{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2104867720","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csndsp.2012.6292635","title":"Real-time application of DPCM and ADM systems","display_name":"Real-time application of DPCM and ADM systems","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2104867720","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csndsp.2012.6292635","mag":"2104867720"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/csndsp.2012.6292635","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csndsp.2012.6292635","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 8th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks & Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051806008","display_name":"Roger Achkar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7034-4114"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67054835","display_name":"American University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04spwz235","country_code":"LB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67054835"]}],"countries":["LB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Roger Achkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Communications Engineering, American University of Science and Technology, Beirut, Lebanon","Department of Computer and Communications Engineering, American University of Science and Technology, AUST, Beirut, Lebanon"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Communications Engineering, American University of Science and Technology, Beirut, Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67054835"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Communications Engineering, American University of Science and Technology, AUST, Beirut, Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67054835"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024551866","display_name":"Gaby Abou Haidar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5788-2348"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67054835","display_name":"American University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04spwz235","country_code":"LB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67054835"]}],"countries":["LB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaby Abou Haidar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Communications Engineering, American University of Science and Technology, Beirut, Lebanon","Department of Computer and Communications Engineering, American University of Science and Technology, AUST, Beirut, Lebanon"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Communications Engineering, American University of Science and Technology, Beirut, Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67054835"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Communications Engineering, American University of Science and Technology, AUST, Beirut, Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67054835"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020503584","display_name":"Christopher Mansour","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4169-3419"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67054835","display_name":"American University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04spwz235","country_code":"LB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67054835"]}],"countries":["LB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher Mansour","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Communications Engineering, American University of Science and Technology, Beirut, Lebanon","Department of Computer and Communications Engineering, American University of Science and Technology, AUST, Beirut, Lebanon"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Communications Engineering, American University of Science and Technology, Beirut, Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67054835"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Communications Engineering, American University of Science and Technology, AUST, Beirut, Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67054835"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051806008"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67054835"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.337,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63074422,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11697","display_name":"Numerical Methods and Algorithms","score":0.9864000082015991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11697","display_name":"Numerical Methods and Algorithms","score":0.9864000082015991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11233","display_name":"Advanced Adaptive Filtering Techniques","score":0.9828000068664551,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9825000166893005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.689103364944458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.670642614364624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-code-modulation","display_name":"Pulse-code modulation","score":0.6692324876785278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delta-modulation","display_name":"Delta modulation","score":0.6109225749969482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.5411649346351624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distortion","display_name":"Distortion (music)","score":0.49986839294433594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4752759039402008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-width-modulation","display_name":"Pulse-width modulation","score":0.47205740213394165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.43182915449142456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.398714154958725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.30272454023361206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Pulse-amplitude modulation","score":0.28899747133255005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse","display_name":"Pulse (music)","score":0.20597806572914124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.19765883684158325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.18418097496032715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.16573914885520935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.1618868112564087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15525299310684204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.12353020906448364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.10577443242073059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.07676070928573608}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.689103364944458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.670642614364624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160987145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13043846","display_name":"Pulse-code modulation","level":3,"score":0.6692324876785278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110558960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163461","display_name":"Delta modulation","level":5,"score":0.6109225749969482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.5411649346351624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.49986839294433594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4752759039402008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92746544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q585184","display_name":"Pulse-width modulation","level":3,"score":0.47205740213394165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.43182915449142456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.398714154958725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.30272454023361206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20518276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186130","display_name":"Pulse-amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.28899747133255005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780167933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1550652","display_name":"Pulse (music)","level":3,"score":0.20597806572914124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.19765883684158325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.18418097496032715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.16573914885520935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.1618868112564087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15525299310684204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.12353020906448364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.10577443242073059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.07676070928573608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/csndsp.2012.6292635","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/csndsp.2012.6292635","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 8th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks & Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W378161301","https://openalex.org/W561542712","https://openalex.org/W1512085033","https://openalex.org/W1570994700","https://openalex.org/W1992689425","https://openalex.org/W1995169198","https://openalex.org/W1995871078","https://openalex.org/W2000501818","https://openalex.org/W2106934921","https://openalex.org/W2612977707","https://openalex.org/W2896885499","https://openalex.org/W3040853709","https://openalex.org/W3102993340","https://openalex.org/W3150096729","https://openalex.org/W4230062321","https://openalex.org/W4230636385","https://openalex.org/W4252713891","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2118460513","https://openalex.org/W1912816802","https://openalex.org/W2017889492","https://openalex.org/W754296424","https://openalex.org/W2186070169","https://openalex.org/W2073195150","https://openalex.org/W1760362425","https://openalex.org/W2944488000","https://openalex.org/W1979211417","https://openalex.org/W2184031802"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Digital":[0],"communication":[1,38],"techniques":[2],"make":[3],"the":[4,37,53,73,79,84,87,90],"process":[5,39],"of":[6,55,129],"modulating":[7],"a":[8,14,115],"message":[9],"feasible":[10],"for":[11],"transmission.":[12],"However,":[13],"common":[15],"problem":[16],"with":[17],"commonly":[18],"used":[19],"techniques,":[20],"such":[21],"as":[22],"Pulse":[23,65],"Coded":[24,66],"Modulation":[25,30,61,67],"(PCM)":[26],"and":[27,47,63,86,94,123],"Linear":[28],"Delta":[29,60],"(LDM),":[31],"is":[32],"that":[33],"they":[34],"negatively":[35],"affect":[36],"by":[40,83,98],"causing":[41],"quantization":[42,80],"error,":[43],"slope":[44,91],"overload":[45,92],"distortion,":[46],"granular":[48,95],"noise.":[49,130],"This":[50],"paper":[51],"discusses":[52],"implementation":[54],"two":[56,101],"modulation":[57],"systems,":[58],"Adaptive":[59],"(ADM)":[62],"Differential":[64],"(DPCM),":[68],"in":[69,121],"order":[70],"to":[71,126],"solve":[72],"aforementioned":[74],"problems.":[75],"The":[76],"latter":[77],"solves":[78,89],"error":[81],"faced":[82,97],"PCM":[85],"former":[88],"distortion":[93],"noise":[96],"LDM.":[99],"These":[100],"systems":[102],"are":[103,119,124],"implemented":[104],"using":[105],"Simulink":[106],"(The":[107],"Math":[108],"Works,":[109],"Inc.,":[110],"Natick,":[111],"MA,":[112],"USA)":[113],"on":[114],"multithreaded":[116],"processor":[117],"computer,":[118],"tested":[120],"real-time,":[122],"subjected":[125],"different":[127],"kinds":[128]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}