{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390224914","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dtpi59677.2023.10365463","title":"Digital Twin of Cyber-Physical CNC for Smart Manufacturing","display_name":"Digital Twin of Cyber-Physical CNC for Smart Manufacturing","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390224914","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dtpi59677.2023.10365463"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/dtpi59677.2023.10365463","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dtpi59677.2023.10365463","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Digital Twins and Parallel Intelligence (DTPI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003214457","display_name":"Bethanie Williams","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63920570","display_name":"Tennessee Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/05drmrq39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bethanie Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tennessee Technological University,Department of Computer Science,Tennessee,USA","Department of Computer Science, Tennessee Technological University, Tennessee, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tennessee Technological University,Department of Computer Science,Tennessee,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Tennessee Technological University, Tennessee, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073756906","display_name":"Gabriela Ciocarlie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4405-0742"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriela Ciocarlie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cybersecurity Manufacturing Innovation Institute (CyManII),Research, Development, and Engineering,Texas,USA","Research, Development, and Engineering, Cybersecurity Manufacturing Innovation Institute (CyManII), Texas, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cybersecurity Manufacturing Innovation Institute (CyManII),Research, Development, and Engineering,Texas,USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research, Development, and Engineering, Cybersecurity Manufacturing Innovation Institute (CyManII), Texas, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066369271","display_name":"Kyle Saleeby","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7523-8174"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyle Saleeby","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cybersecurity Manufacturing Innovation Institute (CyManII),Research, Development, and Engineering,Texas,USA","Research, Development, and Engineering, Cybersecurity Manufacturing Innovation Institute (CyManII), Texas, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cybersecurity Manufacturing Innovation Institute (CyManII),Research, Development, and Engineering,Texas,USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research, Development, and Engineering, Cybersecurity Manufacturing Innovation Institute (CyManII), Texas, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077148915","display_name":"Muhammad Ismail","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8051-9747"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63920570","display_name":"Tennessee Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/05drmrq39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Ismail","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tennessee Technological University,Department of Computer Science,Tennessee,USA","Department of Computer Science, Tennessee Technological University, Tennessee, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tennessee Technological University,Department of Computer Science,Tennessee,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Tennessee Technological University, Tennessee, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007679683","display_name":"Clifton J. Mulkey","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Clifton Mulkey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories,Research and Development of Science and Engineering,New Mexico,USA","Research and Development of Science and Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories,Research and Development of Science and Engineering,New Mexico,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research and Development of Science and Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11741","display_name":"Flexible and Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems","score":0.9634000062942505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10188","display_name":"Advanced machining processes and optimization","score":0.9616000056266785,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-time-warping","display_name":"Dynamic time warping","score":0.7026869058609009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6242315769195557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/numerical-control","display_name":"Numerical control","score":0.5910865068435669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/timestamp","display_name":"Timestamp","score":0.5463358759880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xml","display_name":"XML","score":0.5161951184272766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adapter","display_name":"Adapter (computing)","score":0.5115028619766235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5004043579101562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-tool","display_name":"Machine tool","score":0.4200561046600342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.33435994386672974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.23644548654556274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1853180229663849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.17707744240760803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.10770508646965027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.09589150547981262}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88516994","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1268863","display_name":"Dynamic