{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3159870276","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/coolchips52128.2021.9410326","title":"A Timing Aware Connectivity Optimization Technique for Improving Energy Efficiency of High-Performance CPUs","display_name":"A Timing Aware Connectivity Optimization Technique for Improving Energy Efficiency of High-Performance CPUs","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3159870276","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/coolchips52128.2021.9410326","mag":"3159870276"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/coolchips52128.2021.9410326","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/coolchips52128.2021.9410326","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Symposium in Low-Power and High-Speed Chips (COOL CHIPS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050077273","display_name":"Ayan Datta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0008-6021"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146682","display_name":"Intel (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2n1245","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700","https://openalex.org/I4210146682"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayan Datta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel Corporation, Bangalore, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel Corporation, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146682"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007941660","display_name":"Karanvir Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7474-7068"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146682","display_name":"Intel (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2n1245","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700","https://openalex.org/I4210146682"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karanvir Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel Corporation, Bangalore, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel Corporation, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146682"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024374228","display_name":"Arpita Dutta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7887-3264"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146682","display_name":"Intel (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2n1245","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700","https://openalex.org/I4210146682"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arpita Dutta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel Corporation, Bangalore, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel Corporation, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146682"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065396883","display_name":"Kousik Debnath","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146682","display_name":"Intel (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2n1245","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700","https://openalex.org/I4210146682"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kousik Debnath","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel Corporation, Bangalore, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel Corporation, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146682"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03856004,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"47","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7406003475189209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.6166966557502747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/margin","display_name":"Margin (machine learning)","score":0.602215588092804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.5747805833816528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.5569769144058228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-management","display_name":"Power management","score":0.4747859835624695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.47203385829925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-demand","display_name":"Dynamic demand","score":0.445789635181427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.41190165281295776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.40190282464027405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1317722499370575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.11455342173576355}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7406003475189209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6166966557502747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C774472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6760393","display_name":"Margin (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.602215588092804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5747805833816528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.5569769144058228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778774385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4437810","display_name":"Power management","level":3,"score":0.4747859835624695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.47203385829925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45872418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5318966","display_name":"Dynamic demand","level":3,"score":0.445789635181427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.41190165281295776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.40190282464027405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1317722499370575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.11455342173576355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/coolchips52128.2021.9410326","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/coolchips52128.2021.9410326","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Symposium in Low-Power and High-Speed Chips (COOL CHIPS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1554640024","https://openalex.org/W1837058507","https://openalex.org/W1980343173","https://openalex.org/W1984097780","https://openalex.org/W1987786682","https://openalex.org/W2075059680","https://openalex.org/W2132729131","https://openalex.org/W2137310043","https://openalex.org/W2345502034","https://openalex.org/W2531311033","https://openalex.org/W3003770219","https://openalex.org/W4233356791","https://openalex.org/W4302087205"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2155063924","https://openalex.org/W1604605630","https://openalex.org/W4236555467","https://openalex.org/W1642255152","https://openalex.org/W2160983551","https://openalex.org/W2000162505","https://openalex.org/W2069596239","https://openalex.org/W4242653504","https://openalex.org/W1585873818","https://openalex.org/W2119174988"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,43,158],"importance":[1],"of":[2,35,45,55,86,160,183],"energy":[3,26,65],"efficiency":[4],"in":[5,13,63,81,138],"compute":[6],"is":[7,22,103],"growing":[8],"with":[9],"the":[10,14,33,52,83,91,95,108,180],"exponential":[11],"increase":[12],"computing":[15],"requirement.":[16],"Improved":[17],"performance":[18,34],"at":[19,128,179],"lower":[20],"power":[21,47,85],"essential":[23],"to":[24,94,106,135],"reduce":[25],"footprint,":[27],"improve":[28],"battery":[29],"life,":[30],"and":[31,118,154,165],"push":[32],"CPUs":[36],"even":[37,178],"higher":[38],"through":[39],"better":[40],"thermal":[41],"management.":[42],"reduction":[44,137],"dynamic":[46,84,139],"without":[48,141],"any":[49,143],"impact":[50,144],"on":[51,77,116,123,145],"maximum":[53],"frequency":[54],"operation":[56],"processors":[57],"will":[58],"have":[59],"a":[60],"significant":[61],"role":[62],"improving":[64],"efficiency.":[66],"This":[67],"paper":[68],"presents":[69],"an":[70,168,175],"efficient":[71,101],"timing":[72,117],"aware":[73],"connectivity":[74,113],"optimisation":[75],"technique":[76],"stdcell,":[78],"which":[79],"helps":[80],"reducing":[82],"designs":[87],"by":[88],"optimally":[89],"connecting":[90],"input":[92,98],"signals":[93],"standard":[96],"cell":[97],"pins.":[99],"An":[100],"algorithm":[102],"also":[104],"proposed":[105],"make":[107],"right":[109],"design":[110,184],"choices":[111],"during":[112],"optimisation,":[114],"based":[115],"power.":[119],"Experiments":[120],"carried":[121],"out":[122],"high-performance":[124],"CPU":[125],"core":[126],"designs,":[127],"Intel's":[129],"14nm":[130],"Finfet":[131],"technology,":[132],"show":[133],"up":[134],"2%":[136],"power,":[140],"having":[142],"total":[146],"negative":[147,150],"margin,":[148,151],"worst":[149],"output":[152],"slews,":[153],"cumulative":[155],"margin":[156],"histogram.":[157],"ease":[159],"implementation,":[161],"minimal":[162],"ECO":[163],"effort":[164],"less":[166],"than":[167],"hour":[169],"run":[170],"time":[171],"makes":[172],"this":[173],"method":[174],"easy":[176],"choice,":[177],"late":[181],"stages":[182],"closure.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
