{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3041572974","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/drc50226.2020.9135174","title":"High-Density Multilayer Graphene Microelectrode Arrays for Optogenetic Electrophysiology in Human Embryonic Kidney Cells","display_name":"High-Density Multilayer Graphene Microelectrode Arrays for Optogenetic Electrophysiology in Human Embryonic Kidney Cells","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3041572974","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/drc50226.2020.9135174","mag":"3041572974"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/drc50226.2020.9135174","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/drc50226.2020.9135174","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 Device Research Conference (DRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080700221","display_name":"J. Park","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053026752","display_name":"Dacheng Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6434-8557"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088796938","display_name":"Yaowei Xie","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y. Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100683262","display_name":"Zheshun Xiong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6582-6005"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Z. Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001878763","display_name":"Guangyu Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1423-5399"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080700221"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.07690271,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"2"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12236","display_name":"Photoreceptor and optogenetics research","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optogenetics","display_name":"Optogenetics","score":0.8465647101402283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microelectrode","display_name":"Microelectrode","score":0.8246501684188843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multielectrode-array","display_name":"Multielectrode array","score":0.760475754737854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphene","display_name":"Graphene","score":0.7389528155326843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.7191303968429565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrophysiology","display_name":"Electrophysiology","score":0.6276283264160156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrode","display_name":"Electrode","score":0.5757433772087097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.444404661655426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.42885932326316833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.41951024532318115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.19221442937850952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.09994491934776306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50738837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q781492","display_name":"Optogenetics","level":2,"score":0.8465647101402283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111670793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16979465","display_name":"Microelectrode","level":3,"score":0.8246501684188843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95967509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952355","display_name":"Multielectrode array","level":4,"score":0.760475754737854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30080830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169917","display_name":"Graphene","level":2,"score":0.7389528155326843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7191303968429565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185263204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1154774","display_name":"Electrophysiology","level":2,"score":0.6276283264160156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.5757433772087097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.444404661655426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.42885932326316833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.41951024532318115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.19221442937850952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.09994491934776306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/drc50226.2020.9135174","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/drc50226.2020.9135174","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 Device Research Conference (DRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974867806","https://openalex.org/W2044169471","https://openalex.org/W2897843244","https://openalex.org/W2951841161","https://openalex.org/W2981088350","https://openalex.org/W4235021740"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2061877343","https://openalex.org/W2028205923","https://openalex.org/W2381760774","https://openalex.org/W2037345099","https://openalex.org/W2768056422","https://openalex.org/W2417316355","https://openalex.org/W2162019548","https://openalex.org/W4386697944","https://openalex.org/W2047718741","https://openalex.org/W2183329029"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Optogenetic":[0],"electrophysiology":[1,47,143,293],"offers":[2],"high":[3,82],"precision":[4],"cellular":[5],"analysis":[6],"by":[7,186,212,278],"electrophysiological":[8],"recording":[9,28,61,94],"under":[10],"optogenetic":[11,46,142,266,292],"control":[12],"[1]":[13,48,68,95],",":[14,51,96,113],"[2]":[15,178,224],".":[16,69,98,225,253],"Such":[17,99],"studies":[18],"often":[19],"use":[20,286],"microelectrode":[21],"arrays":[22],"(MEA)":[23],"to":[24,41,80,108,230],"obtain":[25],"massively":[26],"parallel":[27],"from":[29],"densely":[30],"packed":[31],"cells.":[32,149,296],"Among":[33],"the":[34,63,120,136,183,221,259,262,265,271,284],"MEA":[35,131,151,227,290],"materials,":[36],"graphene":[37,73,130,157,289],"has":[38,103],"been":[39],"suggested":[40],"be":[42],"well":[43],"suited":[44],"for":[45,58,92,140,158,291],"-":[49],"[3]":[50,97],"enabling":[52],"transparent,":[53],"flexible,":[54],"and":[55,85,114,245,268],"low-noise":[56],"MEAs":[57,111],"in":[59,78,87,138,144,201,220,236,294],"vivo":[60],"of":[62,119,154,173,264,273,287],"local":[64],"field":[65],"potential":[66],"(LFP)":[67],"To":[70],"date,":[71],"most":[72],"microelectrodes":[74],"were":[75,218],"25-300":[76],"\u03bcm":[77,90],"size":[79,223],"achieve":[81],"signal-to-noise":[83],"ratios,":[84],"placed":[86],"a":[88,126,168],"150-900":[89],"pitch":[91],"single-unit":[93],"device":[100],"dimension":[101],"however":[102],"limited":[104],"spatial":[105,117],"resolution":[106],"compared":[107],"closely-packed":[109],"silicon":[110],"[4]":[112],"cannot":[115],"offer":[116],"oversampling":[118],"cell":[121],"activity.":[122],"Here":[123],"we":[124],"present":[125],"28-\u03bcm":[127],"pitched":[128],"multilayer":[129,156],"with":[132,240,258],"13-\u03bcm":[133],"sized":[134],"electrodes,":[135],"smallest":[137],"literature,":[139],"high-density":[141],"human":[145],"embryonic":[146],"kidney":[147],"(HEK)":[148],"Our":[150,188,226,281],"was":[152,164,228],"made":[153,211,219],"CVD-grown":[155],"its":[159],"low":[160],"sheet":[161],"resistance,":[162],"which":[163],"one-time":[165],"transferred":[166],"onto":[167],"Si/SiO":[169],"2":[170,191,199],"substrate,":[171],"instead":[172],"layer-by-layer":[174,213],"transfer":[175,214],"steps":[176,215],"(see":[177],")":[179,200,244,251],"that":[180],"may":[181],"increase":[182],"electrode":[184],"impedance":[185,193,203],"contaminants.":[187],"electrodes":[189],"had":[190],"M\u03a9":[192],"at":[194],"1":[195],"kHz":[196],"(2.38":[197],"\u03a9\u2022cm":[198],"electrochemical":[202],"spectroscopy":[204],"(EIS),":[205],"6":[206],"times":[207],"smaller":[208],"than":[209],"those":[210],"if":[216],"they":[217],"same":[222],"able":[229],"record":[231],"optogenetically":[232,274],"evoked":[233],"extracellular":[234],"signals":[235],"HEK":[237,295],"cells":[238,276],"co-expressed":[239],"opsins":[241],"(":[242,249],"ChR2":[243],"Ca":[246],"2+":[247],"reporters":[248],"jRCAMP1a":[250,279],"[5]":[252],"The":[254],"signal":[255],"amplitude":[256],"increased":[257],"intensity":[260],"(not":[261],"duration)":[263],"stimulus,":[267],"qualitatively":[269],"matched":[270],"position":[272],"responsive":[275],"(confirmed":[277],"imaging).":[280],"work":[282],"suggests":[283],"possible":[285],"multiplayer":[288]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}