{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2100228623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvprw.2011.5981778","title":"Towards an Optimal Affect-Sensitive Instructional System of cognitive skills","display_name":"Towards an Optimal Affect-Sensitive Instructional System of cognitive skills","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2100228623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvprw.2011.5981778","mag":"2100228623"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cvprw.2011.5981778","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvprw.2011.5981778","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CVPR 2011 WORKSHOPS","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027788582","display_name":"Jacob Whitehill","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5851-312X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jacob Whitehill","raw_affiliation_strings":["Machine Perception Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA","Machine Perception Laboratory, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Machine Perception Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Machine Perception Laboratory, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044407065","display_name":"Zewelanji Serpell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1749-1454"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11786554","display_name":"Virginia State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04esvpn06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11786554"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zewelanji Serpell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Virginia State University (VSU), Saint Petersburg, VA, USA","Department of Psychology, Virginia State University (VSU), Petersburg, VA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Virginia State University (VSU), Saint Petersburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11786554"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Virginia State University (VSU), Petersburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11786554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058714411","display_name":"Aysha Foster","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6039-9231"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11786554","display_name":"Virginia State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04esvpn06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11786554"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aysha Foster","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Virginia State University (VSU), Saint Petersburg, VA, USA","Department of Psychology, Virginia State University (VSU), Petersburg, VA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Virginia State University (VSU), Saint Petersburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11786554"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Virginia State University (VSU), Petersburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11786554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084102246","display_name":"Yi-Ching Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6835-7116"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11786554","display_name":"Virginia State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04esvpn06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11786554"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi-Ching Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Virginia State University (VSU), Saint Petersburg, VA, USA","Department of Psychology, Virginia State University (VSU), Petersburg, VA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Virginia State University (VSU), Saint Petersburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11786554"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Virginia State University (VSU), Petersburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11786554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110583968","display_name":"Brittney Pearson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11786554","display_name":"Virginia State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04esvpn06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11786554"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brittney Pearson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Virginia State University (VSU), Saint Petersburg, VA, USA","Department of Psychology, Virginia State University (VSU), Petersburg, VA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Virginia State University (VSU), Saint Petersburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11786554"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Virginia State University (VSU), Petersburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11786554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111580862","display_name":"Marian Stewart Bartlett","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marian Bartlett","raw_affiliation_strings":["Machine Perception Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA","Machine Perception Laboratory, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Machine Perception Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Machine Perception Laboratory, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010136172","display_name":"Javier R. Movellan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Javier Movellan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Machine Perception Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA","Machine Perception Laboratory, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Machine Perception Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Machine Perception Laboratory, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027788582"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.522,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93070608,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"20","last_page":"25"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13447","display_name":"Educational and Psychological Assessments","score":0.977400004863739,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12805","display_name":"Cognitive Science and Mapping","score":0.9721999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affect","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","score":0.8721778392791748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5843156576156616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.5286501049995422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.38848209381103516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.3385399580001831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3327030539512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.14195799827575684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communication","display_name":"Communication","score":0.10264509916305542}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.8721778392791748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5843156576156616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.5286501049995422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.38848209381103516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.3385399580001831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3327030539512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.14195799827575684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.10264509916305542}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cvprw.2011.5981778","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvprw.2011.5981778","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CVPR 2011 WORKSHOPS","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.225.2996","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.225.2996","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://mplab.ucsd.edu/%7Ejake/2011-WhitehillEtAl-CVPR4HB-paper.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8799999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1538498639","https://openalex.org/W1542811167","https://openalex.org/W1774470177","https://openalex.org/W1968600824","https://openalex.org/W1982709543","https://openalex.org/W2020513728","https://openalex.org/W2086497943","https://openalex.org/W2096052074","https://openalex.org/W2106480581","https://openalex.org/W2112564774","https://openalex.org/W2123803218","https://openalex.org/W2136208491","https://openalex.org/W2146780613","https://openalex.org/W2155416760","https://openalex.org/W2157653492","https://openalex.org/W2172071592","https://openalex.org/W2546309605","https://openalex.org/W6676934228","https://openalex.org/W6682949015"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2560936962","https://openalex.org/W2788727012","https://openalex.org/W4388203630","https://openalex.org/W2526386912","https://openalex.org/W2410591377","https://openalex.org/W2031681959","https://openalex.org/W2044188186","https://openalex.org/W2039344858"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"While":[0],"great":[1],"strides":[2],"have":[3],"been":[4],"made":[5],"in":[6,26,37,51,176],"computer":[7],"vision":[8],"toward":[9],"automatically":[10],"recognizing":[11],"human":[12],"affective":[13],"states,":[14],"much":[15],"less":[16],"is":[17,40,67,92,150],"known":[18],"about":[19],"how":[20],"to":[21,46,93,106,124,140],"utilize":[22],"these":[23],"state":[24],"estimates":[25],"intelligent":[27,33],"systems.":[28,55],"For":[29],"the":[30,58,83,87,120],"case":[31],"of":[32,60,86,102,110,122,163],"tutoring":[34],"systems":[35],"(ITS)":[36],"particular,":[38],"there":[39,66],"yet":[41,68],"no":[42,69],"consensus":[43],"whether":[44],"responsiveness":[45],"students'":[47],"affect":[48,61,123],"will":[49],"result":[50],"more":[52],"effective":[53],"teaching":[54],"Even":[56],"if":[57],"benefits":[59],"recognition":[62],"were":[63],"well":[64],"established,":[65],"obvious":[70],"path":[71],"for":[72],"creating":[73],"an":[74,142],"affect-sensitive":[75,108],"automated":[76,143],"tutor.":[77],"In":[78],"this":[79],"paper":[80],"we":[81],"present":[82,100],"first":[84],"steps":[85],"OASIS":[88],"project,":[89],"whose":[90],"goal":[91],"develop":[94,107,141],"Optimal":[95],"Affect-Sensitive":[96],"Instructional":[97],"Systems.":[98],"We":[99],"results":[101,146],"a":[103],"pilot":[104],"study":[105,114],"tutors":[109],"\u201ccognitive":[111],"skills\u201d.":[112],"The":[113],"was":[115],"designed":[116],"to:":[117],"(1)":[118],"assess":[119],"importance":[121],"teaching,":[125],"and":[126],"also":[127,166],"(2)":[128],"collect":[129],"training":[130],"data":[131],"with":[132,152],"ecological":[133],"validity":[134],"that":[135,148,168],"could":[136],"later":[137],"be":[138],"used":[139],"teacher.":[144],"Experimental":[145],"suggest":[147],"affect-sensitivity":[149],"associated":[151],"higher":[153],"learning":[154,177],"gains.":[155],"Behavioral":[156],"analysis":[157],"using":[158],"automatic":[159],"facial":[160],"expression":[161],"coding":[162],"recorded":[164],"videos":[165],"suggests":[167],"smile":[169],"may":[170],"reveal":[171],"embarrassment":[172],"rather":[173],"than":[174],"achievement":[175],"scenarios.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}