{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1852935926","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csndsp16145.2010.5580434","title":"The stability of LDPC codes with higher order modulation schemes","display_name":"The stability of LDPC codes with higher order modulation schemes","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1852935926","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csndsp16145.2010.5580434","mag":"1852935926"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/csndsp16145.2010.5580434","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csndsp16145.2010.5580434","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 7th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks & Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP 2010)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085421259","display_name":"V. S. Ganepola","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","display_name":"Newcastle University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. S. Ganepola","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom","School of Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom NE1 7RU"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom NE1 7RU","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"R. A. Carrasco","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","display_name":"Newcastle University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. A. Carrasco","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom","School of Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom NE1 7RU"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom NE1 7RU","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079659442","display_name":"Ian Wassell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7927-5565"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. J. Wassell","raw_affiliation_strings":["William Gates Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","Computer Laboratory, William Gates Building, University of Cambridge, 15 JJ Thompson Avenue, CB3 0FD, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"William Gates Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Laboratory, William Gates Building, University of Cambridge, 15 JJ Thompson Avenue, CB3 0FD, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016651560","display_name":"S. LeGoff","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","display_name":"Newcastle University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Le-Goff","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom","School of Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom NE1 7RU"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom NE1 7RU","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.08353074,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"195","last_page":"200"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-density-parity-check-code","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","score":0.8762760758399963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","score":0.7535109519958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/additive-white-gaussian-noise","display_name":"Additive white Gaussian noise","score":0.7356800436973572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rayleigh-fading","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","score":0.6601639986038208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift-keying","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","score":0.6147692203521729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qam","display_name":"QAM","score":0.5903431177139282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.5821897387504578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5705575346946716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.5593755841255188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.532538115978241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.42309439182281494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.3204966187477112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.23943564295768738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-noise","display_name":"White noise","score":0.20274421572685242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.15229356288909912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07889378070831299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.06489011645317078}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67692717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187444","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","level":3,"score":0.8762760758399963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32409245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749753","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.7535109519958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169334058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q353292","display_name":"Additive white Gaussian noise","level":3,"score":0.7356800436973572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56985126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854039","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","level":4,"score":0.6601639986038208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186378180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4874866","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.6147692203521729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59030546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7265371","display_name":"QAM","level":5,"score":0.5903431177139282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.5821897387504578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5705575346946716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.5593755841255188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.532538115978241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.42309439182281494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3204966187477112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.23943564295768738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112633086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381287","display_name":"White noise","level":2,"score":0.20274421572685242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.15229356288909912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07889378070831299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.06489011645317078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/csndsp16145.2010.5580434","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csndsp16145.2010.5580434","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 7th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks & Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP 2010)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W604181985","https://openalex.org/W634878933","https://openalex.org/W1484354944","https://openalex.org/W1522045078","https://openalex.org/W1577906631","https://openalex.org/W2004565464","https://openalex.org/W2006590270","https://openalex.org/W2096895376","https://openalex.org/W2107689535","https://openalex.org/W2109489513","https://openalex.org/W2109866575","https://openalex.org/W2121606987","https://openalex.org/W2125566184","https://openalex.org/W2126259959","https://openalex.org/W2127490352","https://openalex.org/W2137699000","https://openalex.org/W2141081933","https://openalex.org/W2142827153","https://openalex.org/W2163096389","https://openalex.org/W2169732368","https://openalex.org/W2173776306","https://openalex.org/W2610335499","https://openalex.org/W2798333393","https://openalex.org/W2949889404"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4289655494","https://openalex.org/W1984351496","https://openalex.org/W4390873927","https://openalex.org/W2171154110","https://openalex.org/W2169741682","https://openalex.org/W2159438609","https://openalex.org/W2886957319","https://openalex.org/W2122253935","https://openalex.org/W4247508912","https://openalex.org/W2979776991"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"derive":[4],"stability":[5,24,47,86,104,130],"conditions":[6,48],"for":[7,112,140],"low-density-parity-check":[8],"(LDPC)":[9],"codes":[10],"with":[11,29],"Gray":[12],"mapped":[13],"M-ary":[14,19],"phase-shift":[15],"keying":[16],"(M-PSK)":[17],"and":[18,40,45,81,109,124,143],"quadrate-amplitude-modulation":[20],"(M-QAM)":[21],"constellations.":[22,145],"The":[23,127],"of":[25,75,88,129,157],"the":[26,69,76,85,89,95,102,135,154],"LDPC":[27,158],"decoder":[28],"higher":[30,164],"order":[31,137,165],"modulation":[32,136,166],"schemes":[33],"is":[34,59,79,92,106,132,138],"examined":[35],"on":[36,63,82],"both":[37,62,107,141],"additive-white-Gaussian-noise":[38],"(AWGN)":[39],"block":[41,64],"Rayleigh":[42,65],"fading":[43,66,77],"channels":[44],"threshold":[46],"under":[49],"iterative":[50,113],"decoding":[51,116],"are":[52],"obtained":[53],"using":[54],"density":[55],"evolution":[56,128],"techniques.":[57],"It":[58],"shown":[60],"that":[61,101,161],"channel":[67,71],"when":[68],"ideal":[70],"state":[72],"information":[73],"(CSI)":[74],"process":[78],"known,":[80],"AWGN":[83],"channel,":[84],"condition":[87,105,111,131],"underlying":[90],"code":[91],"bounded":[93],"by":[94],"Bhattacharya":[96],"noise":[97],"parameter.":[98],"We":[99],"show":[100],"derived":[103],"sufficient":[108],"necessary":[110],"belief":[114],"propagation":[115],"assuming":[117],"cycle":[118],"free":[119],"massage":[120],"passing":[121],"between":[122],"variable":[123],"check":[125],"nodes.":[126],"assessed":[133],"as":[134],"increased":[139],"M-PSK":[142],"M-QAM":[144],"This":[146],"study":[147],"provides":[148],"an":[149],"analytical":[150],"framework":[151],"to":[152],"evaluate":[153],"performance":[155],"bounds":[156],"coded":[159],"systems":[160],"extend":[162],"over":[163],"schemes.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}