{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413679483","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csr64739.2025.11130148","title":"A Multi-level User Identity Authentication Scheme Based on Environmental Detection","display_name":"A Multi-level User Identity Authentication Scheme Based on Environmental Detection","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413679483","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csr64739.2025.11130148"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/csr64739.2025.11130148","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csr64739.2025.11130148","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Cyber Security and Resilience (CSR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008027008","display_name":"Nida Zeeshan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I251738","display_name":"Edinburgh Napier University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zjvnn91","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I251738"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nida Zeeshan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Edinburgh Napier University,School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment,Scotland, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Edinburgh Napier University,School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment,Scotland, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I251738"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026369455","display_name":"Luigi La Spada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4923-1320"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I251738","display_name":"Edinburgh Napier University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zjvnn91","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I251738"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luigi La Spada","raw_affiliation_strings":["Edinburgh Napier University,School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment,Scotland, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Edinburgh Napier University,School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment,Scotland, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I251738"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093263367","display_name":"Makhabbat Bakyt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1246-9696"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I251738","display_name":"Edinburgh Napier University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zjvnn91","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I251738"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Makhabbat Bakyt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Edinburgh Napier University,School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment,Scotland, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Edinburgh Napier University,School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment,Scotland, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I251738"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008027008"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I251738"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.31307431,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"320","last_page":"325"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13243","display_name":"Innovation in Digital Healthcare Systems","score":0.5785999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13243","display_name":"Innovation in Digital Healthcare Systems","score":0.5785999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14484","display_name":"Technology and Data Analysis","score":0.5785999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6984192132949829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.559269368648529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.539671778678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identity","display_name":"Identity (music)","score":0.4855634868144989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-factor-authentication","display_name":"Multi-factor authentication","score":0.4210779666900635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.409234881401062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.39391928911209106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication-protocol","display_name":"Authentication protocol","score":0.3835238218307495}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6984192132949829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.559269368648529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.539671778678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.4855634868144989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194699767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7878662","display_name":"Multi-factor authentication","level":4,"score":0.4210779666900635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.409234881401062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.39391928911209106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21564112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825885","display_name":"Authentication protocol","level":3,"score":0.3835238218307495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/csr64739.2025.11130148","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csr64739.2025.11130148","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Cyber Security and Resilience (CSR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.4300000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2093798919","https://openalex.org/W2055312385","https://openalex.org/W2242172122","https://openalex.org/W3101929529","https://openalex.org/W2354346723","https://openalex.org/W2978048732","https://openalex.org/W2393362322","https://openalex.org/W2907262898","https://openalex.org/W2393298610","https://openalex.org/W2054202867"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,89],"rapid":[1],"evolution":[2],"of":[3,11,25],"smart":[4],"environments,":[5],"coupled":[6],"with":[7,82],"the":[8,23,99,102,108,127,150],"extensive":[9],"adoption":[10],"Internet":[12],"services,":[13],"has":[14],"fundamentally":[15],"redefined":[16],"traditional":[17,115],"network":[18,47],"boundaries.":[19],"This":[20],"transformation":[21],"necessitates":[22],"development":[24],"more":[26],"flexible,":[27],"accurate,":[28],"and":[29,42,101,130,160,166],"resilient":[30],"user":[31,100,170],"identity":[32,75],"authentication":[33,43,76,96,121,133],"mechanisms.":[34],"Conventional":[35],"frameworks":[36],"typically":[37],"assume":[38],"that":[39,78,117],"users,":[40],"devices,":[41],"processes":[44],"within":[45,172],"a":[46,73,93],"are":[48],"inherently":[49],"trustworthy.":[50],"However,":[51],"these":[52],"assumptions":[53],"increasingly":[54],"fall":[55],"short":[56],"in":[57,135,168],"addressing":[58],"modern":[59],"cybersecurity":[60],"challenges,":[61],"thereby":[62],"leaving":[63],"systems":[64],"susceptible":[65],"to":[66,86,114,137],"attacks.":[67],"In":[68,112],"response,":[69],"this":[70,123],"study":[71],"introduces":[72],"multi-level":[74],"scheme":[77],"integrates":[79],"facial":[80],"recognition":[81],"continuous":[83,105],"environmental":[84,138],"detection":[85],"enhance":[87],"security.":[88],"proposed":[90],"framework":[91],"establishes":[92],"bidirectional":[94],"mutual":[95],"protocol":[97],"between":[98],"server,":[103],"ensuring":[104],"verification":[106],"beyond":[107],"initial":[109],"login":[110],"phase.":[111],"contrast":[113],"methods":[116],"rely":[118],"on":[119],"static":[120],"mechanisms,":[122],"system":[124],"persistently":[125],"monitors":[126],"user\u2019s":[128],"environment":[129],"dynamically":[131],"adjusts":[132],"parameters":[134],"response":[136],"changes.":[139],"Its":[140],"effectiveness":[141],"is":[142],"rigorously":[143],"validated":[144],"using":[145],"SVO":[146],"logic,":[147],"which":[148],"demonstrates":[149],"scheme\u2019s":[151],"robustness":[152],"against":[153],"potential":[154],"security":[155,159],"threats.":[156],"Furthermore,":[157],"comprehensive":[158],"performance":[161],"evaluations":[162],"confirm":[163],"its":[164],"feasibility":[165],"efficiency":[167],"protecting":[169],"identities":[171],"dynamic":[173],"digital":[174],"ecosystems.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
