{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413679377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csr64739.2025.11129996","title":"A Lightweight Firmware Resilience Engine for Real-Time Operating Systems","display_name":"A Lightweight Firmware Resilience Engine for Real-Time Operating Systems","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413679377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csr64739.2025.11129996"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/csr64739.2025.11129996","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csr64739.2025.11129996","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Cyber Security and Resilience (CSR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107494400","display_name":"Utku Budak","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Utku Budak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Munich,Chair of Security in Information Technology,Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Munich,Chair of Security in Information Technology,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073095843","display_name":"Fabrizio De Santis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3194-826X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1325886976","display_name":"Siemens (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/059mq0909","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325886976"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabrizio De Santis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Siemens AG, Foundational Technologies,Munich,Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Siemens AG, Foundational Technologies,Munich,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1325886976"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015996837","display_name":"Osman Ya\u015far","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9474-8137"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Osman Yasar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Munich,Chair of Security in Information Technology,Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Munich,Chair of Security in Information Technology,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000176806","display_name":"Malek Safieh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1325886976","display_name":"Siemens (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/059mq0909","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325886976"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Malek Safieh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Siemens AG, Foundational Technologies,Munich,Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Siemens AG, Foundational Technologies,Munich,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1325886976"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026512033","display_name":"Georg Sigl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3152-941X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georg Sigl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Munich,Chair of Security in Information Technology,Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Munich,Chair of Security in Information Technology,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5107494400"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.30187869,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"401","last_page":"406"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.982200026512146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firmware","display_name":"Firmware","score":0.8849179744720459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","score":0.8054267168045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.675395667552948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.5333101153373718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.500359058380127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.35913628339767456}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67212190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104851","display_name":"Firmware","level":2,"score":0.8849179744720459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.8054267168045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.675395667552948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.5333101153373718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.500359058380127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.35913628339767456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/csr64739.2025.11129996","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csr64739.2025.11129996","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Cyber Security and Resilience (CSR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mediatum.ub.tum.de:node/1798657","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://mediatum.ub.tum.de/1798657","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196330","display_name":"mediaTUM  (Technical University of Munich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Munich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"ConferencePaper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5600000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2582981600","https://openalex.org/W4389238932","https://openalex.org/W2354251310","https://openalex.org/W1526521547","https://openalex.org/W4385624297","https://openalex.org/W3180981818","https://openalex.org/W4247881240","https://openalex.org/W2007388836","https://openalex.org/W2356515587","https://openalex.org/W2351580829"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cyber-physical":[0],"systems":[1,86],"(CPSs)":[2],"comprise":[3],"devices":[4],"that":[5,125],"continuously":[6],"monitor":[7],"their":[8],"surroundings":[9],"via":[10],"sensors":[11],"and":[12,48,99,146],"interact":[13],"with":[14,88,137],"the":[15,60,69,105,107,112],"physical":[16,23],"world":[17],"through":[18],"actuators.":[19],"Due":[20],"to":[21],"this":[22,57,74],"interaction,":[24],"any":[25],"malicious":[26],"activity":[27],"might":[28],"have":[29],"severe":[30],"consequences,":[31],"such":[32],"as":[33],"endangering":[34],"human":[35],"lives.":[36],"Consequently,":[37],"ensuring":[38],"cyber":[39],"resilience":[40],"is":[41,109],"crucial,":[42],"primarily":[43],"focusing":[44],"on":[45,116],"maintaining":[46],"availability":[47],"facilitating":[49],"rapid":[50],"recovery":[51],"during":[52],"ongoing":[53],"attacks.":[54],"To":[55,103],"address":[56],"latter":[58],"need,":[59],"Trusted":[61],"Computing":[62],"Group":[63],"(TCG)":[64],"proposes":[65],"a":[66,78,134,138],"solution":[67],"called":[68],"Resilience":[70],"Engine":[71],"(RE).":[72],"In":[73],"paper,":[75],"we":[76],"present":[77],"lightweight":[79],"firmware":[80],"RE":[81,108,127],"extension":[82,128],"for":[83],"real-time":[84,135],"operating":[85],"(RTOSs)":[87],"various":[89],"functionalities.":[90],"These":[91],"include":[92],"runtime":[93],"code":[94],"verification,":[95],"stack":[96],"checkpointing,":[97],"recovery,":[98],"controlled":[100],"software":[101],"updates.":[102],"show":[104,124],"feasibility,":[106],"integrated":[110,132],"into":[111,133],"FreeRTOS":[113],"kernel":[114],"running":[115],"an":[117],"ARM":[118],"Cortex-M4-based":[119],"microcontroller.":[120],"The":[121],"implementation":[122],"results":[123],"our":[126],"can":[129],"be":[130],"seamlessly":[131],"device":[136],"reasonable":[139],"overhead":[140],"in":[141],"terms":[142],"of":[143],"memory":[144],"size":[145],"execution":[147],"time.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
