{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2583634713","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cyconus.2016.7836625","title":"Countering cyber threats: answers from international law","display_name":"Countering cyber threats: answers from international law","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2583634713","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cyconus.2016.7836625","mag":"2583634713"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cyconus.2016.7836625","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cyconus.2016.7836625","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 International Conference on Cyber Conflict (CyCon U.S.)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022277937","display_name":"Annachiara Rotondo","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Annachiara Rotondo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Political Science Jean Monnet of University of Naples II, Caserta, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Political Science Jean Monnet of University of Naples II, Caserta, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022277937"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.25747687,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12221","display_name":"Cybersecurity and Cyber Warfare Studies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12221","display_name":"Cybersecurity and Cyber Warfare Studies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13369","display_name":"European and Russian Geopolitical Military Strategies","score":0.9682000279426575,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9391999840736389,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyberspace","display_name":"Cyberspace","score":0.7496002316474915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/customary-international-law","display_name":"Customary international law","score":0.6134699583053589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-law","display_name":"International law","score":0.5920134782791138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deterrence-theory","display_name":"Deterrence theory","score":0.5884852409362793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law-and-economics","display_name":"Law and economics","score":0.5147347450256348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyberwarfare","display_name":"Cyberwarfare","score":0.514155387878418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-responsibility","display_name":"State responsibility","score":0.49834132194519043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.4793208837509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sanctions","display_name":"Sanctions","score":0.4782499372959137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.47318387031555176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dilemma","display_name":"Dilemma","score":0.46798014640808105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","score":0.44389963150024414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-community","display_name":"International community","score":0.44358253479003906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.43687543272972107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4333392381668091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.42758017778396606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-international-law","display_name":"Public international law","score":0.2889823913574219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.2591179609298706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.18837371468544006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.12170729041099548}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781241145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204606","display_name":"Cyberspace","level":3,"score":0.7496002316474915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779921323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1194894","display_name":"Customary international law","level":4,"score":0.6134699583053589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55447825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4394526","display_name":"International law","level":2,"score":0.5920134782791138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60643870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1949683","display_name":"Deterrence theory","level":2,"score":0.5884852409362793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.5147347450256348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171769113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849340","display_name":"Cyberwarfare","level":2,"score":0.514155387878418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778042224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163552","display_name":"State responsibility","level":3,"score":0.49834132194519043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4793208837509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778069335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32098","display_name":"Sanctions","level":2,"score":0.4782499372959137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.47318387031555176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778496695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254128","display_name":"Dilemma","level":2,"score":0.46798014640808105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.44389963150024414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779872411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1774161","display_name":"International community","level":3,"score":0.44358253479003906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.43687543272972107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4333392381668091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.42758017778396606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185436325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4394526","display_name":"Public international law","level":3,"score":0.2889823913574219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2591179609298706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.18837371468544006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.12170729041099548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cyconus.2016.7836625","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cyconus.2016.7836625","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 International Conference on Cyber Conflict (CyCon U.S.)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7099999785423279,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1939670987","https://openalex.org/W2058550488","https://openalex.org/W2888832978","https://openalex.org/W303786982","https://openalex.org/W194224326","https://openalex.org/W2496336364","https://openalex.org/W2513000208","https://openalex.org/W855621078","https://openalex.org/W2350592476","https://openalex.org/W2602750292"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cyber":[0],"activities,":[1],"particularly":[2],"those":[3],"of":[4,36,65,80,96,101,112,123,134,168,210,229],"a":[5,23,66,78,143,180,226],"cross-border":[6],"nature,":[7],"have":[8],"not":[9,153,164],"yet":[10],"been":[11],"subjected":[12],"to":[13,77,89,116,141,155,217,223],"international":[14,81,135,195],"regulation":[15],"despite":[16],"the":[17,34,42,50,56,60,110,121,132,148,166,172,184,190,193,205,208,218],"fact":[18],"that":[19,62,100],"cyberspace":[20],"has":[21,222],"become":[22],"strategic":[24],"domain":[25],"for":[26,147,183,225],"all":[27],"States.":[28],"This":[29],"lack":[30],"puts":[31],"at":[32],"risk":[33],"efficacy":[35],"national":[37],"defence":[38,92],"strategies":[39,93,139,162],"inasmuch":[40],"as":[41,99],"decision":[43,219],"maker":[44,220],"remains":[45,179],"inactive":[46],"because":[47,187],"assailed":[48],"by":[49,103],"so-called":[51],"response":[52],"crises.":[53],"That":[54],"is":[55,106,200],"dilemma":[57],"arising":[58],"from":[59],"doubt":[61],"in":[63,114,120,175],"case":[64],"cyber":[67,70,177],"threat,":[68],"or":[69],"attack,":[71],"any":[72,215],"operative":[73],"choice":[74],"may":[75],"lead":[76],"violation":[79],"law.":[82],"In":[83,131],"this":[84],"scenario":[85],"States":[86],"are":[87,129],"obliged":[88],"reconsider":[90],"new":[91],"and":[94],"theories":[95],"deterrence":[97,102],"such":[98],"denial,":[104],"which":[105,151],"primarily":[107],"based":[108],"on":[109,189,197,204],"concept":[111],"resilience":[113],"order":[115],"reassure":[117],"service":[118],"continuity":[119],"aftermath":[122],"destructive":[124],"events,":[125],"especially":[126],"when":[127],"they":[128],"unpredictable.":[130],"silence":[133],"law":[136,196],"active":[137],"defense":[138],"seem":[140],"be":[142],"sustainable":[144],"legal-functional":[145],"solution":[146],"targeted":[149,185],"State":[150,186],"does":[152],"wish":[154],"remain":[156],"defenseless,":[157],"but":[158],"only":[159],"if":[160,188],"these":[161],"do":[163],"reach":[165],"threshold":[167],"unlawful":[169],"conducts.":[170],"However":[171],"reaction":[173],"against":[174],"coming":[176],"attacks":[178],"tangled":[181],"problem":[182],"one":[191],"hand":[192,207],"customary":[194],"direct":[198],"responsibility":[199,212],"almost":[201],"never":[202],"applied,":[203],"other":[206],"discipline":[209],"indirect":[211],"doesn't":[213],"give":[214],"contribution":[216],"who":[221],"choose":[224],"prompt":[227],"option":[228],"reaction.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
