{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2161414442","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/date.2011.5763275","title":"System-level energy-efficient scheduling for hard real-time embedded systems","display_name":"System-level energy-efficient scheduling for hard real-time embedded systems","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2161414442","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/date.2011.5763275","mag":"2161414442"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/date.2011.5763275","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/date.2011.5763275","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Design, Automation &amp; Test in Europe","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068114621","display_name":"Linwei Niu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6543-6660"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16892885","display_name":"Claflin University","ror":"https://ror.org/052rx6v10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16892885"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Linwei Niu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Math and Computer Science, Claflin University, Orangeburg, SC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Math and Computer Science, Claflin University, Orangeburg, SC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16892885"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068114621"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16892885"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7702,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91466208,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7816025018692017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.6692085862159729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-voltage-scaling","display_name":"Dynamic voltage scaling","score":0.6531925797462463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.6115611791610718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/idle","display_name":"Idle","score":0.5462174415588379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preemption","display_name":"Preemption","score":0.5396679639816284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fixed-priority-pre-emptive-scheduling","display_name":"Fixed-priority pre-emptive scheduling","score":0.5267476439476013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.5185638070106506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/least-slack-time-scheduling","display_name":"Least slack time scheduling","score":0.4942324459552765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.49356329441070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.47674357891082764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-priority-scheduling","display_name":"Dynamic priority scheduling","score":0.4230755567550659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fair-share-scheduling","display_name":"Fair-share scheduling","score":0.4113805890083313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.4108573794364929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.38100162148475647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3619195818901062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rate-monotonic-scheduling","display_name":"Rate-monotonic scheduling","score":0.3382244110107422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1584872305393219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10273510217666626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.08155375719070435}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7816025018692017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.6692085862159729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776047111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q632037","display_name":"Dynamic voltage scaling","level":3,"score":0.6531925797462463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.6115611791610718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16320812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1812200","display_name":"Idle","level":2,"score":0.5462174415588379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206952183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193100","display_name":"Preemption","level":2,"score":0.5396679639816284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122141398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5456330","display_name":"Fixed-priority pre-emptive scheduling","level":5,"score":0.5267476439476013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.5185638070106506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132439773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1810747","display_name":"Least slack time scheduling","level":5,"score":0.4942324459552765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.49356329441070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.47674357891082764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107568181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5319000","display_name":"Dynamic priority scheduling","level":3,"score":0.4230755567550659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31689143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q733809","display_name":"Fair-share scheduling","level":3,"score":0.4113805890083313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.4108573794364929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.38100162148475647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3619195818901062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127456818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q238879","display_name":"Rate-monotonic scheduling","level":4,"score":0.3382244110107422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1584872305393219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10273510217666626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.08155375719070435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68387754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7271585","display_name":"Schedule","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/date.2011.5763275","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/date.2011.5763275","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Design, Automation &amp; Test in Europe","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9100000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966770256","https://openalex.org/W1982224467","https://openalex.org/W2007107905","https://openalex.org/W2110512440","https://openalex.org/W2117286131","https://openalex.org/W2138305065","https://openalex.org/W2140999304"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2180341352","https://openalex.org/W1839837899","https://openalex.org/W2156406007","https://openalex.org/W2982117746","https://openalex.org/W4289828706","https://openalex.org/W2052110143","https://openalex.org/W2120240184","https://openalex.org/W2969657454","https://openalex.org/W1503616632","https://openalex.org/W2161414442"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,86],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,89],"present":[4,91],"a":[5,26,105],"system":[6],"level":[7],"dynamic":[8,106],"scheduling":[9,107],"algorithm":[10],"to":[11,79,94,120],"minimize":[12],"the":[13,17,33,38,42,54,63,96,112,122,126,139],"energy":[14,51,55,76,123,141],"consumption":[15,124,142],"by":[16],"DVS":[18],"processor":[19,127],"and":[20,117,128,146],"multiple":[21],"non-DVS":[22],"peripheral":[23,147],"devices":[24],"in":[25,111],"hard":[27],"real-time":[28],"system.":[29],"We":[30],"show":[31],"that":[32],"previous":[34],"work":[35],"which":[36],"adopts":[37],"critical":[39],"speed":[40,115],"as":[41],"lower":[43],"bound":[44],"for":[45,143],"scaling":[46],"might":[47,72],"not":[48,60,73],"be":[49,74],"most":[50],"efficient":[52,77],"when":[53],"overhead":[56],"of":[57,82,98,114,125],"shutting-down/waking-up":[58],"is":[59,109],"negligible.":[61],"Moreover,":[62],"widely":[64],"used":[65],"statically":[66],"defined":[67],"break":[68,99],"even":[69,100],"idle":[70,101],"time":[71,102],"overall":[75],"due":[78],"its":[80],"independence":[81],"job":[83],"execution":[84],"situations.":[85],"our":[87,134],"approach,":[88],"first":[90],"an":[92],"approach":[93,108,135],"enhance":[95],"computation":[97],"dynamically.":[103],"Then":[104],"proposed":[110],"management":[113],"determination":[116],"task":[118],"preemption":[119],"reduce":[121,138],"devices.":[129,148],"Compared":[130],"with":[131],"existing":[132],"research,":[133],"can":[136],"effectively":[137],"system-level":[140],"both":[144],"CPU":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
