{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2073039305","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2010.5539983","title":"Cost-sensitive subspace learning for face recognition","display_name":"Cost-sensitive subspace learning for face recognition","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2073039305","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2010.5539983","mag":"2073039305"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cvpr.2010.5539983","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2010.5539983","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100460385","display_name":"Jiwen Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6121-5529"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiwen Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103379503","display_name":"Yap\u2010Peng Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0645-9109"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yap-Peng Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3511,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96197054,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2661","last_page":"2666"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9864000082015991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subspace-topology","display_name":"Subspace topology","score":0.8600040674209595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.836597204208374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7294740676879883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-subspace","display_name":"Linear subspace","score":0.6908540725708008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-discriminant-analysis","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","score":0.6399951577186584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.623321533203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.6227826476097107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-component-analysis","display_name":"Principal component analysis","score":0.603675127029419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5840322971343994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.45593684911727905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/locality","display_name":"Locality","score":0.45533910393714905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminant","display_name":"Discriminant","score":0.4288978576660156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15588027238845825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32834561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660730","display_name":"Subspace topology","level":2,"score":0.8600040674209595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.836597204208374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7294740676879883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12362212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728435","display_name":"Linear subspace","level":2,"score":0.6908540725708008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69738355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1228929","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","level":2,"score":0.6399951577186584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.623321533203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.6227826476097107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27438332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873","display_name":"Principal component analysis","level":2,"score":0.603675127029419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5840322971343994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.45593684911727905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779808786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6664603","display_name":"Locality","level":2,"score":0.45533910393714905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78397625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192487","display_name":"Discriminant","level":2,"score":0.4288978576660156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15588027238845825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cvpr.2010.5539983","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2010.5539983","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.707.2448","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.707.2448","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://vipl.ict.ac.cn/homepage/CVPR15Metric/ref/Cost-Sensitive%20Subspace%20Learning%20for%20Face%20Recognition_CVPR2010.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1591385104","https://openalex.org/W1997011019","https://openalex.org/W2001141328","https://openalex.org/W2024853191","https://openalex.org/W2053186076","https://openalex.org/W2095469431","https://openalex.org/W2117553576","https://openalex.org/W2120372495","https://openalex.org/W2121647436","https://openalex.org/W2123115309","https://openalex.org/W2138451337","https://openalex.org/W2143071151","https://openalex.org/W2156142937","https://openalex.org/W2163516157","https://openalex.org/W2167999447","https://openalex.org/W2170858770","https://openalex.org/W2214725774","https://openalex.org/W2994340921","https://openalex.org/W3148981562","https://openalex.org/W6635552349","https://openalex.org/W6654794347","https://openalex.org/W6678451730","https://openalex.org/W6685372642"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2350751952","https://openalex.org/W2362114017","https://openalex.org/W1999647744","https://openalex.org/W3147024994","https://openalex.org/W1978302214","https://openalex.org/W2374055396","https://openalex.org/W2063246903","https://openalex.org/W2021817983","https://openalex.org/W1995039490","https://openalex.org/W3008559849"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Conventional":[0],"subspace":[1,102,127],"learning-based":[2],"face":[3,21,63,106],"recognition":[4,9,22,158,162],"aims":[5],"to":[6,35,44,57,87,153,172],"attain":[7],"low":[8],"errors":[10],"and":[11,54,85,130,147],"assumes":[12],"same":[13],"loss":[14,73,159],"from":[15],"all":[16],"misclassifications.":[17],"In":[18],"many":[19],"real-world":[20],"applications,":[23],"however,":[24],"this":[25,93,98],"assumption":[26],"may":[27,41],"not":[28,55],"hold":[29],"as":[30,51,81],"different":[31,36,117],"misclassifications":[32,121],"could":[33,68],"lead":[34],"losses.":[37],"For":[38],"example,":[39],"it":[40,67],"cause":[42],"inconvenience":[43],"a":[45,62,71,82,100,111,155],"gallery":[46,83],"person":[47,84],"who":[48],"is":[49,79],"mis-recognized":[50,80],"an":[52,77],"impostor":[53,78],"allowed":[56,86],"enter":[58,88],"the":[59,89,116,132,164,174,177],"room":[60],"by":[61,92,160],"recognition-based":[64],"door-locker,":[65],"but":[66],"result":[69],"in":[70,97,163],"serious":[72],"or":[74],"damage":[75],"if":[76],"room.":[90],"Motivated":[91],"concern,":[94],"we":[95],"propose":[96],"paper":[99],"cost-sensitive":[101,134,137,142,148],"learning":[103,128],"approach":[104,109],"for":[105],"recognition.":[107],"Our":[108],"incorporates":[110],"cost":[112],"matrix,":[113],"which":[114],"specifies":[115],"costs":[118],"associated":[119],"with":[120],"of":[122,176],"subjects,":[123],"into":[124],"three":[125],"popular":[126],"algorithms":[129],"devise":[131],"corresponding":[133],"methods,":[135],"namely,":[136],"principal":[138],"component":[139],"analysis":[140,145],"(CSPCA),":[141],"linear":[143],"discriminant":[144],"(CSLDA),":[146],"locality":[149],"preserving":[150],"projections":[151],"(CSLPP),":[152],"achieve":[154],"minimum":[156],"overall":[157],"performing":[161],"low-dimensional":[165],"subspaces":[166],"derived.":[167],"Experimental":[168],"results":[169],"are":[170],"presented":[171],"demonstrate":[173],"efficacy":[175],"proposed":[178],"approach.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}