{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3159809463","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ddecs52668.2021.9417025","title":"On the Functional Test of Special Function Units in GPUs","display_name":"On the Functional Test of Special Function Units in GPUs","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3159809463","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ddecs52668.2021.9417025","mag":"3159809463"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ddecs52668.2021.9417025","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ddecs52668.2021.9417025","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 24th International Symposium on Design and Diagnostics of Electronic Circuits &amp; Systems (DDECS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046650816","display_name":"Juan-David Guerrero-Balaguera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6852-2372"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Polytechnic University of Turin","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Juan-David Guerrero-Balaguera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107558399","display_name":"Josie E. Rodriguez Condia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5957-5624"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Polytechnic University of Turin","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Josie E. Rodriguez Condia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058555274","display_name":"M. Sonza Reorda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2899-7669"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Polytechnic University of Turin","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matteo Sonza Reorda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046650816"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0027,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7511043,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"81","last_page":"86"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8437144756317139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.5584288239479065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.5494876503944397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.4745153784751892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-injection","display_name":"Fault injection","score":0.47435462474823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-coverage","display_name":"Fault coverage","score":0.4650384783744812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pseudorandom-number-generator","display_name":"Pseudorandom number generator","score":0.451539546251297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-purpose-computing-on-graphics-processing-units","display_name":"General-purpose computing on graphics processing units","score":0.4167509973049164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.33865317702293396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3287684917449951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.32010897994041443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2602721154689789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.10020357370376587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.08632838726043701}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8437144756317139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.5584288239479065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.5494876503944397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.4745153784751892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775928411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2041312","display_name":"Fault injection","level":3,"score":0.47435462474823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126953365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5438152","display_name":"Fault coverage","level":3,"score":0.4650384783744812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140642157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1623338","display_name":"Pseudorandom number generator","level":2,"score":0.451539546251297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50630238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q971505","display_name":"General-purpose computing on graphics processing units","level":3,"score":0.4167509973049164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.33865317702293396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3287684917449951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.32010897994041443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2602721154689789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.10020357370376587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.08632838726043701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ddecs52668.2021.9417025","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ddecs52668.2021.9417025","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 24th International Symposium on Design and Diagnostics of Electronic Circuits &amp; Systems (DDECS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977722048","https://openalex.org/W1987163471","https://openalex.org/W2054095206","https://openalex.org/W2080592089","https://openalex.org/W2125614145","https://openalex.org/W2141957537","https://openalex.org/W2154711067","https://openalex.org/W2155503253","https://openalex.org/W2162696040","https://openalex.org/W2896334750","https://openalex.org/W2978306198","https://openalex.org/W3001061271","https://openalex.org/W3002188374","https://openalex.org/W3023609977","https://openalex.org/W3111271228","https://openalex.org/W3170796100","https://openalex.org/W4251213825","https://openalex.org/W6683924615","https://openalex.org/W6787000156"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2027716782","https://openalex.org/W2130922779","https://openalex.org/W4224229821","https://openalex.org/W1529264663","https://openalex.org/W4309582188","https://openalex.org/W2082366402","https://openalex.org/W2120242933","https://openalex.org/W1657300322","https://openalex.org/W2055295790","https://openalex.org/W2083209667"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,138,157],"Graphics":[1],"Processing":[2],"Units":[3,52],"(GPUs)":[4],"usage":[5],"has":[6],"extended":[7],"from":[8],"graphic":[9],"applications":[10,28],"to":[11,21,78,112,122,127,147,172,187],"others":[12],"where":[13],"their":[14],"high":[15],"computational":[16],"power":[17],"is":[18],"exploited":[19],"(e.g.,":[20,65],"implement":[22],"Artificial":[23],"Intelligence":[24],"algorithms).":[25],"These":[26],"complex":[27],"usually":[29],"need":[30],"highly":[31],"intensive":[32],"computations":[33],"based":[34,95],"on":[35,96],"floating-point":[36],"transcendental":[37],"functions.":[38],"GPUs":[39],"may":[40],"efficiently":[41],"compute":[42],"these":[43],"functions":[44],"in":[45,58,66,105],"hardware":[46],"using":[47],"ad":[48],"hoc":[49],"Special":[50],"Function":[51],"(SFUs).":[53],"However,":[54],"a":[55,91,97,114],"permanent":[56],"fault":[57,168],"such":[59],"units":[60],"could":[61],"be":[62],"very":[63],"critical":[64],"safety-critical":[67],"automotive":[68],"applications).":[69],"Thus,":[70],"test":[71,93,115,131,183],"methodologies":[72],"for":[73],"SFUs":[74,104],"are":[75],"strictly":[76],"required":[77,136,180],"achieve":[79],"the":[80,103,124,130,135,162,179],"target":[81],"reliability":[82],"and":[83,117,133,170,182],"safety":[84],"levels.":[85],"In":[86],"this":[87,141],"work,":[88],"we":[89],"present":[90],"functional":[92],"method":[94,108],"Software-Based":[98],"Self-Test":[99],"(SBST)":[100],"approach":[101],"targeting":[102],"GPUs.":[106,156],"This":[107],"exploits":[109],"different":[110],"approaches":[111],"build":[113],"program":[116],"applies":[118],"several":[119],"optimization":[120],"strategies":[121,189],"exploit":[123],"GPU":[125,150],"parallelism":[126],"speed":[128],"up":[129,171],"procedure":[132],"reduce":[134],"memory.":[137],"effectiveness":[139],"of":[140,167,174],"methodology":[142],"was":[143],"proven":[144],"by":[145,191],"resorting":[146],"an":[148],"open-source":[149],"model":[151],"(FlexGripPlus)":[152],"compatible":[153],"with":[154,185],"NVIDIA":[155],"experimental":[158],"results":[159],"show":[160],"that":[161],"proposed":[163,190],"technique":[164],"achieves":[165],"90.75%":[166],"coverage":[169],"94.26%":[173],"Testable":[175],"Fault":[176],"Coverage,":[177],"reducing":[178],"memory":[181],"duration":[184],"respect":[186],"pseudorandom":[188],"other":[192],"authors.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
