{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2525037215","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dmiaf.2016.7574937","title":"Refining PRNU-based detection of image forgeries","display_name":"Refining PRNU-based detection of image forgeries","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2525037215","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dmiaf.2016.7574937","mag":"2525037215"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/dmiaf.2016.7574937","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dmiaf.2016.7574937","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 Digital Media Industry &amp; Academic Forum (DMIAF)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/conference_contribution/Refining_PRNU-based_detection_of_image_forgeries/20767357","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047320816","display_name":"Xufeng Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3400-8700"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xufeng Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075200053","display_name":"Chang\u2010Tsun Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4735-6138"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chang-Tsun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047320816"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1689,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57949132,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"222","last_page":"226"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9842000007629395,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7092294096946716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.6616009473800659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.630681574344635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5836432576179504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/watermark","display_name":"Watermark","score":0.5710388422012329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5429243445396423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.5096852779388428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5052586197853088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistic","display_name":"Statistic","score":0.4701445400714874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-watermarking","display_name":"Digital watermarking","score":0.4544045329093933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-restoration","display_name":"Image restoration","score":0.44464555382728577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sliding-window-protocol","display_name":"Sliding window protocol","score":0.44318336248397827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/template-matching","display_name":"Template matching","score":0.4318537414073944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.41518062353134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.35143542289733887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/window","display_name":"Window (computing)","score":0.3169177770614624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.27709001302719116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.24516001343727112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.22007715702056885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.15411338210105896}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7092294096946716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.6616009473800659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.630681574344635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5836432576179504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164112704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7974348","display_name":"Watermark","level":3,"score":0.5710388422012329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5429243445396423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.5096852779388428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5052586197853088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89128539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1949963","display_name":"Statistic","level":2,"score":0.4701445400714874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150817343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875932","display_name":"Digital watermarking","level":3,"score":0.4544045329093933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106430172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6002272","display_name":"Image restoration","level":4,"score":0.44464555382728577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102392041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q592860","display_name":"Sliding window protocol","level":3,"score":0.44318336248397827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158096908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3983303","display_name":"Template matching","level":3,"score":0.4318537414073944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.41518062353134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.35143542289733887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778751112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835016","display_name":"Window (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3169177770614624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.27709001302719116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.24516001343727112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.22007715702056885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.15411338210105896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/dmiaf.2016.7574937","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dmiaf.2016.7574937","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 Digital Media Industry &amp; Academic Forum (DMIAF)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:wrap.warwick.ac.uk:136554","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400665","display_name":"Warwick Research Archive Portal (University of Warwick)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","host_organization_name":"University of Warwick","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Item"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/20767357","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/conference_contribution/Refining_PRNU-based_detection_of_image_forgeries/20767357","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/20767357","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/conference_contribution/Refining_PRNU-based_detection_of_image_forgeries/20767357","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6700000166893005}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2006028575","https://openalex.org/W2048265462","https://openalex.org/W2056370875","https://openalex.org/W2082008435","https://openalex.org/W2093729799","https://openalex.org/W2096754397","https://openalex.org/W2120818232","https://openalex.org/W2160956336","https://openalex.org/W2170343586","https://openalex.org/W2208109665","https://openalex.org/W2271556243","https://openalex.org/W6678827375"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2137394636","https://openalex.org/W2358993821","https://openalex.org/W1516446231","https://openalex.org/W1559740347","https://openalex.org/W2098152888","https://openalex.org/W2040356834","https://openalex.org/W2385289568","https://openalex.org/W2381486749","https://openalex.org/W1514507288","https://openalex.org/W2183032046"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Photo":[0],"Response":[1],"Non-Uniformity":[2],"(PRNU)":[3],"noise":[4,35],"can":[5],"be":[6],"considered":[7],"as":[8,61,82,124],"a":[9,50,62,67,111],"spread-spectrum":[10],"watermark":[11],"embedded":[12],"in":[13,31,41,49,77,136],"every":[14],"image":[15,40,174],"taken":[16],"by":[17,71,144],"the":[18,29,39,46,74,78,85,91,94,98,103,106,113,117,133,137,142,146,151,158,165],"source":[19],"imaging":[20],"device.":[21],"It":[22],"has":[23],"been":[24],"effectively":[25],"used":[26],"for":[27],"localizing":[28],"forgeries":[30],"digital":[32],"images.":[33],"The":[34,155],"residual":[36],"extracted":[37],"from":[38],"question":[42],"is":[43,65,80,88,162],"compared":[44],"with":[45],"reference":[47],"PRNU":[48],"sliding-window":[51],"based":[52,149],"manner.":[53],"If":[54],"their":[55],"normalized":[56],"cross":[57],"correlation,":[58],"which":[59],"servers":[60],"decision":[63,86,147],"statistic,":[64],"below":[66],"pre-determined":[68],"threshold":[69,148],"(e.g.,":[70],"Neyman-Pearson":[72],"criterion),":[73],"center":[75],"pixel":[76],"window":[79,100],"declared":[81],"forged.":[83],"However,":[84],"statistic":[87],"calculated":[89],"over":[90],"forged":[92,118],"and":[93,140],"non-forged":[95],"regions":[96],"when":[97],"sliding":[99],"falls":[101],"near":[102],"boundary":[104],"of":[105,116,157,167,172],"two":[107],"different":[108,170],"regions.":[109],"As":[110],"result,":[112],"corresponding":[114],"pixels":[115],"region":[119,139],"are":[120],"probably":[121],"wrongly":[122],"identified":[123],"genuine":[125],"ones.":[126],"To":[127],"alleviate":[128],"this":[129],"problem,":[130],"we":[131],"analyze":[132],"correlation":[134,153],"distribution":[135],"problematic":[138],"refine":[141],"detection":[143],"weighting":[145],"on":[150],"altered":[152],"distribution.":[154],"effectiveness":[156],"proposed":[159],"refining":[160],"algorithm":[161],"confirmed":[163],"through":[164],"results":[166],"detecting":[168],"three":[169],"kinds":[171],"realistic":[173],"forgeries.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
