{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414198319","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dac63849.2025.11133120","title":"Ares: High Performance Near-Storage Accelerator for FHE-based Private Set Intersection","display_name":"Ares: High Performance Near-Storage Accelerator for FHE-based Private Set Intersection","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414198319","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dac63849.2025.11133120"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/dac63849.2025.11133120","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dac63849.2025.11133120","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 62nd ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102706250","display_name":"Haoxuan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8318-4529"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoxuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,SKLP,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,SKLP,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112396917","display_name":"Yinghao Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yinghao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,SKLP,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,SKLP,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064516527","display_name":"Jinkai Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0454-0587"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinkai Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,SKLP,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,SKLP,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014244388","display_name":"Hang L\u00fc","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6233-3538"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hang Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,SKLP,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,SKLP,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023380073","display_name":"Xiaowei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0874-814X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaowei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,SKLP,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,SKLP,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9814,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86056014,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9731000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9731000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11044","display_name":"Particle Detector Development and Performance","score":0.9513000249862671,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.9302999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homomorphic-encryption","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","score":0.6866000294685364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speedup","display_name":"Speedup","score":0.5406000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.5385000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-acceleration","display_name":"Hardware acceleration","score":0.5047000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4708000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.45570001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersection","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","score":0.4453999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.44179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password","display_name":"Password","score":0.4320000112056732}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158338273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2154943","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","level":3,"score":0.6866000294685364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68339613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1549489","display_name":"Speedup","level":2,"score":0.5406000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.5385000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13164978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q600158","display_name":"Hardware acceleration","level":3,"score":0.5047000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4708000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.45570001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4453999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.44179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109297577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161157","display_name":"Password","level":2,"score":0.4320000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.42329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3935999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117896860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11376","display_name":"Acceleration","level":2,"score":0.39160001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3864000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.359499990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.3564999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3488999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.34439998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.33489999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205606062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5249645","display_name":"Decoupling (probability)","level":2,"score":0.31940001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.31349998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.3131999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.3091000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10511746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899388","display_name":"Data security","level":3,"score":0.2987000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.27720001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11045955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1162410","display_name":"ElGamal encryption","level":4,"score":0.27619999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.26750001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.26089999079704285}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/dac63849.2025.11133120","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dac63849.2025.11133120","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 62nd ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2766393794","https://openalex.org/W2889629344","https://openalex.org/W3211947246","https://openalex.org/W4281792301","https://openalex.org/W4307925365","https://openalex.org/W4360831809","https://openalex.org/W4360831815","https://openalex.org/W4380881143","https://openalex.org/W4391160587"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nowadays,":[0],"the":[1,36,43,70,121,125,129,134,148,154,163,184],"importance":[2],"of":[3,40,46,73,83,133,153,177],"data":[4,79],"privacy":[5,25],"protection":[6,26],"has":[7],"grown":[8],"significantly.":[9],"Privacy":[10],"Set":[11],"Intersection":[12],"(PSI)":[13],"based":[14],"on":[15],"Fully":[16],"Homomorphic":[17],"Encryption":[18],"(FHE)":[19],"is":[20],"widely":[21],"applied":[22],"in":[23,48,51,113],"various":[24],"scenarios,":[27],"such":[28],"as":[29],"federated":[30],"learning":[31],"and":[32,42,81,115,131,150,180,190,197,206],"password":[33],"verification.":[34],"Nevertheless,":[35],"substantial":[37],"computational":[38,117],"demands":[39],"FHE":[41,64,187],"vast":[44],"scale":[45],"databases":[47],"PSI":[49,74,91,102,114,122,135],"result":[50],"inefficient":[52],"processing,":[53],"thereby":[54],"necessitating":[55],"specialized":[56],"accelerator":[57],"architectures":[58],"to":[59,77,109,156,172,204],"enhance":[60],"usability.":[61],"Current":[62],"general-purpose":[63],"accelerators":[65],"do":[66],"not":[67],"adequately":[68],"address":[69],"unique":[71],"requirements":[72],"applications,":[75],"leading":[76],"suboptimal":[78],"handling":[80],"underutilization":[82],"hardware,":[84],"which":[85],"impedes":[86],"their":[87],"effective":[88],"deployment":[89],"for":[90],"acceleration.":[92],"This":[93],"paper":[94],"introduces":[95],"Ares,":[96],"a":[97,167],"practical":[98],"hardware-software":[99],"co-designed":[100],"FHE-based":[101],"FPGA":[103,186],"accelerator.":[104],"We":[105,161],"propose":[106],"Lazy":[107],"Relinearization":[108],"optimize":[110],"redundant":[111],"calculations":[112],"reduce":[116],"complexity":[118],"without":[119],"changing":[120],"protocol.":[123],"At":[124],"same":[126],"time,":[127],"through":[128],"analysis":[130],"decoupling":[132],"computing":[136,151],"pattern,":[137],"we":[138],"design":[139],"an":[140],"efficient":[141],"hardware":[142,155],"acceleration":[143,159],"architecture":[144],"that":[145],"fully":[146],"utilizes":[147],"bandwidth":[149],"resources":[152],"achieve":[157],"excellent":[158],"performance.":[160],"highlight":[162],"following":[164],"result:":[165],"(1)":[166],"$47.99":[168],"\\times$":[169,179,182,196,199],"speedup":[170],"relative":[171],"CPU;":[173],"(2)":[174],"performance":[175],"improvements":[176],"$1.79":[178],"$1.93":[181],"over":[183],"state-of-theart":[185],"accelerators,":[188],"Poseidon":[189,205],"FAB,":[191,207],"respectively;":[192],"(3)":[193],"achieves":[194],"$7.96":[195],"$10.95":[198],"energy":[200],"efficiency":[201],"improvement":[202],"compared":[203],"respectively.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
