{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2134213146","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvprw.2008.4563149","title":"Tracking multiple pedestrians in real-time using kinematics","display_name":"Tracking multiple pedestrians in real-time using kinematics","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2134213146","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvprw.2008.4563149","mag":"2134213146"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cvprw.2008.4563149","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvprw.2008.4563149","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042490039","display_name":"Senyo Apewokin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S. Apewokin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","Sch. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Georgia Inst. of Tech., Atlanta, GA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sch. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Georgia Inst. of Tech., Atlanta, GA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108086896","display_name":"Brian Valentine","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Valentine","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","Sch. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Georgia Inst. of Tech., Atlanta, GA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sch. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Georgia Inst. of Tech., Atlanta, GA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069543285","display_name":"R. Bales","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Bales","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","Sch. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Georgia Inst. of Tech., Atlanta, GA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sch. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Georgia Inst. of Tech., Atlanta, GA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"L. Wills","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Wills","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","Sch. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Georgia Inst. of Tech., Atlanta, GA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sch. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Georgia Inst. of Tech., Atlanta, GA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111539206","display_name":"Scott Wills","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Wills","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","Sch. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Georgia Inst. of Tech., Atlanta, GA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sch. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Georgia Inst. of Tech., Atlanta, GA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042490039"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1297,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88731398,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12597","display_name":"Fire Detection and Safety Systems","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7782361507415771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.743768572807312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kinematics","display_name":"Kinematics","score":0.6718689203262329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6712595224380493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.6662970781326294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.6270145177841187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedestrian","display_name":"Pedestrian","score":0.5817797780036926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.4905661940574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/center-of-mass","display_name":"Center of mass (relativistic)","score":0.43035072088241577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame-rate","display_name":"Frame rate","score":0.41538533568382263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.32902127504348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13650566339492798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.080412358045578}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7782361507415771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.743768572807312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39920418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11476","display_name":"Kinematics","level":2,"score":0.6718689203262329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6712595224380493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.6662970781326294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.6270145177841187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777113093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221488","display_name":"Pedestrian","level":2,"score":0.5817797780036926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4905661940574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36185635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17006925","display_name":"Center of mass (relativistic)","level":3,"score":0.43035072088241577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3261483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119565","display_name":"Frame rate","level":2,"score":0.41538533568382263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.32902127504348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13650566339492798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.080412358045578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47513753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3502299","display_name":"Energy\u2013momentum relation","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cvprw.2008.4563149","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvprw.2008.4563149","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.420.1709","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.420.1709","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://mplab.ucsd.edu/wp-content/uploads/CVPR2008/WorkShops/data/papers/200.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.7400000095367432}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1643263348","https://openalex.org/W1967320926","https://openalex.org/W1992825118","https://openalex.org/W1995903777","https://openalex.org/W2089787742","https://openalex.org/W2090110089","https://openalex.org/W2113856781","https://openalex.org/W2114701396","https://openalex.org/W2117082318","https://openalex.org/W2118025528","https://openalex.org/W2121005842","https://openalex.org/W2121899951","https://openalex.org/W2126867294","https://openalex.org/W2140235142","https://openalex.org/W2157939923","https://openalex.org/W2160646681","https://openalex.org/W2168408594","https://openalex.org/W3151111735","https://openalex.org/W6636836683","https://openalex.org/W6648736754","https://openalex.org/W6683646220"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2392100589","https://openalex.org/W2512789322","https://openalex.org/W2101960027","https://openalex.org/W2197846993","https://openalex.org/W1976827262","https://openalex.org/W49697837","https://openalex.org/W3122828758","https://openalex.org/W2170799233","https://openalex.org/W2977517636","https://openalex.org/W2810129309"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,64,81,129],"present":[1],"an":[2,29,141,171],"algorithm":[3,15,40,132,157],"for":[4,18],"real-time":[5],"tracking":[6,32],"of":[7,61,96,98,108,110,119],"multiple":[8],"pedestrians":[9,46],"in":[10,47,89,113,154,160],"a":[11,48,58,66,134],"dynamic":[12,49],"scene.":[13],"The":[14],"is":[16],"targeted":[17],"embedded":[19],"systems":[20],"and":[21,24,92,166],"reduces":[22],"computational":[23],"storage":[25],"costs":[26],"by":[27],"using":[28],"inexpensive":[30,142],"kinematic":[31],"model":[33],"with":[34,54,117,140],"only":[35],"fixed-point":[36],"arithmetic":[37],"representations.":[38],"Our":[39,144,156],"leverages":[41],"from":[42,78,123,150,164],"the":[43,74,79,90,94,106,114,124],"observation":[44],"that":[45],"scene":[50],"tend":[51],"to":[52,71,86,152],"move":[53],"uniform":[55],"speed":[56],"over":[57],"small":[59],"number":[60],"consecutive":[62],"frames.":[63,128],"use":[65,83],"multimodal":[67],"background":[68],"modeling":[69],"technique":[70],"accurately":[72],"segment":[73],"foreground":[75,91],"(moving":[76],"people)":[77],"background.":[80],"then":[82],"connectivity":[84],"analysis":[85],"identify":[87],"blobs":[88],"calculate":[93],"center":[95,107,118],"mass":[97,109,120],"each":[99,111,148],"blob.":[100],"Finally,":[101],"we":[102],"establish":[103],"correspondence":[104],"between":[105],"blob":[112],"current":[115],"frame":[116,151,153],"information":[121],"gathered":[122],"two":[125],"immediately":[126],"preceding":[127],"evaluate":[130],"our":[131],"on":[133,170],"real":[135],"outdoor":[136],"video":[137],"sequence":[138],"taken":[139],"webcam.":[143],"implementation":[145],"successfully":[146],"tracks":[147],"pedestrian":[149],"real-time.":[155],"performs":[158],"well":[159],"challenging":[161],"situations":[162],"resulting":[163],"occlusion":[165],"crowded":[167],"conditions,":[168],"running":[169],"eBox-2300":[172],"Thin":[173],"Client":[174],"VESA":[175],"PC.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}