{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413679475","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csr64739.2025.11130105","title":"LLM-Powered Intent-Based Categorization of Phishing Emails","display_name":"LLM-Powered Intent-Based Categorization of Phishing Emails","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413679475","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csr64739.2025.11130105"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/csr64739.2025.11130105","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csr64739.2025.11130105","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Cyber Security and Resilience (CSR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Even Eilertsen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","display_name":"University of Oslo","ror":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Even Eilertsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oslo,Oslo,Norway"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oslo,Oslo,Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051922069","display_name":"Vasileios Mavroeidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8188-3575"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","display_name":"University of Oslo","ror":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vasileios Mavroeidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oslo,Oslo,Norway"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oslo,Oslo,Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077910506","display_name":"Gudmund Grov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8837-5496"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163244428","display_name":"Norwegian Defence Research Establishment","ror":"https://ror.org/0098gnz32","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163244428"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gudmund Grov","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oslo,Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (FFI),Kjeller,Norway"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oslo,Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (FFI),Kjeller,Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163244428"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.32456758,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"753","last_page":"758"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9624999761581421,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9613999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phishing","display_name":"Phishing","score":0.8448624610900879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorization","display_name":"Categorization","score":0.7483775615692139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6667460203170776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/text-categorization","display_name":"Text categorization","score":0.442304790019989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.39470893144607544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.3660597801208496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.31582891941070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.27942103147506714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.19857603311538696}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83860907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135005","display_name":"Phishing","level":3,"score":0.8448624610900879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.7483775615692139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6667460203170776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986744138","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q302088","display_name":"Text categorization","level":3,"score":0.442304790019989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.39470893144607544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.3660597801208496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.31582891941070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.27942103147506714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.19857603311538696}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/csr64739.2025.11130105","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csr64739.2025.11130105","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Cyber Security and Resilience (CSR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334322","display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2021327598","https://openalex.org/W2532117426","https://openalex.org/W3047864016","https://openalex.org/W3133843004","https://openalex.org/W4392353733","https://openalex.org/W4392667162"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2360898036","https://openalex.org/W2390857744","https://openalex.org/W2390698788","https://openalex.org/W2133651098","https://openalex.org/W2078570174","https://openalex.org/W2383063829","https://openalex.org/W2138922887","https://openalex.org/W2035261173","https://openalex.org/W2106892947","https://openalex.org/W2237299843"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Phishing":[0],"attacks":[1],"remain":[2],"a":[3,120,124],"significant":[4],"threat":[5,107],"to":[6,20,67,78,97],"modern":[7],"cybersecurity,":[8],"as":[9],"they":[10],"successfully":[11],"deceive":[12],"both":[13],"humans":[14],"and":[15,128,141],"the":[16,53,59,79,85,95],"defense":[17],"mechanisms":[18],"intended":[19],"protect":[21],"them.":[22],"Traditional":[23],"detection":[24],"systems":[25,40],"primarily":[26],"focus":[27],"on":[28,73],"email":[29],"metadata":[30],"that":[31,134],"users":[32,47],"cannot":[33],"see":[34],"in":[35,148],"their":[36,74,146],"inboxes.":[37],"Additionally,":[38],"these":[39,69],"struggle":[41],"with":[42],"phishing":[43,83,129,143],"emails,":[44,84,144],"which":[45,91],"experienced":[46],"can":[48],"often":[49],"identify":[50],"empirically":[51],"by":[52,71,94],"text":[54],"alone.":[55],"This":[56],"paper":[57,86],"investigates":[58],"practical":[60],"potential":[61,147],"of":[62,82,126,139],"Large":[63],"Language":[64],"Models":[65],"(LLMs)":[66],"detect":[68],"emails":[70,99],"focusing":[72],"intent.":[75],"In":[76],"addition":[77],"binary":[80],"classification":[81],"introduces":[87],"an":[88],"intenttype":[89],"taxonomy,":[90],"is":[92],"operationalized":[93],"LLMs":[96,136],"classify":[98],"into":[100,119],"distinct":[101],"categories":[102],"and,":[103],"therefore,":[104],"generate":[105],"actionable":[106],"information.":[108],"To":[109],"facilitate":[110],"our":[111],"work,":[112],"we":[113],"have":[114],"curated":[115],"publicly":[116],"available":[117],"datasets":[118],"custom":[121],"dataset":[122],"containing":[123],"mix":[125],"legitimate":[127],"emails.":[130],"Our":[131],"results":[132],"demonstrate":[133],"existing":[135],"are":[137],"capable":[138],"detecting":[140],"categorizing":[142],"underscoring":[145],"this":[149],"domain.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-17T18:11:37.981687","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
