/W2885432339","https://openalex.org/W2998231976","https://openalex.org/W3040824254","https://openalex.org/W4214889137","https://openalex.org/W4292863098","https://openalex.org/W4294690804","https://openalex.org/W4295036542","https://openalex.org/W4315472399"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W282684715","https://openalex.org/W1997091231","https://openalex.org/W2315081710","https://openalex.org/W2100488928","https://openalex.org/W3195488574","https://openalex.org/W2913355112","https://openalex.org/W2371995644","https://openalex.org/W1629539889","https://openalex.org/W1975648339","https://openalex.org/W2065713950"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"development":[1],"of":[2,62,89,117,122],"the":[3,14,56,60,71,115,120,136],"Industry":[4,128],"4.0":[5,129],"concept":[6],"has":[7],"led":[8],"to":[9,39,50,81,91,125],"a":[10,48,67,98,105],"significant":[11,34],"gap":[12,26,53],"between":[13],"equipment":[15,38,64,84,124],"already":[16],"existing":[17],"in":[18,36],"industrial":[19],"plants":[20],"and":[21,31,54,74,93,108,149,154],"current":[22],"technological":[23],"standards.":[24],"This":[25,45,78,141],"can":[27],"adversely":[28],"affect":[29],"efficiency":[30],"productivity,":[32,153],"requiring":[33,97],"investment":[35],"upgrading":[37],"keep":[40],"pace":[41],"with":[42,127],"new":[43],"technologies.":[44],"paper":[46],"proposes":[47],"solution":[49,79],"reduce":[51],"this":[52],"at":[55],"same":[57],"time":[58],"improve":[59],"performance":[61],"old":[63,83],"by":[65],"integrating":[66],"web":[68],"server":[69],"into":[70,85],"PLC":[72],"structure":[73],"using":[75],"I/O-Link":[76],"devices.":[77],"aims":[80],"transform":[82],"intelligent":[86],"devices":[87],"capable":[88],"adapting":[90],"environmental":[92],"production":[94],"changes":[95],"without":[96,135],"complete":[99,112],"system":[100],"reconfiguration,":[101],"which":[102],"may":[103],"be":[104],"more":[106],"cost-effective":[107],"feasible":[109],"option":[110],"than":[111],"replacement.":[113],"Through":[114],"integration":[116],"smart":[118],"features,":[119],"upgrade":[121],"older":[123],"comply":[126],"standards":[130],"allows":[131],"for":[132,138],"adaptive":[133],"functionality":[134],"need":[137],"extensive":[139],"reconfiguration.":[140],"transformation":[142],"facilitates":[143],"smooth":[144],"data":[145],"exchange,":[146],"real-time":[147],"monitoring,":[148],"augments":[150],"operational":[151],"efficiency,":[152],"flexibility.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-12-24T23:09:58.560324","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}