{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2109445167","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2012.6247659","title":"Color constancy using faces","display_name":"Color constancy using faces","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2109445167","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2012.6247659","mag":"2109445167"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cvpr.2012.6247659","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2012.6247659","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013570285","display_name":"Simone Bianco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7070-1545"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66752286","display_name":"University of Milano-Bicocca","ror":"https://ror.org/01ynf4891","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S. Bianco","raw_affiliation_strings":["DISCo-Department of Informatics, Systems and Comunication, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy","University of Milano-Bicocca, DISCo - Department of Informatics, Systems and Comunication#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DISCo-Department of Informatics, Systems and Comunication, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Milano-Bicocca, DISCo - Department of Informatics, Systems and Comunication#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028039581","display_name":"Raimondo Schettini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7461-1451"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66752286","display_name":"University of Milano-Bicocca","ror":"https://ror.org/01ynf4891","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Schettini","raw_affiliation_strings":["DISCo-Department of Informatics, Systems and Comunication, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy","University of Milano-Bicocca, DISCo - Department of Informatics, Systems and Comunication#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DISCo-Department of Informatics, Systems and Comunication, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Milano-Bicocca, DISCo - Department of Informatics, Systems and Comunication#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013570285"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.8028,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":76,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97594654,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"65","last_page":"72"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11666","display_name":"Color Science and Applications","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11666","display_name":"Color Science and Applications","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9832000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9684000015258789,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standard-illuminant","display_name":"Standard illuminant","score":0.9334027171134949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.8122924566268921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.7646970748901367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7559372782707214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.5682962536811829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/color-constancy","display_name":"Color constancy","score":0.5255511999130249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5173448920249939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/color-space","display_name":"Color space","score":0.4901464879512787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3554127812385559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.3360416293144226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.16521397233009338}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129112856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375479","display_name":"Standard illuminant","level":2,"score":0.9334027171134949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.8122924566268921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.7646970748901367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7559372782707214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.5682962536811829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187888035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2563885","display_name":"Color constancy","level":3,"score":0.5255511999130249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5173448920249939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2961294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166863","display_name":"Color space","level":3,"score":0.4901464879512787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3554127812385559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.3360416293144226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.16521397233009338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cvpr.2012.6247659","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2012.6247659","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.706.3562","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.706.3562","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ivl.disco.unimib.it/publications/pdf/bianco2014adaptive-color.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:boa.unimib.it:10281/41841","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10281/41841","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401259","display_name":"BOA (University of Milano-Bicocca)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66752286","host_organization_name":"University of Milano-Bicocca","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1491192762","https://openalex.org/W1515881548","https://openalex.org/W1553810758","https://openalex.org/W1925897490","https://openalex.org/W1966855663","https://openalex.org/W1981692923","https://openalex.org/W1982858511","https://openalex.org/W1987220114","https://openalex.org/W1994355159","https://openalex.org/W2001541757","https://openalex.org/W2014641557","https://openalex.org/W2052090926","https://openalex.org/W2055202551","https://openalex.org/W2055535946","https://openalex.org/W2078088780","https://openalex.org/W2090412934","https://openalex.org/W2100001370","https://openalex.org/W2108303106","https://openalex.org/W2111963040","https://openalex.org/W2128059302","https://openalex.org/W2133155955","https://openalex.org/W2135884712","https://openalex.org/W2139698815","https://openalex.org/W2147933509","https://openalex.org/W2154264220","https://openalex.org/W2164598857","https://openalex.org/W2171773573","https://openalex.org/W4244222928","https://openalex.org/W6629510997","https://openalex.org/W6640137480"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2405544836","https://openalex.org/W1965405839","https://openalex.org/W4308233877","https://openalex.org/W2287944637","https://openalex.org/W1907286699","https://openalex.org/W1973960649","https://openalex.org/W2004497455","https://openalex.org/W2085076872","https://openalex.org/W2026092253","https://openalex.org/W4382246118"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"work,":[2],"we":[3],"investigate":[4],"how":[5],"illuminant":[6,51],"estimation":[7],"can":[8,99],"be":[9,100],"performed":[10],"exploiting":[11],"the":[12,17,22,41,50,53,91],"color":[13,42],"statistics":[14],"extracted":[15],"from":[16],"faces":[18],"automatically":[19],"detected":[20],"in":[21,40,52,76,103],"image.":[23],"The":[24,64,96],"proposed":[25,65,97],"method":[26,66,98],"is":[27],"based":[28],"on":[29,70,116],"two":[30],"observations:":[31],"first,":[32],"skin":[33],"colors":[34],"tend":[35],"to":[36,48],"form":[37],"a":[38,46,71,81,84],"cluster":[39],"space,":[43],"making":[44],"it":[45],"cue":[47],"estimate":[49],"scene;":[54],"second,":[55],"many":[56,104],"photographic":[57],"images":[58,75],"are":[59],"portraits":[60],"or":[61],"contain":[62],"people.":[63],"has":[67],"been":[68],"tested":[69],"public":[72],"dataset":[73],"of":[74,93],"RAW":[77],"format,":[78],"using":[79],"both":[80],"manual":[82],"and":[83],"real":[85],"face":[86,113],"detector.":[87],"Experimental":[88],"results":[89],"demonstrate":[90],"effectiveness":[92],"our":[94],"approach.":[95],"directly":[101],"used":[102],"digital":[105],"still":[106],"camera":[107],"processing":[108],"pipelines":[109],"with":[110],"an":[111],"embedded":[112],"detector":[114],"working":[115],"gray":[117],"level":[118],"images.":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}