{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2007710086","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dsn.2009.5270340","title":"Low overhead Soft Error Mitigation techniques for high-performance and aggressive systems","display_name":"Low overhead Soft Error Mitigation techniques for high-performance and aggressive systems","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2007710086","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dsn.2009.5270340","mag":"2007710086"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/dsn.2009.5270340","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dsn.2009.5270340","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems &amp; Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068494826","display_name":"Naga Durga Prasad Avirneni","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166600","display_name":"Dependable Computing (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05eh8wd69","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166600"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Naga Durga Prasad Avirneni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dependable Computing and Networking Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","Dependable Computing and Networking Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dependable Computing and Networking Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158","https://openalex.org/I4210166600"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dependable Computing and Networking Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110290127","display_name":"Viswanathan Subramanian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166600","display_name":"Dependable Computing (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05eh8wd69","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166600"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Viswanathan Subramanian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dependable Computing and Networking Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","Dependable Computing and Networking Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dependable Computing and Networking Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158","https://openalex.org/I4210166600"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dependable Computing and Networking Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087267932","display_name":"Arun K. Somani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6248-4376"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166600","display_name":"Dependable Computing (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05eh8wd69","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166600"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arun K. Somani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dependable Computing and Networking Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","Dependable Computing and Networking Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dependable Computing and Networking Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158","https://openalex.org/I4210166600"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dependable Computing and Networking Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068494826"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158","https://openalex.org/I4210166600"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4366,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88782029,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"185","last_page":"194"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soft-error","display_name":"Soft error","score":0.8665971755981445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/triple-modular-redundancy","display_name":"Triple modular redundancy","score":0.8144930005073547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7797687649726868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redundancy","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","score":0.6981813311576843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.5479077696800232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/error-detection-and-correction","display_name":"Error detection and correction","score":0.5179547071456909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.500859260559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.49658066034317017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adder","display_name":"Adder","score":0.4351130723953247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.3754231333732605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3213060796260834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.2517576217651367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.20278045535087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.15604430437088013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.13929352164268494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13435718417167664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.11204078793525696}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154474529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1658917","display_name":"Soft error","level":2,"score":0.8665971755981445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196371267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3998979","display_name":"Triple modular redundancy","level":3,"score":0.8144930005073547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7797687649726868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152124472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1204361","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6981813311576843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5479077696800232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103088060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062839","display_name":"Error detection and correction","level":2,"score":0.5179547071456909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.500859260559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.49658066034317017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164620267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376953","display_name":"Adder","level":3,"score":0.4351130723953247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3754231333732605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3213060796260834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.2517576217651367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.20278045535087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.15604430437088013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.13929352164268494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13435718417167664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.11204078793525696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/dsn.2009.5270340","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dsn.2009.5270340","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems &amp; Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lib.dr.iastate.edu:ece_conf-1129","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1129&amp;amp;context=ece_conf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196104","display_name":"Iowa State University Digital Repository (Iowa State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","host_organization_name":"Iowa State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Conference Papers, Posters and Presentations","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5400000214576721,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968564509","https://openalex.org/W1978079490","https://openalex.org/W2013185880","https://openalex.org/W2096692505","https://openalex.org/W2104677471","https://openalex.org/W2115753002","https://openalex.org/W2116015411","https://openalex.org/W2117648153","https://openalex.org/W2120000030","https://openalex.org/W2128941141","https://openalex.org/W2129542184","https://openalex.org/W2132891404","https://openalex.org/W2147435261","https://openalex.org/W2154168135","https://openalex.org/W2154462663","https://openalex.org/W2155720792","https://openalex.org/W2167002145","https://openalex.org/W2169213530","https://openalex.org/W2170509664","https://openalex.org/W4229966209","https://openalex.org/W4236432903","https://openalex.org/W6679266377"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2000379092","https://openalex.org/W2995137536","https://openalex.org/W2152497502","https://openalex.org/W1749592617","https://openalex.org/W2085138612","https://openalex.org/W2537369590","https://openalex.org/W2184926577","https://openalex.org/W2116473596","https://openalex.org/W4213196926","https://openalex.org/W2316937124"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"threat":[1],"of":[2,61,74,129,161],"soft":[3,32,37,49,66,171],"error":[4,33,40,67,83,172],"induced":[5],"system":[6,96],"failure":[7],"in":[8,90],"high":[9],"performance":[10,97,159],"computing":[11],"systems":[12],"has":[13],"become":[14],"more":[15],"prominent,":[16],"as":[17],"we":[18,27],"adopt":[19],"ultra-deep":[20],"submicron":[21],"process":[22],"technologies.":[23],"In":[24],"this":[25],"paper,":[26],"propose":[28],"two":[29],"techniques,":[30],"namely":[31],"mitigation":[34,41,173],"(SEM)":[35],"and":[36,38,58,133],"timing":[39,82],"(STEM),":[42],"for":[43],"protecting":[44],"combinational":[45],"logic":[46],"blocks":[47],"from":[48,70],"errors.":[50],"Our":[51,77],"first":[52],"technique":[53,79],"(SEM),":[54],"based":[55,170],"on":[56],"distributed":[57],"temporal":[59],"voting":[60],"three":[62],"registers,":[63],"unloads":[64],"the":[65,71,75],"detection":[68,84],"overhead":[69,110],"critical":[72],"path":[73],"systems.":[76],"second":[78],"(STEM)":[80],"adds":[81],"capability":[85],"to":[86],"guarantee":[87],"reliable":[88],"execution":[89],"aggressively":[91],"clocked":[92],"designs":[93],"that":[94,114,137],"enhance":[95],"by":[98,179],"operating":[99],"beyond":[100],"worst-case":[101],"clock":[102,111],"frequency.":[103],"We":[104],"also":[105],"present":[106],"a":[107,130,164],"specialized":[108],"low":[109],"generation":[112],"scheme":[113],"ably":[115],"supports":[116],"our":[117,139],"proposed":[118],"techniques.":[119],"Timing":[120],"annotated":[121],"gate":[122],"level":[123],"simulations,":[124],"using":[125],"45":[126],"nm":[127],"libraries,":[128],"pipelined":[131],"adder-multiplier":[132],"DLX":[134,147],"processor":[135],"show":[136],"both":[138],"techniques":[140],"achieve":[141],"near":[142],"100%":[143],"fault":[144,152],"coverage.":[145],"For":[146],"processor,":[148],"even":[149],"under":[150],"severe":[151],"injection":[153],"campaigns,":[154],"SEM":[155,178],"achieves":[156],"an":[157],"average":[158],"improvement":[160],"26.58%":[162],"over":[163],"conventional":[165],"triple":[166],"modular":[167],"redundancy":[168],"voter":[169],"scheme,":[174],"while":[175],"STEM":[176],"outperforms":[177],"27.42%.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
