{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2122102310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2008.4587372","title":"Scene classification with low-dimensional semantic spaces and weak supervision","display_name":"Scene classification with low-dimensional semantic spaces and weak supervision","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2122102310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2008.4587372","mag":"2122102310"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cvpr.2008.4587372","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2008.4587372","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020991500","display_name":"Nikhil Rasiwasia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7046-851X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikhil Rasiwasia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, USA","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043325212","display_name":"Nuno Vasconcelos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9024-4302"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nuno Vasconcelos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, USA","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.4551,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":82,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9750863,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9901000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorization","display_name":"Categorization","score":0.7370302677154541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7073630094528198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theme","display_name":"Theme (computing)","score":0.7015100121498108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.6798675656318665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6508342623710632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curse-of-dimensionality","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","score":0.6331378221511841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.6035277843475342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","score":0.5849562287330627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.5334993004798889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5284416675567627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.42657747864723206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.40642938017845154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.07247105240821838}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.7370302677154541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7073630094528198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33566652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1065927","display_name":"Theme (computing)","level":2,"score":0.7015100121498108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.6798675656318665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6508342623710632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111030470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430460","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","level":2,"score":0.6331378221511841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.6035277843475342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.5849562287330627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5334993004798889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5284416675567627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.42657747864723206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.40642938017845154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.07247105240821838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cvpr.2008.4587372","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2008.4587372","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.163.2182","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.163.2182","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.svcl.ucsd.edu/publications/conference/2008/cvpr08/CVPR08_semantic-classification.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1546715894","https://openalex.org/W1566135517","https://openalex.org/W1589362500","https://openalex.org/W1625255723","https://openalex.org/W1666447063","https://openalex.org/W1880262756","https://openalex.org/W1956559956","https://openalex.org/W2104825706","https://openalex.org/W2107034620","https://openalex.org/W2107743791","https://openalex.org/W2109607073","https://openalex.org/W2125238156","https://openalex.org/W2126338813","https://openalex.org/W2127411609","https://openalex.org/W2131846894","https://openalex.org/W2154301842","https://openalex.org/W2156336347","https://openalex.org/W2162915993","https://openalex.org/W2171896402","https://openalex.org/W2325227998","https://openalex.org/W4233135949","https://openalex.org/W6632732690","https://openalex.org/W6635107798","https://openalex.org/W6637249095","https://openalex.org/W6678852649","https://openalex.org/W7075742223"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2165912799","https://openalex.org/W2735662278","https://openalex.org/W2382615723","https://openalex.org/W4311804456","https://openalex.org/W1987484445","https://openalex.org/W2623658258","https://openalex.org/W2143413548","https://openalex.org/W1969219540","https://openalex.org/W2370459448","https://openalex.org/W2105067402"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"novel":[1],"approach":[2],"to":[3,9,77,100,125,136,147,151],"scene":[4,120,192],"categorization":[5],"is":[6,96,108,123,133,177],"proposed.":[7],"Similar":[8],"previous":[10],"works":[11],"of":[12,33,60,69,154,168,171,183,191],"[11,":[13],"15,":[14],"3,":[15],"12],":[16],"we":[17],"introduce":[18],"an":[19,38,75],"intermediate":[20],"space,":[21],"based":[22],"on":[23,57,104,160,173],"a":[24,54,166],"low":[25,113],"dimensional":[26,114],"semantic":[27],"ldquothemerdquo":[28],"image":[29,49,76,163],"representation.":[30],"However,":[31],"instead":[32],"learning":[34],"the":[35,58,91,111,152,155,169,174,181,189],"themes":[36],"in":[37,90],"unsupervised":[39,138],"manner,":[40],"they":[41],"are":[42,65,86],"learned":[43],"with":[44,80,118,141,188],"weak":[45],"supervision,":[46],"from":[47],"casual":[48],"annotations.":[50],"Each":[51],"theme":[52,71,127,184],"induces":[53],"probability":[55],"density":[56],"space":[59,185],"low-level":[61],"features,":[62],"and":[63,98,122,146],"images":[64],"represented":[66],"as":[67],"vectors":[68],"posterior":[70],"probabilities.":[72],"This":[73],"enables":[74],"be":[78],"associated":[79],"multiple":[81,88],"themes,":[82],"even":[83],"when":[84],"there":[85],"no":[87],"associations":[89],"training":[92,144],"labels.":[93],"An":[94],"implementation":[95],"presented":[97],"compared":[99],"various":[101],"existing":[102],"algorithms,":[103],"benchmark":[105],"datasets.":[106],"It":[107,132],"shown":[109,135],"that":[110,180],"proposed":[112],"representation":[115],"correlates":[116],"well":[117],"human":[119],"understanding,":[121],"able":[124],"learn":[126],"co-occurrences":[128],"without":[129],"explicit":[130],"training.":[131],"also":[134],"outperform":[137],"latent-space":[139],"methods,":[140,157],"much":[142,161],"smaller":[143],"complexity,":[145],"achieve":[148],"performance":[149,176],"close":[150],"state":[153],"art":[156],"which":[158],"rely":[159],"higher-dimensional":[162],"representations.":[164],"Finally":[165],"study":[167],"effect":[170],"dimensionality":[172,182],"classification":[175],"presented,":[178],"indicating":[179],"grows":[186],"sub-linearly":[187],"number":[190],"categories.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}