{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1894971994","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2015.7298838","title":"Efficient illuminant estimation for color constancy using grey pixels","display_name":"Efficient illuminant estimation for color constancy using grey pixels","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1894971994","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2015.7298838","mag":"1894971994"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cvpr.2015.7298838","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2015.7298838","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010207793","display_name":"Kai-Fu Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3696-5889"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kai-Fu Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China","University of Electronic Science & Technology of China, ChengDu, China#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science & Technology of China, ChengDu, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101739954","display_name":"Shaobing Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3774-8832"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shao-Bing Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China","University of Electronic Science & Technology of China, ChengDu, China#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science & Technology of China, ChengDu, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100668795","display_name":"Yongjie Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7395-3131"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong-Jie Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China","University of Electronic Science & Technology of China, ChengDu, China#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science & Technology of China, ChengDu, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010207793"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.3876,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":123,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97678201,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2254","last_page":"2263"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11666","display_name":"Color Science and Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11666","display_name":"Color Science and Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9814000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standard-illuminant","display_name":"Standard illuminant","score":0.9919040203094482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7816320657730103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.6838783621788025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/color-constancy","display_name":"Color constancy","score":0.649502158164978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6410888433456421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5694790482521057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monochrome","display_name":"Monochrome","score":0.5094156861305237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.47267183661460876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grey-level","display_name":"Grey level","score":0.4585961401462555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.4150141477584839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3285519480705261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.19354894757270813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.09230193495750427}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129112856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375479","display_name":"Standard illuminant","level":2,"score":0.9919040203094482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7816320657730103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.6838783621788025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187888035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2563885","display_name":"Color constancy","level":3,"score":0.649502158164978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6410888433456421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5694790482521057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776754580","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10770146","display_name":"Monochrome","level":2,"score":0.5094156861305237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.47267183661460876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994222927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685727","display_name":"Grey level","level":3,"score":0.4585961401462555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.4150141477584839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3285519480705261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.19354894757270813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.09230193495750427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cvpr.2015.7298838","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2015.7298838","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1510835000","https://openalex.org/W1530411632","https://openalex.org/W1534426948","https://openalex.org/W1925897490","https://openalex.org/W1966855663","https://openalex.org/W1985183712","https://openalex.org/W1988165713","https://openalex.org/W1990309126","https://openalex.org/W2012602905","https://openalex.org/W2013765095","https://openalex.org/W2022003496","https://openalex.org/W2045899586","https://openalex.org/W2052090926","https://openalex.org/W2053388511","https://openalex.org/W2055202551","https://openalex.org/W2055535946","https://openalex.org/W2068294844","https://openalex.org/W2075882204","https://openalex.org/W2078124806","https://openalex.org/W2088828956","https://openalex.org/W2090412934","https://openalex.org/W2098195734","https://openalex.org/W2100001370","https://openalex.org/W2100470808","https://openalex.org/W2101752850","https://openalex.org/W2108303106","https://openalex.org/W2111060758","https://openalex.org/W2111963040","https://openalex.org/W2115257219","https://openalex.org/W2121077932","https://openalex.org/W2128059302","https://openalex.org/W2135884712","https://openalex.org/W2136725719","https://openalex.org/W2139698815","https://openalex.org/W2143010736","https://openalex.org/W2154264220","https://openalex.org/W2157354913","https://openalex.org/W2160477239","https://openalex.org/W2160835070","https://openalex.org/W2162749542","https://openalex.org/W2164847484","https://openalex.org/W2171773573","https://openalex.org/W2287042286","https://openalex.org/W2397711071","https://openalex.org/W2402132597","https://openalex.org/W2407714476","https://openalex.org/W2613546176","https://openalex.org/W4211258697","https://openalex.org/W4377995851","https://openalex.org/W6677739390","https://openalex.org/W6711909402"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2405544836","https://openalex.org/W1965405839","https://openalex.org/W4308233877","https://openalex.org/W2287944637","https://openalex.org/W1907286699","https://openalex.org/W1973960649","https://openalex.org/W2004497455","https://openalex.org/W2085076872","https://openalex.org/W2026092253","https://openalex.org/W2408302135"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Illuminant":[0],"estimation":[1,30],"is":[2,47],"a":[3,25,40,90,113],"key":[4],"step":[5],"for":[6,28,69],"computational":[7,159],"color":[8,105,111,150],"constancy.":[9],"Instead":[10],"of":[11,35,50,84,112,147,157],"using":[12,32],"the":[13,33,51,98,108,120,142,148,154],"grey":[14,17,36,92,122],"world":[15],"or":[16],"edge":[18],"assumptions,":[19],"we":[20],"propose":[21],"in":[22,39,102],"this":[23],"paper":[24],"novel":[26,91],"method":[27,95,144],"illuminant":[29,70,134],"by":[31],"information":[34],"pixels":[37,57],"detected":[38,121],"given":[41],"color-biased":[42],"image.":[43],"The":[44],"underlying":[45],"hypothesis":[46],"that":[48,58,141],"most":[49,146],"natural":[52],"images":[53],"include":[54],"some":[55],"detectable":[56],"are":[59],"at":[60],"least":[61],"approximately":[62],"grey,":[63],"which":[64],"can":[65,115],"be":[66,116],"reliably":[67],"utilized":[68],"estimation.":[71],"We":[72],"first":[73],"validate":[74],"our":[75],"assumption":[76],"through":[77],"comprehensive":[78],"statistical":[79],"evaluation":[80],"on":[81,97,126],"diverse":[82],"collection":[83],"datasets":[85,129],"and":[86,135],"then":[87],"put":[88],"forward":[89],"pixel":[93],"detection":[94],"based":[96],"illuminant-invariant":[99],"measure":[100],"(IIM)":[101],"three":[103],"logarithmic":[104],"channels.":[106],"Then":[107],"light":[109],"source":[110],"scene":[114],"easily":[117],"estimated":[118],"from":[119],"pixels.":[123],"Experimental":[124],"results":[125],"four":[127],"benchmark":[128],"(three":[130],"recorded":[131],"under":[132,137],"single":[133],"one":[136],"multiple":[138],"illuminants)":[139],"show":[140],"proposed":[143],"outperforms":[145],"state-of-the-art":[149],"constancy":[151],"approaches":[152],"with":[153],"inherent":[155],"merit":[156],"low":[158],"cost.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-01T08:55:55.761014","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}