{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3145380281","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/date.2012.6176642","title":"SAFER PATH: Security architecture using fragmented execution and replication for protection against trojaned hardware","display_name":"SAFER PATH: Security architecture using fragmented execution and replication for protection against trojaned hardware","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3145380281","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/date.2012.6176642","mag":"3145380281"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/date.2012.6176642","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/date.2012.6176642","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 Design, Automation &amp; Test in Europe Conference &amp; Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006678260","display_name":"Mark Beaumont","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9913-2227"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1303474014","display_name":"Defence Science and Technology Group","ror":"https://ror.org/05ddrvt52","country_code":"AU","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303474014","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I3139952251"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M. Beaumont","raw_affiliation_strings":["Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Adelaide, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Adelaide, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1303474014"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026587145","display_name":"Bradley Hopkins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7172-6939"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1303474014","display_name":"Defence Science and Technology Group","ror":"https://ror.org/05ddrvt52","country_code":"AU","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303474014","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I3139952251"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Hopkins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Adelaide, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Adelaide, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1303474014"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019638053","display_name":"Tristan Newby","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1303474014","display_name":"Defence Science and Technology Group","ror":"https://ror.org/05ddrvt52","country_code":"AU","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303474014","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I3139952251"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Newby","raw_affiliation_strings":["Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Adelaide, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Adelaide, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1303474014"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006678260"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1303474014"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9006,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91334083,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1000","last_page":"1005"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9822999835014343,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safer","display_name":"SAFER","score":0.7798110246658325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.725182831287384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confidentiality","display_name":"Confidentiality","score":0.5949852466583252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/replication","display_name":"Replication (statistics)","score":0.5880969762802124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.5525668263435364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.500669002532959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4907015562057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4905802309513092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trusted-computing-base","display_name":"Trusted computing base","score":0.4587981104850769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.44960951805114746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.39200764894485474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.20079219341278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.1278025507926941}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776654903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2601463","display_name":"SAFER","level":2,"score":0.7798110246658325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.725182831287384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71745522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2476929","display_name":"Confidentiality","level":2,"score":0.5949852466583252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12590798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3933199","display_name":"Replication (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5880969762802124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.5525668263435364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.500669002532959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4907015562057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4905802309513092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147346212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5492632","display_name":"Trusted computing base","level":4,"score":0.4587981104850769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.44960951805114746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.39200764894485474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.20079219341278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.1278025507926941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184842701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370563","display_name":"Cloud computing security","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/date.2012.6176642","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/date.2012.6176642","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 Design, Automation &amp; Test in Europe Conference &amp; Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.699999988079071,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W55498561","https://openalex.org/W83507793","https://openalex.org/W242539849","https://openalex.org/W1965115062","https://openalex.org/W1998246498","https://openalex.org/W2054753696","https://openalex.org/W2097624522","https://openalex.org/W2099836087","https://openalex.org/W2100303471","https://openalex.org/W2103413669","https://openalex.org/W2120912790","https://openalex.org/W2122509673","https://openalex.org/W2124954128","https://openalex.org/W2160597734","https://openalex.org/W2161998562","https://openalex.org/W2162422644","https://openalex.org/W3142402742","https://openalex.org/W6602267258","https://openalex.org/W6603425920","https://openalex.org/W6609277377"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2096848550","https://openalex.org/W2898002554","https://openalex.org/W2124870959","https://openalex.org/W2393541807","https://openalex.org/W1584625515","https://openalex.org/W2805391225","https://openalex.org/W2304523314","https://openalex.org/W1847783446","https://openalex.org/W14296039","https://openalex.org/W2097351905"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ensuring":[0],"electronic":[1,39],"components":[2,40],"are":[3,41,114],"free":[4],"from":[5,33,119],"Hardware":[6,83,124],"Trojans":[7],"is":[8,73],"a":[9,69,104],"very":[10],"difficult":[11],"task.":[12],"Research":[13],"suggests":[14],"that":[15,72],"even":[16],"the":[17,45,53,79,87,90,92,120],"best":[18],"pre-":[19],"and":[20,60,65,98],"post-deployment":[21],"detection":[22],"mechanisms":[23],"will":[24],"not":[25],"discover":[26],"all":[27],"malicious":[28],"inclusions,":[29],"nor":[30],"prevent":[31],"them":[32],"being":[34,96],"activated.":[35],"For":[36],"economic":[37],"reasons":[38],"used":[42],"regardless":[43],"of":[44,48,81,89,94,122],"possible":[46],"presence":[47,80],"such":[49],"Trojans.":[50,84,125],"We":[51,85],"developed":[52],"SAFER":[54],"PATH":[55],"architecture,":[56],"which":[57],"uses":[58],"instruction":[59],"data":[61,95],"fragmentation,":[62],"program":[63],"replication,":[64],"voting":[66],"to":[67,75,116],"create":[68],"computational":[70],"system":[71,100],"able":[74,115],"operate":[76],"safely":[77],"in":[78],"active":[82],"protect":[86,117],"integrity":[88],"computation,":[91],"confidentiality":[93],"processed":[97],"ensure":[99],"availability.":[101],"By":[102],"combining":[103],"small":[105],"Trusted":[106],"Computing":[107],"Base":[108],"with":[109],"Commercial-Off-The-Shelf":[110],"processing":[111],"elements,":[112],"we":[113],"computation":[118],"effects":[121],"arbitrary":[123]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
