{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2121052776","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2003.1211458","title":"Classification based on symmetric maximized minimal distance in subspace (SMMS)","display_name":"Classification based on symmetric maximized minimal distance in subspace (SMMS)","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-12-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2121052776","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2003.1211458","mag":"2121052776"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cvpr.2003.1211458","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2003.1211458","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2003 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2003. Proceedings.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101462549","display_name":"Wende Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6293-5093"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wende Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000454484","display_name":"Tsuhan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3951-7931"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tsuhan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101462549"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5384,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69176952,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"II","last_page":"100"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14257","display_name":"Advanced Measurement and Detection Methods","score":0.9545999765396118,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13717","display_name":"Advanced Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9474999904632568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subspace-topology","display_name":"Subspace topology","score":0.9065554141998291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-boundary","display_name":"Decision boundary","score":0.6675975322723389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6096709966659546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample","display_name":"Sample (material)","score":0.5790561437606812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.5457103848457336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.5454301834106445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","score":0.544738233089447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5410200357437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5289081335067749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.4893731474876404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4727120101451874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-subspace","display_name":"Linear subspace","score":0.4689815640449524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-subspace-method","display_name":"Random subspace method","score":0.46429309248924255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.45065873861312866}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32834561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660730","display_name":"Subspace topology","level":2,"score":0.9065554141998291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42023084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5249231","display_name":"Decision boundary","level":3,"score":0.6675975322723389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6096709966659546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.5790561437606812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.5457103848457336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.5454301834106445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62354387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","level":2,"score":0.544738233089447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5410200357437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5289081335067749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.4893731474876404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4727120101451874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12362212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728435","display_name":"Linear subspace","level":2,"score":0.4689815640449524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106135958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7291993","display_name":"Random subspace method","level":3,"score":0.46429309248924255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.45065873861312866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cvpr.2003.1211458","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2003.1211458","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2003 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2003. Proceedings.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.14.4827","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.14.4827","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://amp.ece.cmu.edu/Publication/Wende/cvpr2003_wende.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7200000286102295,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1530699444","https://openalex.org/W1881452810","https://openalex.org/W1985809919","https://openalex.org/W2001619934","https://openalex.org/W2060663686","https://openalex.org/W2061587059","https://openalex.org/W2087347434","https://openalex.org/W2088900896","https://openalex.org/W2103971661","https://openalex.org/W2107542203","https://openalex.org/W2108995755","https://openalex.org/W2119821739","https://openalex.org/W2121647436","https://openalex.org/W2124144285","https://openalex.org/W2138451337","https://openalex.org/W2139212933","https://openalex.org/W2142896541","https://openalex.org/W2148603752","https://openalex.org/W2155759509","https://openalex.org/W2500846359","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W4292023222","https://openalex.org/W6639355794","https://openalex.org/W6681114577"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3100286349","https://openalex.org/W2896134808","https://openalex.org/W3172436493","https://openalex.org/W4287164812","https://openalex.org/W2007593166","https://openalex.org/W2957492749","https://openalex.org/W1887135636","https://openalex.org/W2094490861","https://openalex.org/W2386063599","https://openalex.org/W2117252790"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,84],"introduce":[1],"a":[2,36,86],"new":[3],"classification":[4],"algorithm":[5,133],"based":[6,138],"on":[7,139],"the":[8,19,29,41,51,58,64,70,74,78,82,95,109,113,119,131],"concept":[9],"of":[10,22,63],"symmetric":[11],"maximized":[12],"minimal":[13,71],"distance":[14,72],"in":[15,28,38,81],"subspace":[16,37,65,114],"(SMMS).":[17],"Given":[18],"training":[20],"data":[21],"authentic":[23,42,59,75],"samples":[24,27,43,53,76,80],"and":[25,49,77,92,115],"imposter":[26,52,79],"feature":[30],"space,":[31],"SMMS":[32],"tries":[33],"to":[34,46,88,93,107,112],"identify":[35,94],"which":[39],"all":[40,50],"are":[44,54],"close":[45],"each":[47],"other":[48,136],"far":[55],"away":[56],"from":[57],"samples.":[60],"The":[61,98],"optimality":[62,91],"is":[66,101],"determined":[67],"by":[68],"maximizing":[69],"between":[73],"subspace.":[83],"present":[85],"procedure":[87,100],"achieve":[89],"such":[90],"decision":[96,120],"boundary.":[97,121],"verification":[99],"simple":[102],"since":[103],"we":[104,128],"only":[105],"need":[106],"project":[108],"test":[110],"sample":[111],"compare":[116],"it":[117],"against":[118],"Using":[122],"face":[123],"authentication":[124],"as":[125],"an":[126],"example,":[127],"show":[129],"that":[130],"proposed":[132],"outperforms":[134],"several":[135],"algorithms":[137],"support":[140],"vector":[141],"machines":[142],"(SVM).":[143]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
