{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3104229183","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csndsp49049.2020.9249628","title":"Extraction of Reflectance Maps for Smart Farming Applications Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles","display_name":"Extraction of Reflectance Maps for Smart Farming Applications Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3104229183","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csndsp49049.2020.9249628","mag":"3104229183"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/csndsp49049.2020.9249628","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csndsp49049.2020.9249628","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 12th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036200521","display_name":"George Livanos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1255-461X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55741626","display_name":"Technical University of Crete","ror":"https://ror.org/03f8bz564","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55741626"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giorgos Livanos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55741626"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068736273","display_name":"Dimitris Ramnalis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106481","display_name":"Hellenic Agency for Local Development and Local Government","ror":"https://ror.org/0126xra53","country_code":"GR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106481"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitris Ramnalis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trading and Consulting Company, Service Provider GeoSense, Thessaloniki, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trading and Consulting Company, Service Provider GeoSense, Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106481"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057532039","display_name":"Vasilis Polychronos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106481","display_name":"Hellenic Agency for Local Development and Local Government","ror":"https://ror.org/0126xra53","country_code":"GR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106481"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vasilis Polychronos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trading and Consulting Company, Service Provider GeoSense, Thessaloniki, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trading and Consulting Company, Service Provider GeoSense, Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106481"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043998471","display_name":"Panagiota Balomenou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106481","display_name":"Hellenic Agency for Local Development and Local Government","ror":"https://ror.org/0126xra53","country_code":"GR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106481"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Panagiota Balomenou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trading and Consulting Company, Service Provider GeoSense, Thessaloniki, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trading and Consulting Company, Service Provider GeoSense, Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106481"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050756789","display_name":"Panagiotis Sarigiannidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6042-0355"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89506807","display_name":"University of Western Macedonia","ror":"https://ror.org/00a5pe906","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89506807"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Panagiotis Sarigiannidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, Kozani, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, Kozani, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89506807"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006022308","display_name":"Giorgos Kakamoukas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89506807","display_name":"University of Western Macedonia","ror":"https://ror.org/00a5pe906","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89506807"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giorgos Kakamoukas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, Kozani, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, Kozani, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89506807"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030259790","display_name":"Thomi Karamitsou","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomi Karamitsou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Network Applications Research & Development Company, AgroSense, Florina, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Network Applications Research & Development Company, AgroSense, Florina, Greece","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077435406","display_name":"Pantelis Angelidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1503-8952"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pantelis Angelidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Network Applications Research & Development Company, AgroSense, Florina, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Network Applications Research & Development Company, AgroSense, Florina, Greece","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113661535","display_name":"Michalis Zervakis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55741626","display_name":"Technical University of Crete","ror":"https://ror.org/03f8bz564","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55741626"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michalis Zervakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55741626"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operability","display_name":"Operability","score":0.819720983505249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multispectral-image","display_name":"Multispectral image","score":0.7065086960792542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6316837072372437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-agriculture","display_name":"Precision agriculture","score":0.5974578857421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.49299880862236023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.441959947347641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.43959206342697144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.423663854598999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2990792393684387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agriculture","display_name":"Agriculture","score":0.1896418333053589}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126231374","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061298","display_name":"Operability","level":2,"score":0.819720983505249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173163844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761440","display_name":"Multispectral image","level":2,"score":0.7065086960792542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6316837072372437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120217122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740083","display_name":"Precision agriculture","level":3,"score":0.5974578857421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.49299880862236023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.441959947347641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.43959206342697144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.423663854598999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2990792393684387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.1896418333053589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/csndsp49049.2020.9249628","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csndsp49049.2020.9249628","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 12th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.75}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1993645731","https://openalex.org/W2043161172","https://openalex.org/W2064374909","https://openalex.org/W2070449754","https://openalex.org/W2094124343","https://openalex.org/W2102478133","https://openalex.org/W2118921056","https://openalex.org/W2140571362","https://openalex.org/W2186066651","https://openalex.org/W2332469735","https://openalex.org/W2492191406","https://openalex.org/W2606453977","https://openalex.org/W2702736887","https://openalex.org/W2766234523","https://openalex.org/W2789126772","https://openalex.org/W2885416433","https://openalex.org/W2910158206","https://openalex.org/W2913325984","https://openalex.org/W2913936000","https://openalex.org/W2961285926","https://openalex.org/W3005863531","https://openalex.org/W4235847081","https://openalex.org/W6686840473"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2125626150","https://openalex.org/W2045316876","https://openalex.org/W2736987351","https://openalex.org/W2255799226","https://openalex.org/W2661918375","https://openalex.org/W2025974577","https://openalex.org/W1783723958","https://openalex.org/W1991104667","https://openalex.org/W2007882971","https://openalex.org/W2728483170"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,64],"application":[2,140],"paper,":[3],"a":[4,21,50,128,150,196],"robust":[5],"framework":[6,125],"for":[7,135,145,169],"smart":[8,142],"remote":[9],"sensing":[10,163,198],"of":[11,29,58,66,80,141,153],"cultivations":[12,101],"using":[13],"Unmanned":[14,52],"Aerial":[15,53],"Vehicles":[16],"is":[17,61],"presented,":[18],"yielding":[19],"to":[20,75,116,195],"useful":[22],"tool":[23],"with":[24,193],"advanced":[25,179],"capabilities":[26],"in":[27,102],"terms":[28],"time-efficiency,":[30],"accuracy,":[31],"user-friendly":[32],"operability,":[33],"adjustability":[34],"and":[35,45,111,132,183],"expandability.":[36],"The":[37,93],"proposed":[38,94,124,162],"system":[39,67],"incorporates":[40],"multispectral":[41],"imaging,":[42],"automated":[43],"navigation":[44],"real-time":[46],"monitoring":[47],"functionalities":[48],"into":[49,177],"fixed-wing":[51],"Vehicle":[54],"platform.":[55],"Offline":[56],"analysis":[57],"captured":[59],"data":[60,173],"performed,":[62],"at":[63,107,189],"stage":[65],"development,":[68],"via":[69,156],"powerful":[70],"commercial":[71],"software":[72],"so":[73],"as":[74],"extract":[76],"the":[77,81,88,123,139,161,190],"reflection":[78],"map":[79],"crop":[82,117],"area":[83],"under":[84],"study":[85],"based":[86],"on":[87,99,186],"Normalized":[89],"Difference":[90],"Vegetation":[91],"Index.":[92],"approach":[95,164],"has":[96],"been":[97],"tested":[98],"selected":[100],"two":[103],"regions":[104],"(Greece),":[105],"aiming":[106],"recording":[108],"field":[109],"variability":[110],"early":[112],"detecting":[113],"factors":[114],"related":[115],"stress.":[118],"Preliminary":[119],"results":[120],"indicate":[121],"that":[122],"can":[126],"prove":[127],"cost-effective,":[129],"precise,":[130],"flexible":[131],"operative":[133],"solution":[134],"agriculture":[136],"industry,":[137],"enabling":[138],"farming":[143],"procedures":[144],"productive":[146],"farm":[147],"management.":[148],"Adopting":[149],"collaborative":[151],"group":[152],"aerial":[154],"vehicles":[155],"Flying":[157],"Ad":[158],"hoc":[159],"Networks,":[160],"could":[165],"be":[166],"further":[167],"enhanced":[168],"large-scale":[170],"applications,":[171],"fusing":[172],"from":[174],"multiple":[175],"nodes":[176],"an":[178],"Decision":[180],"Support":[181],"System":[182],"providing":[184],"information":[185],"bigger":[187],"areas":[188],"same":[191],"time":[192],"respect":[194],"single":[197],"source.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
