{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408325703","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dese63988.2024.10912039","title":"Enhancing Freezing of Gait Prediction in Parkinson\u2019s Disease Using Machine Learning and Explainable AI","display_name":"Enhancing Freezing of Gait Prediction in Parkinson\u2019s Disease Using Machine Learning and Explainable AI","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408325703","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dese63988.2024.10912039"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/dese63988.2024.10912039","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dese63988.2024.10912039","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 17th International Conference on Development in eSystem Engineering (DeSE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094215274","display_name":"Hagar Elbatanouny","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8186-9595"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29891158","display_name":"University of Sharjah","ror":"https://ror.org/00engpz63","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29891158"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hagar Elbatanouny","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Sharjah,Electrical Engineering Department,Sharjah,UAE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sharjah,Electrical Engineering Department,Sharjah,UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29891158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029820100","display_name":"Natasa Kleanthous","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4193-0699"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163151358","display_name":"Cyprus University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05qt8tf94","country_code":"CY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163151358"]}],"countries":["CY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Natasa Kleanthous","raw_affiliation_strings":["O & P Electronics & Robotics Ltd,Research and Development (SheepFenceAI Group),Limassol,Cyprus"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"O & P Electronics & Robotics Ltd,Research and Development (SheepFenceAI Group),Limassol,Cyprus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163151358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112285274","display_name":"Suhaib Salah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7568-1695"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29891158","display_name":"University of Sharjah","ror":"https://ror.org/00engpz63","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29891158"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suhaib Salah","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Sharjah,Electrical Engineering Department,Sharjah,UAE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sharjah,Electrical Engineering Department,Sharjah,UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29891158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001164203","display_name":"Soliman A. Mahmoud","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0581-1796"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29891158","display_name":"University of Sharjah","ror":"https://ror.org/00engpz63","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29891158"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soliman Mahmoud","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Sharjah,Electrical Engineering Department,Sharjah,UAE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sharjah,Electrical Engineering Department,Sharjah,UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29891158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025789067","display_name":"Abir Hussain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8413-0045"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29891158","display_name":"University of Sharjah","ror":"https://ror.org/00engpz63","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29891158"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abir Hussain","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Sharjah,Electrical Engineering Department,Sharjah,UAE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sharjah,Electrical Engineering Department,Sharjah,UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29891158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5094215274"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29891158"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3874,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68885867,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"236","last_page":"241"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.9871000051498413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.9871000051498413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10863","display_name":"Voice and Speech Disorders","score":0.930899977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10114","display_name":"Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention","score":0.9126999974250793,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3612","display_name":"Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gait","display_name":"Gait","score":0.681196391582489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parkinsons-disease","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","score":0.5959895849227905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5718364119529724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5179387927055359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5000815391540527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease","display_name":"Disease","score":0.3805932402610779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-medicine-and-rehabilitation","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","score":0.34762102365493774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.1372184157371521}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151800584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370000","display_name":"Gait","level":2,"score":0.681196391582489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779734285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11085","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","level":3,"score":0.5959895849227905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5718364119529724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5179387927055359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5000815391540527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.3805932402610779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.34762102365493774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1372184157371521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/dese63988.2024.10912039","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dese63988.2024.10912039","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 17th International Conference on Development in eSystem Engineering (DeSE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2013996424","https://openalex.org/W2037643601","https://openalex.org/W2102636708","https://openalex.org/W2171181994","https://openalex.org/W3198183881","https://openalex.org/W4380607107","https://openalex.org/W4386821295","https://openalex.org/W4387661154","https://openalex.org/W4387802454","https://openalex.org/W4390963826","https://openalex.org/W4391884809","https://openalex.org/W4392086645","https://openalex.org/W4392242341","https://openalex.org/W4394717446","https://openalex.org/W4394845951","https://openalex.org/W4399368429","https://openalex.org/W4399433474","https://openalex.org/W4399807798","https://openalex.org/W4399867525","https://openalex.org/W4400015054","https://openalex.org/W4400381856","https://openalex.org/W4401597635","https://openalex.org/W6858276302"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3134596587","https://openalex.org/W2008860278","https://openalex.org/W2031771476","https://openalex.org/W3216329096","https://openalex.org/W1989734657","https://openalex.org/W2416973532","https://openalex.org/W3116665257","https://openalex.org/W4226004263","https://openalex.org/W2011324577","https://openalex.org/W4210601529"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Parkinson\u2019s":[0],"disease":[1],"(PD)":[2],"is":[3,34],"a":[4,77,83,126,131,136],"progressive":[5],"neurode-generative":[6],"disorder":[7],"that":[8,125],"affects":[9],"millions":[10],"of":[11,18,30,52,55,97,102,114,147],"individuals":[12],"worldwide,":[13],"significantly":[14],"impairing":[15],"their":[16],"quality":[17],"life":[19],"through":[20],"motor":[21],"symptoms":[22],"such":[23,169],"as":[24,170],"tremors,":[25],"rigidity,":[26],"and":[27,57,68,75,87,106,135,158,173,190],"particularly,":[28],"Freezing":[29],"Gait":[31],"(FOG).":[32],"FOG":[33],"characterized":[35],"by":[36],"transient":[37],"episodes":[38],"where":[39],"patients":[40],"temporarily":[41],"lose":[42],"the":[43,92,95,112,115,141,164],"ability":[44],"to":[45,73,186],"initiate":[46],"or":[47],"continue":[48],"walking,":[49],"posing":[50],"risks":[51],"falls,":[53],"loss":[54],"independence,":[56],"psychological":[58],"distress.":[59],"This":[60],"study":[61,93],"leverages":[62],"advancements":[63],"in":[64,100],"machine":[65],"learning":[66],"(ML)":[67],"explainable":[69],"artificial":[70],"intelligence":[71],"(XAI)":[72],"develop":[74],"validate":[76],"predictive":[78,188],"model":[79,181],"for":[80],"FOG.":[81],"Using":[82],"publicly":[84],"available":[85],"dataset":[86],"employing":[88],"various":[89],"ML":[90],"techniques,":[91],"evaluates":[94],"performance":[96],"these":[98],"models":[99],"terms":[101],"accuracy,":[103],"precision,":[104],"recall,":[105],"F1-score.":[107],"Incorporating":[108],"XAI":[109],"methods":[110],"enhances":[111],"interpretability":[113],"model,":[116],"making":[117],"its":[118],"predictions":[119],"more":[120],"transparent.":[121],"The":[122],"results":[123],"indicate":[124],"5-second":[127,132],"window":[128],"size":[129],"with":[130,144],"pre-FOG":[133],"period":[134],"Random":[137],"Forest":[138],"classifier":[139],"achieved":[140],"highest":[142],"performance,":[143],"an":[145],"accuracy":[146,189],"$\\mathbf{9":[148],"9.":[149],"3":[150],"4":[151],"\\%}$.":[152],"Interpretability":[153],"analyses,":[154],"including":[155],"permutation":[156],"importance":[157],"Partial":[159],"Dependence":[160],"Plots":[161],"(PDP),":[162],"highlight":[163],"key":[165],"features":[166],"influencing":[167],"predictions,":[168],"peak":[171],"frequencies":[172],"statistical":[174],"measures.":[175],"Future":[176],"work":[177],"will":[178],"focus":[179],"on":[180],"generalizability,":[182],"exploring":[183],"additional":[184],"datasets":[185],"improve":[187],"clinical":[191],"applicability.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-28T23:10:05.387466","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}