time warping","level":2,"score":0.7026869058609009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6242315769195557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175457265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190247","display_name":"Numerical control","level":3,"score":0.5910865068435669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113954288","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186885","display_name":"Timestamp","level":2,"score":0.5463358759880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8797682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2115","display_name":"XML","level":2,"score":0.5161951184272766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177284502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1005390","display_name":"Adapter (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5115028619766235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5004043579101562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5941749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19768","display_name":"Machine tool","level":2,"score":0.4200561046600342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.33435994386672974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.23644548654556274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1853180229663849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.17707744240760803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.10770508646965027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.09589150547981262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523214423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192047","display_name":"Machining","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/dtpi59677.2023.10365463","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dtpi59677.2023.10365463","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Digital Twins and Parallel Intelligence (DTPI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336741","display_name":"Advanced Manufacturing Office","ror":"https://ror.org/02xznz413"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2107092366","https://openalex.org/W2791998773","https://openalex.org/W2792233253","https://openalex.org/W2803439482","https://openalex.org/W2883267225","https://openalex.org/W2944529629","https://openalex.org/W2955647067","https://openalex.org/W2979716168","https://openalex.org/W3009886068","https://openalex.org/W3016258185","https://openalex.org/W3036256228","https://openalex.org/W3081712408","https://openalex.org/W3130238845","https://openalex.org/W3153676721","https://openalex.org/W3190840618"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3155968943","https://openalex.org/W2921978471","https://openalex.org/W2380506268","https://openalex.org/W2390059556","https://openalex.org/W2945306038","https://openalex.org/W2373654783","https://openalex.org/W2393858310","https://openalex.org/W2891744532","https://openalex.org/W2394442851","https://openalex.org/W2356921929"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1,142,191,204],"the":[2,48,69,80,93,97,102,146,169,183,193,196,209,214,221,231],"complexity":[3],"of":[4,42,51,73,84,96,195],"smart":[5],"manufacturing":[6,39,82],"systems,":[7],"digital":[8],"twins":[9],"(DTs)":[10],"can":[11,77],"help":[12],"manufacturers":[13],"test":[14],"and":[15,35,45,71,105,117,128,148,171,186,223,244],"validate":[16,192],"products":[17,85],"as":[18,20,124,230],"well":[19],"determine":[21],"any":[22],"process":[23,206],"failures":[24],"before":[25],"production.":[26],"Computer":[27],"numerical":[28],"control":[29],"(CNC)":[30],"machines":[31,89],"are":[32],"widely":[33],"used":[34,203],"employed":[36],"in":[37,173],"several":[38],"industries":[40],"because":[41],"their":[43],"precision":[44],"efficiency.":[46],"Despite":[47],"wide":[49],"adoption":[50],"CNC":[52,88],"machines,":[53],"there":[54],"is":[55,235],"currently":[56],"no":[57],"CNC-based":[58],"DT":[59,75,170,210,222],"that":[60,76,120,220],"simulates":[61],"an":[62,115,118,138,162],"entire":[63],"production":[64],"process.":[65],"This":[66],"paper":[67],"demonstrates":[68],"implementation":[70],"validation":[72,160],"a":[74,153,176,227,239],"1)":[78],"replicate":[79],"physical":[81],"operations":[83,185],"on":[86,168,175],"Tormach":[87,178],"by":[90,113],"accurately":[91],"generating":[92],"positional":[94],"values":[95],"machine\u2019s":[98],"tool":[99],"path":[100,234],"along":[101],"X,":[103],"Y,":[104],"Z":[106],"axes,":[107],"2)":[108],"employ":[109],"MTConnect\u2019s":[110,132],"communication":[111],"protocol":[112],"utilizing":[114],"adapter":[116],"agent":[119,147],"produces":[121],"data":[122,144,207,212],"such":[123],"timestamps,":[125],"axis":[126],"positions,":[127],"spindle":[129],"speed":[130],"into":[131,152],"standardized":[133],"XML":[134],"format,":[135],"3)":[136],"deploy":[137],"MTConnect":[139],"utility,":[140],"dataminer,":[141],"collect":[143],"from":[145,208,213],"properly":[149],"store":[150],"it":[151],"JSON":[154],"format":[155],"for":[156],"further":[157],"analysis.":[158],"For":[159],"purposes,":[161],"example":[163],"coin":[164],"geometry":[165],"was":[166,189,202],"simulated":[167,184],"manufactured":[172],"aluminum":[174],"real":[177,187,215,224],"machine.":[179,216],"A":[180],"comparison":[181],"between":[182],"system":[188,225],"made":[190],"accuracy":[194],"DT.":[197],"Dynamic":[198],"time":[199,247],"warping":[200,233],"(DTW)":[201],"compare":[205],"with":[211],"Our":[217],"analysis":[218],"shows":[219],"have":[226],"high":[228],"correlation":[229],"DTW":[232],"closely":[236],"aligned":[237],"at":[238],"45":[240],"degree":[241],"angle":[242],"line":[243],"has":[245],"minimal":[246],"warping.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
