{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2161358738","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2008.4587591","title":"Margin-based discriminant dimensionality reduction for visual recognition","display_name":"Margin-based discriminant dimensionality reduction for visual recognition","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2161358738","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2008.4587591","mag":"2161358738"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cvpr.2008.4587591","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2008.4587591","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://inria.hal.science/inria-00548665","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072358879","display_name":"Hakan \u00c7ev\u0131kalp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1708-8817"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51209816","display_name":"Eski\u015fehir Osmangazi University","ror":"https://ror.org/01dzjez04","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51209816"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hakan Cevikalp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51209816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062363302","display_name":"Bill Triggs","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4116-6296"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149092","display_name":"Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann","ror":"https://ror.org/04ett5b41","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I4210149092","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bill Triggs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann, Grenoble, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001375778","display_name":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Jurie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2686-0020"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98702875","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Caen Normandie","ror":"https://ror.org/051kpcy16","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I98702875"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frederic Jurie","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Caen, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Caen, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98702875"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025314990","display_name":"Robi Polikar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2739-4228"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44265643","display_name":"Rowan University","ror":"https://ror.org/049v69k10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44265643"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robi Polikar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44265643"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.7686808109283447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7183264493942261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.6642094254493713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimensionality-reduction","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","score":0.5476802587509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5339511632919312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/margin","display_name":"Margin (machine learning)","score":0.5296074151992798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-discriminant-analysis","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","score":0.5180423259735107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affine-transformation","display_name":"Affine transformation","score":0.49478262662887573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.489822119474411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.48301777243614197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subspace-topology","display_name":"Subspace topology","score":0.47686466574668884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel-method","display_name":"Kernel method","score":0.4668584167957306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminant","display_name":"Discriminant","score":0.4633733630180359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/projection","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","score":0.4535277485847473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.43510767817497253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.4285084903240204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-subspace","display_name":"Linear subspace","score":0.4253697991371155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/k-nearest-neighbors-algorithm","display_name":"k-nearest neighbors algorithm","score":0.41394534707069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.2853161692619324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.21159479022026062}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7686808109283447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7183264493942261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.6642094254493713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70518039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000077","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","level":2,"score":0.5476802587509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5339511632919312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C774472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6760393","display_name":"Margin (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.5296074151992798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69738355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1228929","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","level":2,"score":0.5180423259735107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92757383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q382497","display_name":"Affine transformation","level":2,"score":0.49478262662887573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.489822119474411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.48301777243614197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32834561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660730","display_name":"Subspace topology","level":2,"score":0.47686466574668884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122280245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620622","display_name":"Kernel