{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3041158522","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/drc50226.2020.9135165","title":"Near-ideal Ru/N-polar GaN Schottky diode with ultralow reverse leakage","display_name":"Near-ideal Ru/N-polar GaN Schottky diode with ultralow reverse leakage","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3041158522","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/drc50226.2020.9135165","mag":"3041158522"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/drc50226.2020.9135165","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/drc50226.2020.9135165","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 Device Research Conference (DRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063931499","display_name":"Wenjian Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0483-649X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wenjian Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Santa Barbara,CA,U.S.A,93106"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Santa Barbara,CA,U.S.A,93106","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021136823","display_name":"Islam Sayed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9311-3658"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Islam Sayed","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Santa Barbara,CA,U.S.A,93106"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Santa Barbara,CA,U.S.A,93106","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023714504","display_name":"Brian Romanczyk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1909-6367"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian Romanczyk","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Santa Barbara,CA,U.S.A,93106"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Santa Barbara,CA,U.S.A,93106","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003895676","display_name":"Nirupam Hatui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8848-3312"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nirupam Hatui","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Santa Barbara,CA,U.S.A,93106"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Santa Barbara,CA,U.S.A,93106","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089334207","display_name":"Jana Georgieva","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jana Georgieva","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Santa Barbara,CA,U.S.A,93106"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Santa Barbara,CA,U.S.A,93106","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100327719","display_name":"Haoran Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1877-9599"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoran Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Santa Barbara,CA,U.S.A,93106"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Santa Barbara,CA,U.S.A,93106","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003273817","display_name":"S. Keller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6529-3516"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stacia Keller","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Santa Barbara,CA,U.S.A,93106"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Santa Barbara,CA,U.S.A,93106","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011558464","display_name":"Umesh K. Mishra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8084-9247"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Umesh K. Mishra","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Santa Barbara,CA,U.S.A,93106"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Santa Barbara,CA,U.S.A,93106","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063931499"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.07470472,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"2"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10099","display_name":"GaN-based semiconductor devices and materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10099","display_name":"GaN-based semiconductor devices and materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11853","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and interfaces","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.7931108474731445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schottky-diode","display_name":"Schottky diode","score":0.7666991949081421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.7483172416687012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leakage","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","score":0.723405659198761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schottky-barrier","display_name":"Schottky barrier","score":0.6715195775032043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.5330694317817688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-electron-mobility-transistor","display_name":"High-electron-mobility transistor","score":0.49853086471557617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reverse-leakage-current","display_name":"Reverse leakage current","score":0.4796617329120636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermionic-emission","display_name":"Thermionic emission","score":0.4770607054233551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polar","display_name":"Polar","score":0.4548739194869995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gallium-nitride","display_name":"Gallium nitride","score":0.4302102327346802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dielectric","display_name":"Dielectric","score":0.4280979633331299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diode","display_name":"Diode","score":0.3762907385826111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.33994126319885254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.23227202892303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electron","display_name":"Electron","score":0.15678110718727112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.1205119788646698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09900370240211487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.07522121071815491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.06284204125404358}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7931108474731445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205200001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176066","display_name":"Schottky diode","level":3,"score":0.7666991949081421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.7483172416687012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777042071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6509304","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","level":2,"score":0.723405659198761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16115445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2391942","display_name":"Schottky barrier","level":3,"score":0.6715195775032043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.5330694317817688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162057924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1617706","display_name":"High-electron-mobility transistor","level":4,"score":0.49853086471557617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20615193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2309288","display_name":"Reverse leakage current","level":4,"score":0.4796617329120636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143979616","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215259","display_name":"Thermionic emission","level":3,"score":0.4770607054233551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29705727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294562","display_name":"Polar","level":2,"score":0.4548739194869995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778871202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411713","display_name":"Gallium nitride","level":3,"score":0.4302102327346802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133386390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184996","display_name":"Dielectric","level":2,"score":0.4280979633331299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78434282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11656","display_name":"Diode","level":2,"score":0.3762907385826111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.33994126319885254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.23227202892303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147120987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2225","display_name":"Electron","level":2,"score":0.15678110718727112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.1205119788646698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09900370240211487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.07522121071815491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.06284204125404358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/drc50226.2020.9135165","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/drc50226.2020.9135165","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 Device Research Conference (DRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8399999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965325541","https://openalex.org/W2048475485","https://openalex.org/W2065182863","https://openalex.org/W2573636126","https://openalex.org/W2769091763","https://openalex.org/W2958614574","https://openalex.org/W3000344785"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2060153294","https://openalex.org/W2124225698","https://openalex.org/W2472160638","https://openalex.org/W2398563111","https://openalex.org/W2559825181","https://openalex.org/W3209950509","https://openalex.org/W4311808571","https://openalex.org/W4377089489","https://openalex.org/W1975307200","https://openalex.org/W1538539484"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"N-polar":[0,27,44,69,97,126],"GaN":[1,28,70,98,127],"based":[2],"HEMTs":[3,45],"have":[4,86],"demonstrated":[5],"superior":[6],"performance":[7,25],"for":[8],"solid-state":[9],"millimeter":[10],"wave":[11],"power":[12],"amplifiers":[13],"[1]":[14],",":[15],"[2]":[16],".":[17,142,191],"To":[18],"further":[19],"improve":[20],"the":[21,57,62,89,93,103,119,152,157],"high-frequency":[22],"and":[23,78,96,102,139,156,186],"high-power":[24],"in":[26,68,113],"HEMTs,":[29],"using":[30,66],"a":[31,37,47],"small":[32],"gate":[33,49,53,63,94],"length":[34],"while":[35],"preserving":[36],"good":[38],"aspect":[39,58],"ratio":[40],"is":[41,71,167,176],"critical.":[42],"Currently,":[43],"utilize":[46],"thin":[48],"dielectric":[50],"to":[51,74,110],"reduce":[52],"leakage.":[54],"This":[55],"reduces":[56],"ratio.":[59],"Therefore,":[60],"removing":[61],"dielectrics,":[64],"i.e.":[65],"Schottky-HEMTs":[67],"very":[72],"attractive":[73],"pursue":[75],"highly":[76],"scaled":[77],"high-performance":[79],"devices.":[80],"Previous":[81],"studies":[82],"[3]":[83],"\u2013":[84],"[6]":[85],"shown":[87],"that":[88],"barrier":[90,144,165],"heights":[91],"between":[92],"metals":[95],"are":[99],"relatively":[100],"low":[101],"reverse":[104,137,158,174],"leakages":[105],"may":[106],"be":[107,111],"too":[108],"high":[109],"used":[112],"practical":[114],"Schottky-HEMTs.":[115],"Here,":[116],"we":[117],"report":[118],"first":[120],"investigation":[121],"of":[122],"ruthenium":[123],"(Ru)":[124],"on":[125],"Schottky":[128,134],"barrier.":[129],"The":[130,143,163,173],"device":[131],"shows":[132],"near-ideal":[133],"characteristic":[135],"under":[136],"bias":[138,141,154,159],"forward":[140,153],"height":[145,166],"values":[146],"at":[147,170,183],"various":[148],"temperatures":[149],"extracted":[150,164],"from":[151],"region":[155,160],"agree":[161],"well.":[162],"0.77":[168],"eV":[169],"room":[171],"temperature.":[172],"leakage":[175],"ultralow":[177],"with":[178],"~10":[179],"-6":[180],"A/cm":[181],"2":[182],"-5":[184],"V":[185],"follows":[187],"ideal":[188],"thermionic":[189],"behavior":[190]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
