{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2141364309","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2009.5206532","title":"An empirical study of context in object detection","display_name":"An empirical study of context in object detection","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2141364309","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2009.5206532","mag":"2141364309"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cvpr.2009.5206532","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2009.5206532","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607795","display_name":"2009 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/An_Empirical_Study_of_Context_in_Object_Detection/6551903","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046849436","display_name":"Santosh Divvala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4042-5874"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Santosh K. Divvala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, USA","Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009682734","display_name":"Derek Hoiem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6260-5708"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Derek Hoiem","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, USA","University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Il, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Il, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016775802","display_name":"James Hays","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7016-4252"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James H. Hays","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, USA","Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077436220","display_name":"Alexei A. Efros","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5720-8070"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexei A. Efros","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, USA","Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075246991","display_name":"Martial Hebert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4566-5930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martial Hebert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, USA","Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":521,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1271","last_page":"1278"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pascal","display_name":"Pascal (unit)","score":0.8791629076004028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8255553245544434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-contextual-awareness","display_name":"Spatial contextual awareness","score":0.6713716983795166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.6675333976745605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5842287540435791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseline","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","score":0.5683334469795227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.5348080396652222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5338051915168762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5215582847595215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-analysis","display_name":"Context analysis","score":0.4559623897075653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.45328572392463684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-model","display_name":"Context model","score":0.42944034934043884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4019477665424347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3553057312965393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3489241600036621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3356923460960388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.24027583003044128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.10528978705406189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.061829835176467896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.05983516573905945}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75608658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44395","display_name":"Pascal (unit)","level":2,"score":0.8791629076004028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8255553245544434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64754055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574053","display_name":"Spatial contextual awareness","level":2,"score":0.6713716983795166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.6675333976745605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5842287540435791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.5683334469795227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.5348080396652222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5338051915168762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5215582847595215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52085439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165173","display_name":"Context analysis","level":3,"score":0.4559623897075653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.45328572392463684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183322885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17007702","display_name":"Context model","level":3,"score":0.42944034934043884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4019477665424347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3553057312965393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3489241600036621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3356923460960388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.24027583003044128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.10528978705406189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.061829835176467896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.05983516573905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cvpr.2009.5206532","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2009.5206532","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607795","display_name":"2009 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/6551903","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/An_Empirical_Study_of_Context_in_Object_Detection/6551903","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.cmu.edu:robotics-1269","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.cmu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1269&context=robotics","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400668","display_name":"Research Showcase @ Carnegie Mellon University (Carnegie Mellon University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","host_organization_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Robotics Institute","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.150.1223","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.150.1223","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~santosh/projects/papers/contextInDetectn_cvpr09.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.150.3020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.150.3020","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dhoiem/publications/cvpr2009_santosh_context.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.359.4015","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.359.4015","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.413.43","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.413.43","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ri.cmu.edu/pub_files/2009/6/0987.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.1184/r1/6551903.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1184/r1/6551903.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407050927","display_name":"KiltHub Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/6551903","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/An_Empirical_Study_of_Context_in_Object_Detection/6551903","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3431400556","display_name":"CAREER:  Geometrically Coherent Image Interpretation","funder_award_id":"0546547","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8536232583","display_name":"Exploratory Research in Scene Analysis and Object Recognition","funder_award_id":"0745636","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2141364309.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2141364309.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W17540453","https://openalex.org/W1230023165","https://openalex.org/W1516887802","https://openalex.org/W1528789833","https://openalex.org/W1566135517","https://openalex.org/W1576520375","https://openalex.org/W1584193343","https://openalex.org/W1590105591","https://openalex.org/W1594603013","https://openalex.org/W1989656639","https://openalex.org/W2086374833","https://openalex.org/W2095660685","https://openalex.org/W2098355199","https://openalex.org/W2103163130","https://openalex.org/W2103380420","https://openalex.org/W2106962004","https://openalex.org/W2107558380","https://openalex.org/W2108082645","https://openalex.org/W2110764733","https://openalex.org/W2111868822","https://openalex.org/W2120419212","https://openalex.org/W2121880036","https://openalex.org/W2125310925","https://openalex.org/W2128197086","https://openalex.org/W2128962821","https://openalex.org/W2143516773","https://openalex.org/W2146352414","https://openalex.org/W2147625498","https://openalex.org/W2157035885","https://openalex.org/W2159564241","https://openalex.org/W2160254296","https://openalex.org/W2161446043","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2163490908","https://openalex.org/W2165428648","https://openalex.org/W2166761907","https://openalex.org/W2185981507","https://openalex.org/W2186094539","https://openalex.org/W3022380717","https://openalex.org/W6600744232","https://openalex.org/W6628174443","https://openalex.org/W6630825005","https://openalex.org/W6631412525","https://openalex.org/W6634442568","https://openalex.org/W6634846276","https://openalex.org/W6635405762","https://openalex.org/W6674222210","https://openalex.org/W6674646328","https://openalex.org/W6676263510","https://openalex.org/W6676781013","https://openalex.org/W6678865028","https://openalex.org/W6682855966","https://openalex.org/W6686381715"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3177249605","https://openalex.org/W4376620596","https://openalex.org/W2534152068","https://openalex.org/W4299545679","https://openalex.org/W2951433694","https://openalex.org/W1972515067","https://openalex.org/W2549121492","https://openalex.org/W1689909837","https://openalex.org/W4293054914","https://openalex.org/W4241200240"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"an":[3],"empirical":[4],"evaluation":[5],"of":[6,9,45,71,99],"the":[7,19,43,97],"role":[8],"context":[10,26,72,101],"in":[11],"a":[12,56,92,103],"contemporary,":[13],"challenging":[14],"object":[15,108],"detection":[16],"task":[17],"-":[18],"PASCAL":[20],"VOC":[21],"2008.":[22],"Previous":[23],"experiments":[24],"with":[25,35],"have":[27,85],"mostly":[28],"been":[29,86],"done":[30],"on":[31,55],"home-grown":[32],"datasets,":[33],"often":[34],"non-standard":[36],"baselines,":[37],"making":[38],"it":[39],"difficult":[40],"to":[41,75],"isolate":[42],"contribution":[44],"contextual":[46,82],"information.":[47],"In":[48],"this":[49],"work,":[50],"we":[51,79,89],"present":[52],"our":[53],"analysis":[54],"standard":[57],"dataset,":[58],"using":[59,107],"top-performing":[60],"local":[61],"appearance":[62],"detectors":[63],"as":[64],"baseline.":[65],"We":[66],"evaluate":[67],"several":[68],"different":[69],"sources":[70],"and":[73,102],"ways":[74],"utilize":[76],"it.":[77],"While":[78],"employ":[80],"many":[81],"cues":[83],"that":[84],"used":[87],"before,":[88],"also":[90],"propose":[91],"few":[93],"novel":[94],"ones":[95],"including":[96],"use":[98],"geographic":[100],"new":[104],"approach":[105],"for":[106],"spatial":[109],"support.":[110]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":54},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":49},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":30}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
