{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2095935887","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2009.5206556","title":"Variational layered dynamic textures","display_name":"Variational layered dynamic textures","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2095935887","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2009.5206556","mag":"2095935887"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cvpr.2009.5206556","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2009.5206556","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607795","display_name":"2009 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065680386","display_name":"Antoni B. Chan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2886-2513"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antoni B. Chan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, USA","Dept of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of California, San Diego, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of California, San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043325212","display_name":"Nuno Vasconcelos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9024-4302"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nuno Vasconcelos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, USA","Dept of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of California, San Diego, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of California, San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6816,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92285531,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1062","last_page":"1069"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9672999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6190516948699951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-random-field","display_name":"Markov random field","score":0.5779818296432495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-model","display_name":"Generative model","score":0.5435705780982971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5417512059211731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.5158966779708862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/texture","display_name":"Texture (cosmology)","score":0.4670730233192444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-process","display_name":"Stochastic process","score":0.46399232745170593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-process","display_name":"Markov process","score":0.4613855183124542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.45998162031173706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.45393359661102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-field","display_name":"Random field","score":0.44352394342422485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4409024715423584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4285818338394165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain","display_name":"Markov chain","score":0.4163898825645447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.3425058126449585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.32228994369506836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2421557605266571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.16644254326820374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.15651652216911316}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6190516948699951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778045648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176827","display_name":"Markov random field","level":4,"score":0.5779818296432495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.5435705780982971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5417512059211731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.5158966779708862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781195486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q289436","display_name":"Texture (cosmology)","level":3,"score":0.4670730233192444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8272713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176737","display_name":"Stochastic process","level":2,"score":0.46399232745170593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159886148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov process","level":2,"score":0.4613855183124542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.45998162031173706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.45393359661102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130402806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5361768","display_name":"Random field","level":2,"score":0.44352394342422485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4409024715423584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4285818338394165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.4163898825645447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.3425058126449585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.32228994369506836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2421557605266571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.16644254326820374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.15651652216911316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cvpr.2009.5206556","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2009.5206556","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607795","display_name":"2009 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.214.9173","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.214.9173","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.svcl.ucsd.edu/publications/conference/2009/cvpr2009/cvpr2009-varldt.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W250076511","https://openalex.org/W1578285471","https://openalex.org/W1579267506","https://openalex.org/W1663973292","https://openalex.org/W1965392255","https://openalex.org/W2037769578","https://openalex.org/W2045893916","https://openalex.org/W2049633694","https://openalex.org/W2096746506","https://openalex.org/W2102716594","https://openalex.org/W2105795585","https://openalex.org/W2110935301","https://openalex.org/W2114220616","https://openalex.org/W2118877769","https://openalex.org/W2128764958","https://openalex.org/W2141546307","https://openalex.org/W2142912032","https://openalex.org/W2160243386","https://openalex.org/W2162616721","https://openalex.org/W2396708705","https://openalex.org/W2751023760","https://openalex.org/W2911709767","https://openalex.org/W2912155302","https://openalex.org/W3003662786","https://openalex.org/W3150047047","https://openalex.org/W4212863985","https://openalex.org/W4235169531","https://openalex.org/W6634848597","https://openalex.org/W6659768834","https://openalex.org/W6677548441","https://openalex.org/W6683812178","https://openalex.org/W6712182144"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4233015508","https://openalex.org/W987019958","https://openalex.org/W2030382593","https://openalex.org/W1983122994","https://openalex.org/W2078379274","https://openalex.org/W2033503400","https://openalex.org/W2170151560","https://openalex.org/W2133071149","https://openalex.org/W2574864235","https://openalex.org/W2099971354"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,114],"layered":[1],"dynamic":[2],"texture":[3,30],"(LDT)":[4],"is":[5,25,69,129],"a":[6,13,28,33,45,48,76,92],"generative":[7],"model,":[8],"which":[9,96],"represents":[10],"video":[11,42,58,121],"as":[12,27],"collection":[14],"of":[15,18,40,86,116,124,151],"stochastic":[16,157],"layers":[17,123],"different":[19,34],"appearance":[20,126],"and":[21,111,127,136],"dynamics.":[22],"Each":[23],"layer":[24,46,99],"modeled":[26],"temporal":[29],"sampled":[31],"from":[32,56],"linear":[35],"dynamical":[36],"system,":[37],"with":[38,106],"regions":[39,150],"the":[41,60,67,80,87,98,107,117,143,162],"assigned":[43],"to":[44,101,119,148],"using":[47,59],"Markov":[49],"random":[50],"field.":[51],"Model":[52],"parameters":[53],"are":[54],"learned":[55],"training":[57],"EM":[61,109],"algorithm.":[62],"However,":[63],"exact":[64],"inference":[65],"for":[66,79],"E-step":[68],"intractable.":[70],"In":[71],"this":[72],"paper,":[73],"we":[74],"propose":[75,91],"variational":[77,112],"approximation":[78],"LDT":[81,94,118],"that":[82,142],"enables":[83],"efficient":[84],"learning":[85],"model.":[88],"We":[89],"also":[90,130],"temporally-switching":[93],"(TS-LDT),":[95],"allows":[97],"shape":[100],"change":[102],"over":[103],"time,":[104],"along":[105],"associated":[108],"algorithm":[110],"approximation.":[113],"ability":[115,147],"segment":[120],"into":[122],"coherent":[125],"dynamics":[128,158],"extensively":[131],"evaluated,":[132],"on":[133],"both":[134],"synthetic":[135],"natural":[137],"video.":[138],"These":[139],"experiments":[140],"show":[141],"model":[144],"possesses":[145],"an":[146],"group":[149],"globally":[152],"homogeneous,":[153],"but":[154],"locally":[155],"heterogeneous,":[156],"currently":[159],"unparalleled":[160],"in":[161],"literature.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
