{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413679563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csr64739.2025.11130111","title":"Smart Cities Under Threat: A Systematic Review and Conceptual Risk Model","display_name":"Smart Cities Under Threat: A Systematic Review and Conceptual Risk Model","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413679563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csr64739.2025.11130111"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/csr64739.2025.11130111","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csr64739.2025.11130111","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Cyber Security and Resilience (CSR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062072881","display_name":"Evita Roponena","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0309-4730"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201787326","display_name":"Riga Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00twb6c09","country_code":"LV","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201787326"]}],"countries":["LV"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Evita Roponena","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Technology Riga Technical University,Riga,Latvia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Technology Riga Technical University,Riga,Latvia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201787326"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043158748","display_name":"Ralfs Matisons","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3057-4959"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201787326","display_name":"Riga Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00twb6c09","country_code":"LV","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201787326"]}],"countries":["LV"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ralfs Matisons","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Technology Riga Technical University,Riga,Latvia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Technology Riga Technical University,Riga,Latvia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201787326"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5118142547","display_name":"Elizabete Citskovska","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6333-5780"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201787326","display_name":"Riga Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00twb6c09","country_code":"LV","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201787326"]}],"countries":["LV"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elizabete Citskovska","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Technology Riga Technical University,Riga,Latvia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Technology Riga Technical University,Riga,Latvia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201787326"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119437493","display_name":"Patriks Gustavs Rinkevi\u010ds","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201787326","display_name":"Riga Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00twb6c09","country_code":"LV","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201787326"]}],"countries":["LV"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patriks Gustavs Rinkevi\u010ds","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Technology Riga Technical University,Riga,Latvia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Technology Riga Technical University,Riga,Latvia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201787326"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053140223","display_name":"R\u016bta Pirta-Dreimane","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8568-0276"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201787326","display_name":"Riga Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00twb6c09","country_code":"LV","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201787326"]}],"countries":["LV"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R\u016bta Pirta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Technology Riga Technical University,Riga,Latvia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Technology Riga Technical University,Riga,Latvia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201787326"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119437494","display_name":"Girts Priedols","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24568809","display_name":"Transport and Telecommunication Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01628w679","country_code":"LV","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24568809"]}],"countries":["LV"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Girts Priedols","raw_affiliation_strings":["SIA DATI Group,Riga,Latvia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SIA DATI Group,Riga,Latvia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24568809"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062072881"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201787326"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.31225502,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"911","last_page":"916"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14222","display_name":"Knowledge Management and Technology","score":0.8264999985694885,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14222","display_name":"Knowledge Management and Technology","score":0.8264999985694885,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.521552562713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.45637238025665283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conceptual-model","display_name":"Conceptual model","score":0.4488058388233185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.23084962368011475}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.521552562713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.45637238025665283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13606891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623243","display_name":"Conceptual model","level":2,"score":0.4488058388233185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.23084962368011475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/csr64739.2025.11130111","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csr64739.2025.11130111","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Cyber Security and Resilience (CSR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.5799999833106995}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Smart":[0],"city":[1,56,88,106],"ecosystem":[2],"is":[3,80],"complex":[4],"and":[5,16,57,68,78,101],"dynamic":[6],"due":[7],"to":[8,22,61,126],"use":[9],"of":[10,32,53,66,85,91,130],"different":[11],"technologies,":[12],"processes,":[13],"actors,":[14],"policies":[15],"other":[17],"connected":[18],"elements.":[19],"This":[20],"leads":[21],"security":[23],"management":[24],"related":[25],"challenges":[26],"that":[27],"impacts":[28],"not":[29],"only":[30],"safety":[31,70],"the":[33,41,50,81,86,128],"digital":[34],"assets":[35],"but":[36],"also":[37],"public":[38],"trust.":[39],"Employing":[40],"snowballing":[42],"systematic":[43],"literature":[44],"review":[45],"method,":[46],"this":[47],"paper":[48],"identifies":[49],"key":[51],"components":[52],"a":[54,63,113,117],"smart":[55,87,105,131],"its":[58],"threat":[59],"landscape":[60],"develop":[62],"conceptual":[64],"model":[65,108],"cybersecurity":[67],"civil":[69],"risks.":[71],"People,":[72],"governance,":[73],"economy,":[74],"environment,":[75],"infrastructure,":[76],"mobility":[77],"living":[79],"most":[82],"common":[83],"elements":[84,93],"ecosystem.":[89],"Each":[90],"these":[92,110],"are":[94],"associated":[95],"with":[96],"certain":[97],"risks,":[98],"both":[99],"technological":[100],"socio-economical.":[102],"The":[103],"proposed":[104],"risk":[107,121],"consolidates":[109],"risks":[111],"into":[112],"unified":[114],"framework,":[115],"providing":[116],"foundation":[118],"for":[119],"centralized":[120],"assessment":[122],"in":[123],"future":[124],"studies":[125],"strengthening":[127],"resilience":[129],"cities.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
