{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401694195","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dyspan60163.2024.10632833","title":"SPARC-LoRa: A Scalable, Power-efficient, Affordable, Reliable, and Cloud Service-enabled LoRa Networking System for Agriculture Applications","display_name":"SPARC-LoRa: A Scalable, Power-efficient, Affordable, Reliable, and Cloud Service-enabled LoRa Networking System for Agriculture Applications","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401694195","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dyspan60163.2024.10632833"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/dyspan60163.2024.10632833","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dyspan60163.2024.10632833","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE International Symposium on Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062473662","display_name":"Xi Vincent Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9694-0483"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Utah,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Utah,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021870759","display_name":"Bryan Hatasaka","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bryan Hatasaka","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Utah,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Utah,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015335247","display_name":"Zhengyan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5750-1821"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengyan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Utah,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Utah,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059733779","display_name":"Sayali Tope","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9475-7668"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sayali Tope","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Utah,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Utah,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008839050","display_name":"Mohit U. Karkhanis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4441-2969"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohit Karkhanis","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Utah,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Utah,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009512864","display_name":"Seungbeom Noh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2470-1111"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seungbeom Noh","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Utah,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Utah,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004149403","display_name":"Farhan Sadik Sium","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farhan Sium","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Utah,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Utah,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027711507","display_name":"Ravi V. Mural","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5489-9918"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177156846","display_name":"South Dakota State University","ror":"https://ror.org/015jmes13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177156846"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ravi V. Mural","raw_affiliation_strings":["South Dakota State University,Horticulture and Plant Science,Department of Agronomy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"South Dakota State University,Horticulture and Plant Science,Department of Agronomy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177156846"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031111874","display_name":"Hanseup Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6576-5125"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanseup Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Utah,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Utah,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036324157","display_name":"Carlos H. Mastrangelo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2039-4698"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos Mastrangelo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Utah,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Utah,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047177606","display_name":"Ling Zang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4299-0992"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ling Zang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Utah,Department of Material Science and Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Utah,Department of Material Science and Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048302859","display_name":"James C. Schnable","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6739-5527"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114395901","display_name":"University of Nebraska\u2013Lincoln","ror":"https://ror.org/043mer456","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Schnable","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Nebraska-Lincoln,Department of Agronomy and Horticulture"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Nebraska-Lincoln,Department of Agronomy and Horticulture","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058487273","display_name":"Mingyue Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7970-2245"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingyue Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Utah,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Utah,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":13,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062473662"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6513,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68917749,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"151","last_page":"156"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9258000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.7733838558197021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.7282446622848511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6654782891273499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.41592922806739807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.41295573115348816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.1452787220478058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.1284404695034027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.10786774754524231}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.7733838558197021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.7282446622848511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6654782891273499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.41592922806739807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.41295573115348816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.1452787220478058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.1284404695034027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.10786774754524231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/dyspan60163.2024.10632833","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dyspan60163.2024.10632833","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE International Symposium on Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.8399999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2887460549","https://openalex.org/W2963218670","https://openalex.org/W2966495950","https://openalex.org/W3032070209","https://openalex.org/W3108494869","https://openalex.org/W3207203604","https://openalex.org/W4225000217"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4244478748","https://openalex.org/W4223488648","https://openalex.org/W2134969820","https://openalex.org/W2251605416","https://openalex.org/W2560439919","https://openalex.org/W4389340727","https://openalex.org/W3150465815","https://openalex.org/W1997222214"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0,100],"the":[1,51,55,60,84,108,163,166,170,187,191,211,232,237,251,272,280],"rapid":[2],"development":[3],"of":[4,10,20,42,64,113,179,274,282],"cloud":[5,135,192,289],"and":[6,28,46,68,72,97,110,126,138,157,203,223,229,243,248,262,271,288],"edge":[7],"computing,":[8,137],"Internet":[9],"Things":[11],"(IoT)":[12],"applications":[13,244],"have":[14],"been":[15,255],"deployed":[16],"in":[17,142,245,257,266],"various":[18],"aspects":[19],"human":[21],"life.":[22],"In":[23],"this":[24],"paper,":[25],"we":[26],"design":[27,80,222],"implement":[29],"a":[30,47,77,101,152],"holistic":[31],"IoT":[32],"system":[33,221,239,253],"with":[34,76,134],"LoRa":[35,73],"communication":[36,74,111,148],"capabilities,":[37],"named":[38],"SPARC-LoRa,":[39],"which":[40],"consists":[41,178],"field":[43],"sensor":[44,124,167],"nodes":[45,125,168],"gateway":[48,171,188],"connected":[49],"to":[50,81,89,144,159,161,169,190],"Internet.":[52],"SPARC-LoRa":[53,65,88,160,283],"has":[54,254],"following":[56],"important":[57],"features.":[58],"First,":[59],"proposed":[61,238,252],"wireless":[62,147],"network":[63],"is":[66,128,155,225],"event-driven":[67],"using":[69,194],"off-the-shelf":[70],"microcontroller":[71],"modules":[75],"customized":[78],"PCB":[79],"integrate":[82],"all":[83],"hardware.":[85],"This":[86],"enables":[87,240],"achieve":[90,145],"low":[91,98,285],"power":[92],"consumption,":[93],"long":[94],"range":[95],"communication,":[96],"cost.":[99],"new":[102],"connection-based":[103],"upper":[104],"layer":[105],"protocol":[106,182],"design,":[107],"scalability":[109],"reliability":[112],"SPARC-loRa":[114],"can":[115],"be":[116],"achieved.":[117],"Second,":[118],"an":[119],"open":[120,227],"source":[121,228],"software":[122,176],"including":[123,284],"servers":[127,193],"designed":[129,156],"based":[130],"on":[131,231],"Docker":[132],"container":[133],"storage,":[136],"LTE":[139,195],"functionalities.":[140],"Furthermore,":[141],"order":[143],"reliable":[146],"under":[149,260],"extreme":[150,263],"conditions,":[151],"relay":[153],"module":[154],"applied":[158],"forward":[162],"data":[164,185,201,206,213],"from":[165,186,214],"node.":[172],"The":[173,220,276],"server":[174,208],"side":[175],"platform":[177],"1)":[180],"MQTT":[181],"publishing":[183],"measured":[184,212],"node":[189],"connections;":[196],"2)":[197],"InfluxDB":[198],"database":[199],"for":[200,209],"storage;":[202],"3)":[204],"Grafana":[205],"web":[207,218],"accessing":[210],"any":[215],"platforms":[216],"or":[217],"browsers.":[219],"implementation":[224],"completely":[226],"hosted":[230],"DigitalOcean":[233],"Droplet":[234],"Cloud.":[235],"Hence,":[236],"further":[241],"research":[242],"both":[246],"academia":[247],"industry.":[249],"Finally,":[250],"tested":[256],"real":[258],"fields":[259],"different":[261],"environmental":[264],"conditions":[265],"Salt":[267],"Lake":[268],"City,":[269],"Utah":[270],"University":[273],"Nebraska-Lincoln.":[275],"experimental":[277],"results":[278],"validate":[279],"features":[281],"power,":[286],"reliability,":[287],"services":[290],"provided":[291],"by":[292],"SPARC-LoRa.":[293]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-13T16:22:10.518609","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
