{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2136297672","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2009.5206704","title":"On the set of images modulo viewpoint and contrast changes","display_name":"On the set of images modulo viewpoint and contrast changes","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2136297672","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2009.5206704","mag":"2136297672"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cvpr.2009.5206704","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2009.5206704","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607795","display_name":"2009 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012065009","display_name":"Ganesh Sundaramoorthi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3471-6384"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Sundaramoorthi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, USA","University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041074956","display_name":"Philipp Petersen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3566-1020"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Petersen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, USA","University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000590094","display_name":"V. S. Varadarajan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. S. Varadarajan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, USA","University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038328783","display_name":"Stefano Soatto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2902-6362"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Soatto","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, USA","University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"832","last_page":"839"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.711439311504364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulo","display_name":"Modulo","score":0.6797625422477722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.6658414602279663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/invariant","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","score":0.6425257921218872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6314114332199097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5952191352844238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.558813750743866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistic","display_name":"Statistic","score":0.5362218022346497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.4452908933162689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4360213577747345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4231274425983429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.371481716632843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.1531463861465454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.11654019355773926}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.711439311504364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54732982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1415345","display_name":"Modulo","level":2,"score":0.6797625422477722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6658414602279663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190470478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370229","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","level":2,"score":0.6425257921218872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6314114332199097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5952191352844238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.558813750743866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89128539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1949963","display_name":"Statistic","level":2,"score":0.5362218022346497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4452908933162689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4360213577747345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4231274425983429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.371481716632843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.1531463861465454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.11654019355773926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cvpr.2009.5206704","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2009.5206704","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607795","display_name":"2009 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.183.9015","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.183.9015","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://vision.ucla.edu/papers/sundaramoorthiPVS09.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.217.228","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.217.228","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.vision.cs.ucla.edu/papers/sundaramoorthiPVS09TR.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research","ror":"https://ror.org/011e9bt93"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W148764929","https://openalex.org/W297039922","https://openalex.org/W1539437305","https://openalex.org/W1570918423","https://openalex.org/W1933657216","https://openalex.org/W2014830777","https://openalex.org/W2065164181","https://openalex.org/W2098299336","https://openalex.org/W2113830516","https://openalex.org/W2118111890","https://openalex.org/W2119792923","https://openalex.org/W2124404372","https://openalex.org/W2136297672","https://openalex.org/W2146037576","https://openalex.org/W2148227735","https://openalex.org/W2157691228","https://openalex.org/W2171692249","https://openalex.org/W2194841912","https://openalex.org/W2324134362","https://openalex.org/W4246555007","https://openalex.org/W6605948054","https://openalex.org/W6634175034"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2117548279","https://openalex.org/W2097470475","https://openalex.org/W2070252991","https://openalex.org/W2807449856","https://openalex.org/W2941201715","https://openalex.org/W2025727968","https://openalex.org/W238211858","https://openalex.org/W4297742300","https://openalex.org/W4394650166","https://openalex.org/W2803761277"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,87],"consider":[1],"regions":[2,19],"of":[3,13,17,32,66,83,100,138,149,157,170],"images":[4],"that":[5,20,35,55,69,90,111,128],"exhibit":[6],"smooth":[7],"statistics,":[8],"and":[9,41,43,85,104,140,159],"pose":[10],"the":[11,15,33,48,67,72,76,81,101,106,132,147,155],"question":[12],"characterizing":[14],"\"essence\"":[16],"these":[18],"matters":[21],"for":[22,47,80,114,154],"recognition.":[23],"Ideally,":[24],"this":[25,51,120],"would":[26],"be":[27],"a":[28,96,136],"statistic":[29],"(a":[30],"function":[31],"image)":[34],"does":[36],"not":[37],"depend":[38],"on":[39,95],"viewpoint":[40,84,139],"illumination,":[42],"yet":[44],"is":[45,112,116,129],"sufficient":[46],"task.":[49],"In":[50],"manuscript,":[52],"we":[53,145,164],"show":[54,89],"such":[56,91],"statistics":[57,92],"exist.":[58],"That":[59],"is,":[60],"one":[61,123],"can":[62,124],"compute":[63],"deterministic":[64],"functions":[65],"image":[68,102,110,127,152],"contain":[70],"all":[71],"\"information\"":[73,107,150],"present":[74],"in":[75,108],"original":[77,133],"image,":[78],"except":[79],"effects":[82],"illumination.":[86],"also":[88],"are":[93],"supported":[94],"\"thin\"":[97],"(zero-measure)":[98],"subset":[99],"domain,":[103],"thus":[105],"an":[109,126,151],"relevant":[113],"recognition":[115],"sparse.":[117],"Yet,":[118],"from":[119],"thin":[121],"set":[122],"reconstruct":[125],"equivalent":[130],"to":[131,135],"up":[134],"change":[137],"local":[141],"illumination":[142],"(contrast).":[143],"Finally,":[144],"formalize":[146],"notion":[148],"contains":[153],"purpose":[156],"viewpoint-":[158],"illumination-":[160],"invariant":[161],"tasks,":[162],"which":[163],"call":[165],"\"actionable":[166],"information\"":[167],"following":[168],"ideas":[169],"J.":[171,172],"Gibson.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}