method","level":3,"score":0.4668584167957306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78397625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192487","display_name":"Discriminant","level":2,"score":0.4633733630180359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57493831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3134666","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","level":2,"score":0.4535277485847473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.43510767817497253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.4285084903240204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12362212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728435","display_name":"Linear subspace","level":2,"score":0.4253697991371155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113238511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071612","display_name":"k-nearest neighbors algorithm","level":2,"score":0.41394534707069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2853161692619324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.21159479022026062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cvpr.2008.4587591","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2008.4587591","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.329.3059","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.329.3059","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://eprints.pascal-network.org/archive/00004364/01/margin_dimensionality_reduction.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.330.2502","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.330.2502","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://jurie.users.greyc.fr/papers/cvpr08-cevikalp.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.331.2092","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.331.2092","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://users.rowan.edu/~polikar/RESEARCH/PUBLICATIONS/cvpr08.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.408.2438","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.408.2438","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://mplab.ucsd.edu/wp-content/uploads/cvpr2008/conference/data/papers/251.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:inria-00548665v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://inria.hal.science/inria-00548665","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=4587591","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:inria-00548665v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://inria.hal.science/inria-00548665","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=4587591","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7900000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1600737329","https://openalex.org/W1604585277","https://openalex.org/W1605527784","https://openalex.org/W1606191370","https://openalex.org/W1970088130","https://openalex.org/W2001141328","https://openalex.org/W2011058684","https://openalex.org/W2053186076","https://openalex.org/W2083014673","https://openalex.org/W2106053110","https://openalex.org/W2119479037","https://openalex.org/W2119821739","https://openalex.org/W2121647436","https://openalex.org/W2130556178","https://openalex.org/W2131081720","https://openalex.org/W2138451337","https://openalex.org/W2139212933","https://openalex.org/W2144935315","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2151259137","https://openalex.org/W2153509747","https://openalex.org/W2154872931","https://openalex.org/W2156718197","https://openalex.org/W2157364932","https://openalex.org/W2157444450","https://openalex.org/W2158019970","https://openalex.org/W2163808566","https://openalex.org/W2171896402","https://openalex.org/W2303501228","https://openalex.org/W2435251607","https://openalex.org/W2980468885","https://openalex.org/W4234674466","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6636174462","https://openalex.org/W6636183750","https://openalex.org/W6675751002","https://openalex.org/W6682644385","https://openalex.org/W6682755970","https://openalex.org/W6683161245","https://openalex.org/W6683573406","https://openalex.org/W6717827561","https://openalex.org/W7034449035"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2391321755","https://openalex.org/W2896134808","https://openalex.org/W3103861421","https://openalex.org/W4211228991","https://openalex.org/W2949110394","https://openalex.org/W2353790329","https://openalex.org/W2279743781","https://openalex.org/W140666874","https://openalex.org/W2368666353","https://openalex.org/W4322721277"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nearest":[0],"neighbour":[1],"classifiers":[2,188],"and":[3,100,103,124,157,175],"related":[4],"kernel":[5],"methods":[6],"often":[7,34],"perform":[8],"poorly":[9],"in":[10,196],"high":[11],"dimensional":[12,66,199],"problems":[13],"because":[14],"it":[15],"is":[16,57,120],"infeasible":[17],"to":[18,23,48,58,136,145,193],"include":[19],"enough":[20],"training":[21,39,110,134],"samples":[22,33,40,111],"cover":[24],"the":[25,42,60,79,89,98,104,108,162,181,197],"class":[26,53,94,109,139],"regions":[27],"densely.":[28],"In":[29],"such":[30,76,189],"cases,":[31],"test":[32,97],"fall":[35],"into":[36],"gaps":[37,80],"between":[38],"where":[41],"nearest":[43,191],"neighbours":[44,192],"are":[45,81,143],"too":[46],"distant":[47],"be":[49],"good":[50],"indicators":[51],"of":[52,88,107,116,129],"membership.":[54],"One":[55],"solution":[56],"project":[59],"data":[61],"onto":[62],"a":[63,70,85,114,126],"discriminative":[64,118],"lower":[65],"subspace.":[67],"We":[68],"propose":[69],"gap-resistant":[71],"nonparametric":[72],"method":[73,182],"for":[74],"finding":[75],"subspaces:":[77],"first":[78],"filled":[82],"by":[83,92,122],"building":[84,123],"convex":[86,101],"model":[87],"region":[90],"spanned":[91],"each":[93],"-":[95,112],"we":[96],"affine":[99],"hulls":[102],"bounding":[105],"disk":[106],"then":[113],"set":[115],"highly":[117],"directions":[119],"found":[121],"decomposing":[125],"scatter":[127],"matrix":[128],"weighted":[130],"displacement":[131],"vectors":[132],"from":[133],"examples":[135],"nearby":[137],"rival":[138],"regions.":[140],"The":[141],"weights":[142],"chosen":[144],"focus":[146],"attention":[147],"on":[148,172],"narrow":[149],"margin":[150],"cases":[151],"while":[152],"still":[153],"allowing":[154,186],"more":[155,159],"diversity":[156],"hence":[158],"discriminability":[160],"than":[161],"1D":[163],"linear":[164],"Support":[165],"Vector":[166],"Machine":[167],"(SVM)":[168],"projection.":[169],"Experimental":[170],"results":[171],"several":[173],"face":[174],"object":[176],"recognition":[177],"datasets":[178],"show":[179],"that":[180],"finds":[183],"effective":[184],"projections,":[185],"simple":[187],"as":[190],"work":[194],"well":[195],"low":[198],"reduced":[200],"space.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}