{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401693655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dyspan60163.2024.10632813","title":"Repurposing Cellular Reference Signals: Accurate RSRP Measurements with Mobile Phones","display_name":"Repurposing Cellular Reference Signals: Accurate RSRP Measurements with Mobile Phones","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401693655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dyspan60163.2024.10632813"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/dyspan60163.2024.10632813","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dyspan60163.2024.10632813","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE International Symposium on Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008579536","display_name":"Max Hollingsworth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9697-0758"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802236040","display_name":"University of Colorado System","ror":"https://ror.org/00jc20583","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802236040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Max Hollingsworth","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Colorado Boulder"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Colorado Boulder","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802236040","https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005042472","display_name":"Yaguang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5445-0555"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaguang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103265504","display_name":"Todd Schumann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6127-9357"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100297","display_name":"Institute for Telecommunication Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00mj5bc69","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I4210100297","https://openalex.org/I4387155216"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Todd Schumann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Telecommunication sciences"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Telecommunication sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100297"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050353111","display_name":"Christopher R. Anderson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9010-2630"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100297","display_name":"Institute for Telecommunication Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00mj5bc69","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I4210100297","https://openalex.org/I4387155216"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher R. Anderson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Telecommunication sciences"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Telecommunication sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100297"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085453749","display_name":"Michael Cotton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3532-6356"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100297","display_name":"Institute for Telecommunication Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00mj5bc69","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I4210100297","https://openalex.org/I4387155216"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Cotton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Telecommunication sciences"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Telecommunication sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100297"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101611498","display_name":"Seyeon Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7008-2342"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802236040","display_name":"University of Colorado System","ror":"https://ror.org/00jc20583","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802236040"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seyeon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Colorado Boulder"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Colorado Boulder","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802236040","https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023497481","display_name":"Sangtae Ha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5983-5430"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802236040","display_name":"University of Colorado System","ror":"https://ror.org/00jc20583","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802236040"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sangtae Ha","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Colorado Boulder"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Colorado Boulder","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802236040","https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059685104","display_name":"Dirk Grunwald","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3174-0904"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802236040","display_name":"University of Colorado System","ror":"https://ror.org/00jc20583","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802236040"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dirk Grunwald","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Colorado Boulder"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Colorado Boulder","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802236040","https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008579536"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660","https://openalex.org/I2802236040"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.196,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.47363749,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"45","last_page":"50"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.8091999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.8091999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/repurposing","display_name":"Repurposing","score":0.691063404083252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6706832647323608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-radio","display_name":"Cellular radio","score":0.5487155318260193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.5432189702987671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bluetooth","display_name":"Bluetooth","score":0.4891958236694336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-telephony","display_name":"Mobile telephony","score":0.42831188440322876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.31291618943214417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-radio","display_name":"Mobile radio","score":0.2517992854118347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18298175930976868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.17656481266021729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.12947094440460205}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519536355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21021151","display_name":"Repurposing","level":2,"score":0.691063404083252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6706832647323608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986910011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17517","display_name":"Cellular radio","level":3,"score":0.5487155318260193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.5432189702987671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546215728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39531","display_name":"Bluetooth","level":3,"score":0.4891958236694336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95491727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q992968","display_name":"Mobile telephony","level":3,"score":0.42831188440322876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.31291618943214417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781307350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6887221","display_name":"Mobile radio","level":2,"score":0.2517992854118347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18298175930976868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.17656481266021729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.12947094440460205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/dyspan60163.2024.10632813","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dyspan60163.2024.10632813","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE International Symposium on Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968336662","https://openalex.org/W2106784572","https://openalex.org/W2120363208","https://openalex.org/W2168347318","https://openalex.org/W2293520594","https://openalex.org/W2554256089","https://openalex.org/W2617473145","https://openalex.org/W2809811157","https://openalex.org/W2810313728","https://openalex.org/W2909873494","https://openalex.org/W3017194848","https://openalex.org/W3081426288","https://openalex.org/W3101131082","https://openalex.org/W3120534983","https://openalex.org/W3130578691","https://openalex.org/W4225547356","https://openalex.org/W4297097677","https://openalex.org/W4298051967","https://openalex.org/W4313459142","https://openalex.org/W4378842734"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2131118370","https://openalex.org/W2252345849","https://openalex.org/W2486161680","https://openalex.org/W2044179863","https://openalex.org/W2142972685","https://openalex.org/W1925193661","https://openalex.org/W2099296666","https://openalex.org/W2124540127","https://openalex.org/W3003419070","https://openalex.org/W3197108443"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reference":[0,32],"signals":[1],"in":[2,49,79,146],"both":[3],"LTE":[4],"and":[5,12,30,52,85,94,101],"5G":[6],"cellular":[7,56],"networks":[8],"present":[9],"an":[10,40,90],"untapped":[11],"abundant":[13],"signal":[14],"of":[15,75,81,116,138,158],"oppor-tunity":[16],"for":[17,45],"high":[18],"quality":[19],"radio":[20],"frequency":[21,150],"(RF)":[22],"propagation":[23,47,77],"measurements.":[24],"Commercial-off-the-shelf":[25],"mobile":[26,65,109,159],"phones":[27,141],"continuously":[28],"capture":[29],"report":[31],"Signal":[33],"Received":[34],"Power":[35],"(RSRP)":[36],"measurements,":[37,165],"making":[38],"them":[39],"easily":[41],"crowdsource-able":[42],"data":[43,78],"source":[44],"RF":[46],"modeling":[48],"path":[50],"geometries":[51],"frequencies":[53],"relevant":[54],"to":[55,96,123,163,169],"network":[57],"communications.":[58],"However,":[59],"it":[60],"remains":[61],"unclear":[62],"whether":[63],"crowdsourced":[64,164],"phone":[66,110,128,160],"RSRP":[67,104,119,136],"measurements":[68,105,154],"can":[69,166],"meet":[70],"the":[71,98,117,124,134,139,147],"stringent":[72],"accuracy":[73,102,137],"requirements":[74],"measured":[76,118],"support":[80],"empirical":[82],"model":[83],"validation":[84],"improvement.":[86],"This":[87],"investigation":[88],"details":[89],"extensive":[91],"measurement":[92],"campaign":[93],"analysis":[95],"quantify":[97],"variability":[99],"between,":[100],"of,":[103],"from":[106,155],"nine":[107],"unique":[108],"models.":[111,129],"We":[112,130],"find":[113],"that":[114,133,153],"10%":[115],"variance":[120],"is":[121,142],"due":[122],"inherent":[125,162],"differences":[126],"between":[127],"also":[131],"find,":[132],"mean":[135,174],"combined":[140],"within":[143],"\u00b1":[144],"1.5":[145],"most":[148],"used":[149],"bands,":[151],"suggesting":[152],"a":[156,171],"diversity":[157],"models,":[161],"be":[167],"leveraged":[168],"estimate":[170],"highly":[172],"accurate":[173],"power.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-21T01:58:51.020947","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}