{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2135964285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2009.5206828","title":"Understanding images of groups of people","display_name":"Understanding images of groups of people","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2135964285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2009.5206828","mag":"2135964285"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cvpr.2009.5206828","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2009.5206828","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607795","display_name":"2009 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031269302","display_name":"Andrew Gallagher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-2239"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andrew C. Gallagher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000454484","display_name":"Tsuhan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3951-7931"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tsuhan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031269302"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.9719,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":357,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96110114,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6996521949768066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6714553833007812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","score":0.6211789846420288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.608838677406311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-group","display_name":"Social group","score":0.5864723920822144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.5587098002433777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.5049484372138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5009968280792236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.45687025785446167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.41516605019569397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4023659825325012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.33231019973754883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.27232059836387634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.16032597422599792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.1157282292842865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.08125099539756775}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6996521949768066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6714553833007812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781311116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83306","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","level":2,"score":0.6211789846420288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.608838677406311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180872759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q874405","display_name":"Social group","level":2,"score":0.5864723920822144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.5587098002433777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.5049484372138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5009968280792236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.45687025785446167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.41516605019569397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4023659825325012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.33231019973754883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.27232059836387634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.16032597422599792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1157282292842865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.08125099539756775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cvpr.2009.5206828","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2009.5206828","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607795","display_name":"2009 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.167.4640","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.167.4640","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://chenlab.ece.cornell.edu/people/Andy/Andy_files/cvpr09.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.6499999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W238916583","https://openalex.org/W1528789833","https://openalex.org/W1592011777","https://openalex.org/W1970596291","https://openalex.org/W2017128942","https://openalex.org/W2018736781","https://openalex.org/W2020944503","https://openalex.org/W2032454342","https://openalex.org/W2038952578","https://openalex.org/W2046679188","https://openalex.org/W2064171501","https://openalex.org/W2080027017","https://openalex.org/W2107558380","https://openalex.org/W2113227937","https://openalex.org/W2114740362","https://openalex.org/W2117736950","https://openalex.org/W2119967926","https://openalex.org/W2121043743","https://openalex.org/W2129597587","https://openalex.org/W2134548243","https://openalex.org/W2134789565","https://openalex.org/W2137569015","https://openalex.org/W2146352414","https://openalex.org/W2147278565","https://openalex.org/W2156208395","https://openalex.org/W2160254296","https://openalex.org/W2163490908","https://openalex.org/W2163626514","https://openalex.org/W2168428279","https://openalex.org/W4241222664","https://openalex.org/W6609156970","https://openalex.org/W6631412525","https://openalex.org/W6676263510","https://openalex.org/W6681508479","https://openalex.org/W6682090056"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2032233321","https://openalex.org/W3121970507","https://openalex.org/W2110028391","https://openalex.org/W54497855","https://openalex.org/W217960748","https://openalex.org/W3125814499","https://openalex.org/W2090827041","https://openalex.org/W2565703248","https://openalex.org/W187246281","https://openalex.org/W2143548620"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"many":[1],"social":[2],"settings,":[3],"images":[4,125],"of":[5,7,13,30,47,53,82,94,121,126],"groups":[6],"people":[8],"are":[9,39],"captured.":[10],"The":[11],"structure":[12,29,69,81],"this":[14,117],"group":[15,68],"provides":[16],"meaningful":[17],"context":[18,118],"for":[19],"reasoning":[20],"about":[21,27],"individuals":[22],"in":[23,74,124],"the":[24,28,31,45,67,75,83],"group,":[25],"and":[26,77,104,107],"scene":[32,103],"as":[33,97,99],"a":[34,92],"whole.":[35],"For":[36],"example,":[37],"men":[38],"more":[40],"likely":[41],"to":[42,90,115],"stand":[43],"on":[44],"edge":[46],"an":[48],"image":[49],"than":[50],"women.":[51],"Instead":[52],"treating":[54],"each":[55,72],"face":[56],"independently":[57],"from":[58],"all":[59],"others,":[60],"we":[61],"introduce":[62],"contextual":[63],"features":[64],"that":[65],"encapsulate":[66],"locally":[70],"(for":[71],"person":[73],"group)":[76],"globally":[78],"(the":[79],"overall":[80],"group).":[84],"This":[85],"\u201csocial":[86],"context\u201d":[87],"allows":[88],"us":[89],"accomplish":[91],"variety":[93],"tasks,":[95],"such":[96,98],"demographic":[100,122],"recognition,":[101],"calculating":[102],"camera":[105],"parameters,":[106],"even":[108],"event":[109],"recognition.":[110],"We":[111],"perform":[112],"human":[113],"studies":[114],"show":[116],"aids":[119],"recognition":[120],"information":[123],"strangers.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":45},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":19}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
